Ukutyalwa ko Mbona Oswiti

© Roger DelaHarpe

Ukwandiswa

Umbona oswiti wandiswa ngembewu.

Indlela Yokutyala

Imbewu kufanale ityalwe kubunzulu obusi 4cm emhlabenu ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaqondo omhlaba ongaphezulu angafikelela kwi 16°C to 20°C ukuze ikhawuleze intshule kwamsinya emva kokutyalwa. Kubalulekile ukutyala imbewu yonke ngobubunzulu bunye ukuqinisekisa ukuba izityalo zikhula ngokulinganayo. Oku kubalulekile ngexesha lokuvuna. Kungatyalwa ngemitshini yokutyala ukuqinisekisa ukufana kwemingxuma ekutyalwe kuyo. Kwimihlaba emincinane kungatyalwa ngesandla.

Ukuqelelanisa

Umbona oswiti kufanele uqelelaniswe malunga nama 20 cm ukuya kuma 30 cm kwimiqolo engama 80 cm ukuya kwi 100 cm ukuqelelana. Oku kulingana nesibalo esiphakathi kwama 40 000 kunye nama 60 000 ezityalo kwihekthare nganye.

Ixesha Lokuhlwayela

Kwilizwe loMzantsi Afrika tyala imbewu yombona ukuqala kwinyanga ka Agasti ukuya kweka Matshi okanye nasekuqaleni kwenyanga ka Epreli kwiingingqi ezifudumeleyo ezinobusika obungena kade kwaye ezingenaqabaka.

Ixesha Lokukhula

Umbona oswiti uthatha malunga neveki ezili 10 ukuya kwezili 12 ukuze ulungele ukuvunwa ukuba imozulu ifudumele kwaye nemeko ziyavuma. Ukuba ixesha lokukhula linamaqondo obushushu aphantsi isivuno sombona sizakucotha kwaye singadinga iiveki ezinokufikelela kwi 14. Inqanaba lokudubula kweentyatyambo nokwenzeka kwe tassels encamini yesityalo kuthatha malunga neveki ezi 6 ukuya kwezisi 7, ukusuka ekutyalweni. Ukulungela ukuvunwa kubazimveki ezintathu emveni koku. Phantsi kwemeko ezilungileyo, iindidi ezithile ezintsha sele zisuka kuvunwa phakathi kweveki ezisi 8 kunye nezili 9. Kwaye abanye abavelisi bayakwazi ukukhupha isivuno kabini kunyaka omnye.

Ukuchumisa

©Louise Brodie
Xa utyala, galela ama 800 ukuya kuma 1000 kg e 2:3:2 (22) N:P:K womxube kwi hekthare nganye.
Oku kungenziwa ngethuba kulinganiswa indawo ezakutyalwa kanye phambi kokuba kutyalwe.
Oku kutyebisa umhlaba ngezona macronutrients zintathu (N), Phosphate (P) kunye ne Potassium (K).
Kwiveki ezintathu emva kokutyalwa, ngethuba izityalo sele zintshulile, phinda wongeze iNitrogen ngohlobo lwama 400 kg ukuya kuma 500 kg LAN kwi hekthare nganye ukuphuhlisa ukukhula uqinise nesityalo.
Ngaphambi kokudubula kwentyatyambo kwiiveki ezimalunga nesi 6 ukuya kwisi 7 kwixesha lokukhula, ungongeza ama 400 kg ukuya kuma 500 kg e1:0:1 (29) njengoko oku kunika isibalo esilinganayo se Nitrogen ukunceda ekukhuleni ze yona iPotassium ukuze kukhule kakuhle izikhwebu zombona.

Ukunkcenkceshela

Nkcenkceshela ngoko nangoko emva kokutyala imbewu yombona oswiti ukuze kuzinze kakuhle imbewu. Ungankcenkcesheli kakhulu kuba oku kuzakupholisa umhlaba ze kuthintele ukuntshula kwezithole. Xa sele izityalo ziqalile ukukhula kwaye neengcambu sele zintshulile, nyusa isibalo sokunkcenkceshela sibe phakathi kwama 25 mm ukuya kuma 35 mm ngeveki ngalo lonke eli lixa isityalo sisakhulayo. Khumbula ukuba isanti iwafunxa msinya amanzi kwaye ingadinga ukunkcenkceshelwa kaninzi njengokuba isityalo sisiya sikhula. Imihlaba enodongwe oluninzi ingadinga ukunkcenkceshelwa kancinci ngokuye isityalo sikhula. Ungankcenkcesheli kwiveki eyandulela eyokuvuna. Gada umhlaba wakho, kwaye ujonge ubumanzi bawo rhoqo ngokuthi ufakele iimitha zokuhlola ubumanzi bomhlaba okanye ngesandla usebenzisa umhlakulo okanye ifotsholo.