Ku Byala
Chive yi byariwa kusuka eka mbewu. Swimilani na marhanga swinga avanyisiwa kutani swibyariwa hindlela leyi mbewu yi byarisiwaka xiswona.
Mabyalelo
Ku byariwa eka mapurasi lawakulu switala kuva swiendliwa hiku byariwa ka mbewu ensinwini kumbe ku byariwa swimilani swa chive. Mbewu yibyariwa eka vuenti bya kwalomu ka 1.5 millimetres. Mbewu ya chive yimila kutani yi humelela kwalomu ka nkombo kuya eka khume wa masiku naswona swimilani swinga simuriwa swiya byariwa ensin’wini endzhaku ka mune kuya eka ntlhanu wa mavhiki.
Loko mbewu yi byariwe Kunene ensin’wini, swa tsundzuxiwa leswaku ku byariwa mbewu yotala hikambirhi kutlula leyi languteriweke kutani ku tsuvuleriwa swimilani loko swilaveka. Ku byala loku ku endliwa hi michini yo byala kumbe hi voko, kuya hi vukulu bya ndzhawu leyi ku byariwaka eka yona.
Xipesi
Byala swimilani swa chive eka xipesi xa kwalomu ka15 cm hiku hambana eka mintila leyinga kwalomu ka 20 cm hiku hambana. Lexi i xitandi lexingana kwalomu ka 400 000 wa swimilani swa chive hi hectare. Tindlela ta switirhisiwa na teretere tifanele ku siyiwa leswaku kutava na vulawuri bya kahle xikan’we na ntshovelo.
Nkarhi Wo Byala
Byala mbewu ya chive emasin’wini ekusunguleni ka nguva ya ximun’wani kumbe xixikani. EAfrika Dzonga kutava ekusunguleni ka nhweti ya September kumbe April. Kubyariwa ka swimilani swa chive swinga endliwa hiwona nkarhi walowo. Swimilani leswinga kona swinga avanyisiwa kutani swiya byariwa.
Nkarhi Wokula
Van’wamapurasi lavakulu vasungula ku tshovela matluka ya chive lawa ya tsakamaka kusukela loko swimilani swiri na ntlhanu kuya eka ntsevu wa mavhiki kusukela loko swibyariwile. Swimilani swa chive swinga tshoveriwa kuringana malembe yambirhi kumbe yanharhu. Van’wana van’wamapurasi lavakulu vatlhela vabyala swimilani lembe rin’wani na rin’wani.
Ku Nonisa
Loko kungase byariwa, swikombiso swa misava swifanele ku tekiwa kutani swirhumeriwa kuya endliwa vulavisisi. Leswi swita humesela erivaleni muxaka wa misava xikan’we na swilaveko swa swakudya eka swibyariwa leswi lavaka ku byariwa.
Ku kuma vuleteri, switsundzuxo leswi landzelaka swinga tirhisiwa loko kungari na swikambelo swa misava. Kunga cheriwa 300 kg ya 3:1:5 leyinga haxiwaka kutani yikatsiwa na misava yale henhla ya kwalomu ka 15 cm kuya eka 20 cm ya misava loko kungase byariwa.
Leswi swita nyika swimilani leswintshwa matimba yaku mila kahle. Swikahle swinene ku veka tihlo eka kukula kutani ku tekiwa xiboho xakuva ku cheriwa nitrogen yin’wana ku pfuneta kukula. Nhlayo leyi fanaka ya swononisa (fertigation) yinga cheriwa hiku tirhisa ncheleto wa drip endzhaku kaloko mbewu yi mirile naswona swimilani switlhavile. Nonisa hiku chela 250 Kg hi hectare ya LAN endzhaku ka ntshovelo wun’wana na wun’wana.
Ncheleto
Van’wamapurasi votala lavakulu va tsakela ku vekela ncheleto wa drip tani hileswi kunga ndlela yo antswa swinene yaku veka tihlo eka vulawuri bya ndzhongho eka misava. Swimilani swa chive aswifanelanga kuva swicheletiwa kutlula mpimo, naswona misava yifanele ku pfumeleriwa ku oma kutani yi cheletiwa nakambe.
Ku humelerisa matluka lawa yatsakamaka, tiyisisa leswaku ximilani xi cheletiwa kuringanela. Unga cheleti kutlula mpimo hikuva leswi swinga vanga vuvabyi bya marhanga kumbe matluka ya hlaseriwa hi vuvabyi. Swinga leswi, swina nkoka swinene ku vekela switirhisiwa leswi pimaka kumbe kuveka tihlo eka ndzhongho eka misava nkarhi hinkwawo.
Kuya hi muxaka wa misava xikan’we na maxelo, ncheleto wa kahle wule xikarhi ka 25 na 30 mm hi vhiki laha laha ku cheletiwaka kan’we hinkarhi wa tinhweti leti kufumelaka ta ximumu kutani ku hungutiwa ncheleto eka tinhweti letinga hola kumbe hi tinhweti ta timpfula ta lembe.
Misava leyi khomaka mati yinga cheletiwa endzhaku ka mavhi yambirhi yan’wana na yan’wana. Ringeta ku papalata ku cheleta loko kulava kusungula ntshovelo kambe unga cheleta loko ku hela ntshovelo leswaku uta vuyelerisa ndzhongho loko u lava leswaku swimilani switlhela swivuyerisa mihandzu nakambe.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni