Umsuka Nokukhishwayo
Umsuka ngqo wama-apricots awucaci, kodwa lesi sithelo kucatshangwa ukuthi singokomdabu wasenyakatho nentshonalanga yeChina, Central Asia, Japan, neKorea. Igama laso lesayensi, iPrunus armeniaca, lisho iplamu yase-Armenia, okuyireferensi yama-apricots ayekade kwakhiwa e-Armenia emakhulwini eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba isatshalaliswe ngamaRoma iya emazweni aseYurophu cishe ngo-100 BC.
Ama-apricots ayachuma ezimweni zezulu ezifudumele kakhulu. I-Turkey ngumkhiqizi omkhulu wamazwe omhlaba, olandelwa yi-Uzbekistan. Amavolumu amakhulu akhiqizwa e-Italy, e-Algeria nase-Iran; kanti iNingizimu Afrika ingumkhiphi omkhulu kakhulu wama apricots asemakhayeni.
Ngo-2003, abalimi baseNingizimu Afrika balahla inani elikhulu lama-apricot nezihlahla ze-apricot ngoba kwakukholakala ukuthi ngeke zisasebenza kwezomnotho. Isimo sesingcono kusukela lapho, kepha inzuzo isengcupheni ngenxa yokunyuka kwezindleko ezihambisana nokukhula kwesivila kwesidingo.
Ama-Apricots eNingizimu Afrika
Izihlahla ze-apricot zokuqala zafika eSouth Africa phakathi nekhulu le-17, ngokusho koMnyango wezoLimo, amaHlathi kanye nezokudoba. Lezi zihlahla zatshalwa kuphela eNtshonalanga Kapa ngaphansi kwezimo zemvula zasebusika.
I-Cape Apricot, okungenzeka ukuthi iyinzalo yohlobo lwamaShayina lwangempela, ibiyizinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika kuze kube ngo-1900. Ngemuva kwalokho, izinhlobo ezinjenge-Old Cape, i-Early Cape neLate Cape, ezaziwa nangokuthi yi-Sweetstone, zaqala ukusetshenziswa.
Indawo Yokukhiqiza
Ama-apricots enza kahle ezindaweni ezishisayo kodwa achuma ezindaweni ezinobusika obubandayo nobomile nobusika obomile. Ngenkathi zikhiqizwa kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Afrika, ubuningi bokukhiqiza benzeka eWestern Cape.
Njengoba kuhlolwa yi-Hortgro Tree Census, iKlein Karoo yabalwa ngaphezu kwe-75% yendawo eyayakhiqizwa ngonyaka we-2018. IPiketberg, iCeres, neWorcester abanye abakhiqizi abakhulu be-apricot, ngenkathi iLangkloof, iVilliersdorp kanye neSouthern Cape, Paarl, Wolseley , I-Tulbagh, kanye nesiFundazwe saseNyakatho zakha amasimu amancane.
Indawo engaphansi kokukhiqizwa ibalwa ngaphansi kwamahektha ayishumi eMfuleni i-Upper Orange River, eMpumalanga, eKapa, e-Eastern Cape, eFree State naseStellenbosch.
Izinhlobo
I-Apricot Royal cultivar yethulwa eSouth Africa ukuze isomiswe ekuqaleni kweminyaka ye-1900s, kuthi lapho isitshalo seBulida yethulwa ngawo-1930s ukuwafaka. I-Bulida yabusa lo mkhakha ngonyaka we-2018, yabalwa ngaphezu kwengxenye yendawo ekhiqizwayo njengoba kubonwa kwizibalo eziphawulayo eziphathelene nezithelo eziwohlokayo.
AbakwaSoldonne, Bebeco, Imperi kanye nePalsteyn batshalwe kumahektha angaphezu kwama-200 lilinye, kanti indawo engaphansi kweSupergold neCharisma yayingaphezu kwamahektha ayi-100 lilinye. Izindawo zokukhiqiza ezinikezwe iRoyal, Peeka, Colourado, neSolitaire zilingana ngaphansi kwamahektha ayi-100 ngotshalo ngalunye.
Imakethe yase-Europe ibilokhu ihambela kude nama-apricots aphuzi bendabuko ngokuthanda ama-apricots ane-blush ngaphezulu, okuholele kwesidingo esikhulayo salezi zinhlobonhlobo. Inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezintsha selikhishwe eminyakeni embalwa edlule.
Isikhathi
Ngokuya ngezimo zesimo sezulu, indawo yokukhiqiza kanye neyegadi, isikhathi sama-apricot eNingizimu Afrika senzeka kusukela ngoNovemba kuya ku-Mashi, kube nemisindo emincane cishe ngo-Ephreli.
Ukuthengisa
Ngokwesilinganiso, ama-apricots angama-70% aseNingizimu Afrika ayacutshungulwa, kanti ama-16% omile kanti ama-9% athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Cishe yi-4% yezithelo ezintsha ezithengiswayo emakethe yendawo.
Ngokuya kuthunyelwe ngaphandle kwama-apricot, ngaphezu kwama-50% ama-apricot amasha aseNingizimu Afrika athunyelwa eMiddle East ngonyaka we-2018. I-United Kingdom ithole ama-29% kwathi i-Europe yathola u-16% walezi zithelo. Amanani amancane aya naseRussia, eMpumalanga Ekude, e-Asia naseziqhingini zase-Indian Ocean.
Ukusebenzisa
Ama-apricots aphezulu ku-fibre, amavithamini, ikakhulukazi amavithamini A no-C, kanye namaminerali. Izithelo nesikhumba kuyadla, kepha itshe liyalahlwa. Ama-apricots angajatshulelwa emisha noma emakheni, emsulwa, omiswe, agcinwe noma enziwe ijusi. Zisetshenziselwa nokwenza ama-chutneys futhi zifakwa ekuphekeni.
Translated by Nsika Khoza