iHemp (Cannabis sativa) yinhlanyelo yamandvulo lengatfolakali kahle lelinywe mhlabawonkhe iminyaka kwentela kufaka tikhatsi tasemkhatsini wa 20 mandvulo. Ngemnyaka wa 1930 kuya ku 40 iyalinywa nje ngekungafunwa ngenca yemitsetfo leyakala kulinywa kwe hemp kanye nekusentjentiswa kwetintfo te hemp.
Emafibre ehemp asetjentiselwa emayadi lacinile, kwakha emayadi kanye nemaphepha. Tinhlavu te hemp tifaka tigaba letiphakeme te antioxidant, emafutsa we esidi, emamineral kanye nemavitamin sibe lesitjalo sona sisita kugucula umhlabatsi. Itsi le oyili ye hemp, letsetfwe kumbe kuletinhlavu noma kuletintfo tesitjalo, isetjentiswa ekudleni, ekunakekeleni sikhumba, tintfo te litiko kanye nemitsi.
Yini iHemp
iHemp yelitiko kany enensangu (lokuphindze kwatiwe 'njengeligwayi’) kutinhlanyelo letehlukene telicembu linye, iCannabis sativa. iHemp inetintfo letiphansi te euphoric cannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) kanye netintfo te THC tingu 0.3% (w/w) noma ngaphansi. Ngenca yetigaba letiphansi te THC, le hemp ayinako kusebenta kwekuhlanya kwensangu. CBD, lemelele kokubili le hemp kanye nensangu, yintfo lehlangene lesetjentiswa ekwelapheni timo temitsi letifana nesifo sekuwa kanye nesifo se Parkinson.
iHemp ngulekhula ngekushesha, emacembe laluhlata lahluma acondze lanemacembe lasihlanu kuya kulasikhombisa. Sitjalo lesingatfolwa kahle lesilinyelwa tinhlavu taso kanye ne fibre. I-Fibre ye hemp isetjentiswa kubantfu kanye nakukula kwetilwane. Letinhlavu letiphidze tisetjentiswe kutsatsa iomega-levutsiwe ya oyili we hemp lesetjentiswa kumalubricant, buhlungu, inki, emaplasitiki kanye netintfo tekugcobisa letifana nekwekugeza kanye netinsipho. Lolokusele kwaletintfo ta oyili lotsetfwe (ku oyili welikhekhe le hemp) tivutsiwe ngamprotein futsi tingasetjentiswa ekudleni kwetilwane noma iflour ye hemp lecengiwe yemaprotein lasetulu kwentela kudla kwebantfu.
Umkhicito weMhlaba we Hemp
Umkhiciti lomkhulu losetulu mhlabawonkhe we hemp bekusolo kuyiChina. Empeleni, loko kwekucala lokwabhalwa kwekusetjentisa kwe hemp kwabase China ngeminyaka ya 300 AD. Ne hemp yentsengo yekulima seyichubeke ngaphandle nekubhekana nemitsetfo. Lokusetjentiswa kakhulu kwe hemp eChina kwakwentelwa kudla kanye ne fibre (kwentela emayadi) kanye nekusita sive kutsi siphile ngesikhatsi sekushoda kwekudla. Kuyacatjangwa kutsi iChina inemahekitha ehemp langetulu kwe Tigidzi Letilikhulu.
Umkhicito wase Canada wemahemp wakhuphuka nga 80% emkhatsini wemnyaka wa 2016 na 2017 kuya kumahekitha latinkhulungwane letimashumi lasihlanu nesitfupha. iCanada ibuke ekutsatfweni kwe oyili, imphuphu yemaprotein ehemp kanye nemacembe etinhlavu te hemp (inhlitiyo ye hemp). Le United States seyengete katsatfu ngemkhicito wema hemp kusukela ekuhambeki kwemlimi 'Farm Bill' ngemnyaka wa 2018, lokuvumela lenhlanyelo yekutsengiswa kwe hemp. Umkhicito we oyili ye CBD nguwona mkhicito wase USA we hemp.
Labanye bakhiciti be hemp labasetulu emhlabeni yi France (ayivalangwa), iChile (kuhlanyela ngalokungatiwa kuyavunyelwa) ne North Korea (lengazange imiswa). iNorth Korea ihluma ihemp ngesikali selitiko, kepha lokuhlangana kwensangu yecannabis kungajeziswa ngekufa.
Kukalelwa eKulimeni iHemp
eNingizimu Afrika, lokulinywa kwe hemp solo kuwela ngaphansi kwe mtsetfo we cannabis ngakoke solo kutsatfwa njengentfo lephatsako - kute umehluko kusuka kunsangu, kusho Gill Staniland lilunga lekusungula iCannabis Industry Development Cooperative of the Western Cape (CDCWC). Le CDCWC yinhlangano lebukete silinganiso semitsetfo kusayensi kanye nakulwati lwetitjalo te cannabis kanye nemikhicito yato.
Akusiko eNingizimu Afrika kuphela lapho khona lomkhicito we hemp ukaleke khona, akusiko ngoba hulumende anganaki. Tifundvo tase Canada takhokha ngemnyaka wa 2015, kwakhomba kutsi kulingania lokuningi etindzaweni tekukhicita ihemp. Loku kufaka kuvetwa esiveni kabi, ngetulu kwemitsetfo lekaliwe kanye nelwati lolungakeneli.
eUSA, lomkhicito ukalekile ngenca yemtsetfo lobambile phindze etigodzini letine letise US, lomkhicito we hemp awukho kahle emtsetfweni. Letinye tintfo letikalako kubhadla, kukhokhela kulima ihemp. Balimi base US bangenisa tinhlavu kusuka eEurope nase Canada
Translated by Phindile Malotana