Ntumbuluko na Vuhumelerisi
Ntumbuluko wa ntiyiso wa ti apricots awu tiveki, kambe muhandzu lowu wu ehleketeleriwa kuva wusuka e n’walungwini na vupela dyambu bya China, Central Asia, Japan, na Korea. Vito ra tona ra xi science, Prunus armeniaca, rivula Armenian plum, leswivulaka ti apricots leti kunga khale kuya hi matimu ti rimiwa e Armenia kuringana malembe lawa yotala loko tingase hangalasiwa hiva Roma kuya ematikweni ya Europe kwalomu ka 100 BC.
Ti apricots tihanya kahle eka maxelo yotsakama. Turkey i muhumelerisi nkulu eka matiko ya misava, ku landzela Uzbekistan. Nhlayo leyikulu yitlhela yi humelerisiwa hi tiko ra Italy, Algeria, na Iran; loko Afrika Dzonga riri tiko nkulu leri xaviselaka matiko yotala ti apricots tale xikoteleni.
Hi 2003, van’wamapurasi va Afrika Dzonga va cukumete nhlayo yale henhla naku tsuvulela misinya yati apricots hikuva aku tshembiwa leswaku atahari na mbuyelo eka bindzu. Xiyimo lexi xi antswile kusukela kwalano, kambe kuvuyerisa swahari ehansi ka nxungeto hikokwalaho ka tihakelo leti tlakukaka swikatsana naku nonoka ka kulaveka ka mihandzu leyi.
Apricots e SA
Misinya yosungula ya ma apricot yifikile e Afrika Dzonga kwalomuya kava 17th century, kuya hiva Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Misinya leyi ayi byariwile ntsena e xifundzheni xa Western Cape ehansi ka swiyimo swa timpfula.
Muxaka wa Cape Apricot, lowu kungavaka xaka ra muxaka wale China, akuri muxaka wa nkoka e Afrika Dzonga kufikela hi 1900. Endzhaku ka sweswo, tinxaka tofana na Old Cape, Early Cape na Late Cape, leti tivekaka tani hi Sweetstone, tisungule ku tirhisiwa.
Ndzhawu ya Vuhumelerisi
Ti apricots ti hanya kahle eka maxelo lawa ya tsakamaka, kambe tikota naku hanya laha ku titimelaka, kungana vuxika byo oma, ximumu xo oma xitlhela xihisa. Loko taha humelerisiwa e Afrika Dzonga hinkwayo, vuhumelerisi byotala byi humelela e Western Cape.
Vulavisisi hiva Hortgro Tree Census, ndzhawu ya Klein Karoo yive na kutlula 75% wa ndzhawu ya vuhumelerisi hi 2018. Piketberg, Ceres, na Worcester atirhi tindzhawu tin’wana letikulu ta vuhumelerisi bya ti apricot, loko Langkloof, Villiersdorp na Southern Cape, Paarl, Wolseley, Tulbagh, xikan’we na Northern Province tinga tona letinga swibyariwa swintsongo.
Ndzhawu ya vuhumelerisi leyinga pimiwa yiri yintsongo swinene yina khume wa ti hectares e gangeni ra Upper Orange River, Mpumalanga, Cape Town, Eastern Cape, Free State na Stellenbosch.
Tinxaka
Ti apricot ta muxaka wa Royal titisiwile e Afrika Dzonga leswaku tita omisiwa ekusunguleni kava 1900s, loko muxaka wa Bulida wutisiwile kwalomuya kava 1930s leswaku tita hoxiwa eswikoteleni. Bulida yitele swinene eka lembe ra 2018, leti ati ringana na hafu ya leti ati humelerisiwa tani hileswi tinhlayo nhlayo tihlamuselaka swona eka mihandzu leyi nyanganyaka.
Soldonne, Bebeco, Imperial na Palsteyn i tinxaka letinga byariwa eka ndzhawu yaku tlula 200 ha ha yin’we, kuriku ndzhawu leyinga hansi ka Supergold na Charisma tiri na kutlula 100 ha ha yin’we. Tindzhawu ta vuhumelerisi tivekiwe e hansi ka Royal, Peeka, Colorado, na Solitaire switeke ndzhawu yintsongo ka 100 ha hi muxaka wun’we.
Timakete ta Europe atiri ekusukeni eka muxaka lowu wa ndzhavuko waxitshopani hikuva kutsakeriwa lowuntshwa, leswi swinga endla leswaku kuva na kutsakeriwa swinene ka mphakelo wa muxaka lowu. Nhlayo leyi ringaneleke ya tinxaka tintshwa tihumesiwile eka malembe lawa ya hundzeke.
Nguva
Kuya hi xiyimo xa maxelo, ndzhawu ya vuhumelerisi na muxaka, nguva ya ti apricot e Afrika Dzonga yi humelela exikarhi ka November na March, na tinhlayo tintsongo leti salelaka endzhaku kuya fika April.
Vuxavisi
Exikarhi, 70% wati apricots ta AfrikaDzonga ta lulamisiwa, kuriku 16% ta dried na 9% leti xaviseriwaka matiko yale handle tikarhi tisakama. Kova ntsena 4% wa mihandzu ya furexe leyi xaviseriwaka timakete ta laha kaya.
Kuya hiku xaviseriwa matiko yale handle ti apricot, kutlula 50% wa ti apricots ta furexe ta Afrika Dzonga ti xaviseriwe matiko yale Middle East hi 2018. Tiko ra United Kingdom ri amukele 29% na Europe ri vuyeriwe hi 16% wa mihandzu leyi. Tinhlayo letintsongo tiyile e tikweni ra Russia, Far East, Asia, nale swihlaleni swa Indian Ocean.
Switirhisiwa
Ti apricots tile henhla hi fibre, ti vitamin, ngopfu ngopfu vitamin A na C, nati minerali. Mihandzu na nhlonge yakona swa dyiwa, kambe nyungu ya cukumetiwa. Ti apricots tinga dyiwa tiri furexe kumbe tiri exikoteleni,ti endliwe mukapu, ti omisiwile kumbe ti endliwe juzi. Titlhela ti tirhisiwa ku endla chutney naswona ta cheriwa ekuswekeni.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni