Indawo ezininzi zezityalo ze Hemp, Cannabis sativa, zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwizilwanyane. Imbewu ye hemp, amagqabi, kunye nekhekhe le oli yembewu ye hemp ingatyiswa izilwanyana, kodwa ke iintlobo ezininzi zisaphandwa.
Njengoko kuchaziwe yi ‘Farm Bill’ okanye (Agricultural Improvement Act) yazisa esidlangalaleni ngonyaka ka 2018, ilizwe lase US lichaza ihemp ethengiswayo njenge lungele ekusetyenzisweni kwizilwanyana xa ingena ngaphezulu ko 0.3% we cannabinoid esebenza engqondweni THC. Kwi European Union, amazinga we THC kwizityalo ezomileyo akufunekanga abengaphezulu ku 0.2% kwi cannabis ukuze yaziwe njenge ‘Hemp’ – Intsangu enamazinga we THC we 15% – 40 %.
Ezinkcazelo ze hemp zisemthethweni kwaye azikho semzimbeni, kuba iintlobo kunye nobungakanani be ntsangu ne hemp zinga nqumlana.
Imisebenzi ye Hemp kwi Zilwanyana
Luncinci uphando olwenziweyo kwi hemp njengokutya kwe mfuyo. Kodwa ke, kuchazwa okokuba amagqabi we hemp atyiswa iihagu kunye nezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya kwilali zase China.
Isifundo esenziswe yi Dyunivesithi yase Kentucky kwelase USA sifumanise imveliso yemifuno kwi hemp, ingakumbi amagqabi, ixhomekeke kubude bexesha kunye nosuku lokutyala; ukutyala emveni kwexesha kwenza imbewu ekhawulezileyo kunye namagqabi ambalwa. Isifundo sicebisa okokuba ixabiso le hemp njengokutya kwezilwanyana likwizinongo ze mbewu okanye iintanga ze hemp, ingakumbi xa imveliso yamagqabi incinci.
I-Hemp ingenziwa ukutya kwezilwanyana okuyingca; ukubaluleka kokutyisa ihemp kufumaniswe kufana ne Lucerne. Amagqabi we hemp asetyenziswa njenge bhedi yezilwanyana. Nangona okumdaka - ukutya kwembewu ye hemp- okushiyeka emveni kokuba i-oli ifunxiwe kwinkozo okanye kwimbewu, ingasetyenziswa ekutyiseni izilwanyana.
Xa kukhutshwe i-oli kwi mbewu ye hemp, kushiywe ikhekhe lembewu. I-Protein enezinga eliphezulu yembewu yekhekhe le hemp iyashiyeka. Iprotein ephezulu yekhekhe le hemp lingayenza isidlo se protein ekutyeni kwezilwanyana zase khaya nmfuyo. Ukutya kwe hemp kune protein, iron, magnesium, ne manganese, kunye namazinga aphezulu we fibre encedayo ne amino acidsezidingekayo.
Imbewu ye Hemp isetyenziswa njenge bhedi yentaka kunye nakwimixube yembewu. Iyasetyenziswa njengomnatha weentlanzi, xa isetyenziswa njengomnatha weentlanzi, imbewu ye hemp ifakwa emanzini iphekwe de iqalise ukuqhekeka. Intwanana ye oli yembewu ye hemp iyafakwa apho emveni koko ihemp isetyenziswa njengo mnatha emazantsi.
I-Hemp nje Khemikhali Ekutyeni
Ngenyanga ka January kunyaka ka 2019, izixeko ezingama 40 kwelase USA ziye zavunyelwa ukufunda okokuba ingaba ihemp ingakwazi na ukusetyenziswa njengokutya kwezilwanyana. Kugutywa iinkozo ze hemp, ipelethi okanye i-oli ye hemp inikezwe njenge sincedisi sempilo.
Nangona i-US Agricultural Improvement Act ka 2018 ithe yandisa imveliso ye hemp esemthethweni ngapha kokuba iphelele kumaziko wemfundo ephakamileyo kuphela kunye ne ofisi zika rhulumente, umthetho uhlomli ngokusetyenziswa kwe hemp njenge khemikhali. Lilonke ukusetyenziswa kwe hemp njengokutya kwezilwanyana akuvumelekanga.
Ngenyanga ka Septemba ngo 2019 kuchazwe okokuba iqela elisebenza ngokutyiwa kwe hemp lase US lisenbenzisana ne FDA - Center for Veterinary Medcine ukuvula iintengiso ezintsha zokusebenzisa ihemp njengokutya kwizilwanyana.
Ngonyaka ka 2018, idyunivesithi yase Sweden yathelekisa ihemp seed cake (emveni kokufunxwa kwe oli ebandayo) nokudla kwe soya njengokutya kwe protein ekutyeni kwamathole asemancinci. Iziphumo zibonakalise ukukhula okulinganayo kodwa ukutya bekucoleka ngcono esiswini nge hemp seed cake.
Kuvavanyo lwase Canada lwango 1998, ihemp yavavanywa nge gusha ukususa ukutya kwe canola obunobushushu ngo 20% kukutya okomileyo okungena bungozi ngokwempilo okanye izinongo.
Isifundo, esisasazwe ngo 2012 kwi Poultry Science, sichaze okokuba xa iinkukhu bezityiswe ukutya okuno 20% wembewu ye hemp, amaqanda aye asinde kwaye abenamazinga aphezulu we omega 3 fatty acids.
Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie