iHemp - inhlobo lephansi ye Cannabis sativa lenesigaba lesiphansi se cannabinoid iTHC - ngulevundziswa ngumoya, sitjalo lesikhokha licembe ngemnyaka lelinemphandze. Ihlanyelelwa umkhicito wayo wemafibre lamadze etindvwangu, tinhlavu te hemp te oyili kanye naletinye tidzingo.
Ngaphansi kwetimo letitsite, kuhluma kwehemp kumalanga lamatsatfu kuya kulasihlanu. Ngulekhula ngekushesha, kahle idzinga tinsuku letingaba likhulu nemashumi lamabili kutsi ikhule, kungaba ngaphansi kwesimo lesifutfumele kanye nalesikhanyako. Lokukhokha kwetinhlavu kanye ne biomass (emahlanga kanye nemacembe) kungaphansi etimeni letimunyama naletipholile.
iHemp yinhlanyelo lesetulu ngekukhokha oyili lomuningi kunemantongomane phindze ifike kutindlela letine ngangeliphepha kunetihlahla letikunani lelilinganako lendzawo. iHemp ingaphidze ilinywe ngendlela yekumantiswa (kulima lokusebentisa emanti kanye nemanutrients lamcoka, hhayi umhlabatsi).
Emalungiselelo eMhlabatsi Kwentela iHemp
iHemp ihluma kahle emhlabatsini lodvonsiwe lone pH emkhatsini wa 6 na 7.5 lonetintfo letincane letiphila kiwo letiningi - cishe 3.5%. Loshonako, umhlabatsi welibumba lodvonseke kabi awulungeli kantsi nemhlabatsi wematje udzinga kuniselwa kanye nekuvundziswa kumbe hhayi ngetemnotfo.
Emalungiselelo emibhedze yetitjalo abalulekile; lecinile nalemile ilungele ngendlela yekuhlela sitjalo setinhlavu te hemp letisemkhatsini wemasentimitha lamabili kuya kulamatsatfu ngekushona. iHemp iyincelencele esitfwatfweni ngesikhatsi ihluma phindze idzinga emanti ngesikhatsi semaviki ekucala lasitfupha ngemuva kwekuhlanyelwa.
Kuvundziswa kwe hemp kumele kubekeke ngekuhlolwa kwemhlabatsi, kepha nje kahlekahle, lokungetwa kwenitrogen, ipotassium, iphosphorus kanye ne sulphur kuyecwayiswa. iCalcium kumele ingabi ngetulu kwe tinkhulungwane letisitfupha.
Ihlanyelwa Nini iHemp
Njengoba kushiwo kutiko Lwakhansela weLucwalingo lweTekulima indzawo yenhlanyelo, lesitjalo se hemp siyincelencele kulusuku lolufisha ngebubanti. Ecinisweni, lusuku lwekuhlanyela lubalulekile kwentela kulinganisa umkhicito we fibre ye hemp.
iHemp idzinga luhlobo lolufutfumele loludze kanye nelilanga lelibanti lelisemkhatsini wemahora lalishumi nakune nelishumi nesitfupha. Lusuku lwekusheshe kuhlanyelwe lelifana nenyanga yeMphala kuya kunyanga yeLweti eEastern Cape nase Western Cape kungakhokha umphumela etitjalweni letiphakeme ngekukhokha ifibre. Tinsuku letimfisha tibanga kuphuma ngekushesha kwetimbali phindze nekuncipha kwekuhluma kwemacembe, lengengucuko kwakha umkhicito lowehlile we fibre.
Kuhlanyela iHemp ngeBubanti
Kuvulwa kwetikhala kanye nelinani letitjalo (tingakhi tinhlavu lekumele tihlanyelwe endzaweni letsite) tintfo letibalulekile ekukhiciteni iHemp ngoba tikhutsata kukhula, umkhicito we biomass kanye nekukhokha kwe fibre kwesitjalo se hemp, kusho iARC. Linani leliphakeme letinhlavu kanye nekuvulwa kwetikhala emkhatsini wemilayini kungakhokha titjalo-letikhula tibe tindze letingakhokha emafibre lamadze kanye netinhlavu letiphansi. Kuhlanyela ngebubanti kanye nekushona kukhonjwa yinhlobo ye hemp, i.e oyili, ifibre noma tinhlanvu. Njengekutsi, kushona kwemkhicito wetinhlavu letindze, European, tidzingo letikabili tekuhlanyela tingephansi kwenhlanyelo ye oyili yetinhlavu te hemp.
Tilwanyana Kanye neTifo te Hemp
iHemp imelula kutsi ihlume ngekwayo. Idzinga letimbalwa umangabe tilwanyana njengoba ihluma ngekushesha phidze ikhange tilwanyana letimbalwa. Ecinisweni, lenhlanyelo ibulala lelinye likhula, igeza umhlabatsi futsi ilungele kuguculwa kwenhlanyelo, ngenca yesivuno sayo lesimfisha lesihambela kutinsuku letilikhulu nemashumi lamabili.
iHemp ingalinywa njengenhlanyelo leguculwako netinhlanyelo temabhontjisi letifana nawo, iwheat kanye ne lucerne kwentela kuvikela ipathogen kanye nekwakheka kwetifo. Sifundvo sase Canada, nomakunjalo, sikhomba kutsi le hemp kumele ingahlanyelwa ngemuva kwe canola, emabhontjisi noma bhekeni ngenca yengoti yeluhlanga kwe Sclerotinia lebolako (umuhlwa lomhlophe).
Kuvunwa Kwe Hemp
Kuvunwa kwe hemp kwentela le fibre yayo kumelula kunekuvunwa kwe hemp kwentela tinhlavu tayo. Kuvuna ihemp lehlanyelelwe ifibre yayo, kufaka kusetjentiswa kwentela kuvuna inhlanyelo ledliwako kungasetjentiswa, lekahlekahle kusebenta kahle ngaphandle kwekulungiswa lokukhulu.
Lisikela lelicondzile ngulona lilungele kuvuna ihemp kwentela kufaka emayadi. Loku kufaka lamahlanga emacembe, lalele kahle phindze ahleleke kahle emhlabatsini. iHybines ayisebenti kahle ngesikhatsi lamahlanga agocene. Juba kungabi kufisha nemasentimitha lalishumi ngetulu kwemhlabatsi longetulu.
iHemp (kwentela umkhicito wetinhlavu) ilungele kuvunwa ngesikhatsi letinhlavu setomile phindze letinhlavu natisakatekile. Sitfwatfwa singasita lenchubo yekomisa futsi, nekuvuna kungacala emalangeni lambalwa ngemuva kwesitfwatfwa. Linani lekukhokha lwa 750kg ku hekitha liyatfolwa eCanada.
Imvumo yekuHlanyela iHemp
Balimi be hemp eNingizimu Afrika bangenisa tinhlavu futsi badzinga imvumo lebalulekile kwentela kuvumela lokungeniswa kwe ‘ntfo legadziwe’. Imvumo yetinhlavu ikhokhwa Litiko lwe Tekulima, neMahlatsi kanye Nekudvweba (DAFF). Bavumeleke kutsi bahlanyele lesitjalo lesinesitifiketi lesivunyiwe lesingaphansi kwa 0.1% we THC. Letinhlavu titfolwa kusuka eRepublic yase Czech, eSpain, eUSA nase France.
Lemvulo yekuhlanyela le hemp eNingizinmu Afrika kwamanje yentisa ngapansi ‘kwe lucwalingo’ futsi ayikavumeleki kumkhicito wentsengo we hemp. Balimi be hemp kumele bangenise ticelo tekucwalinga neticelo tabo. Emaphapha lagcwaliswako angatfolwa kusuka Tiko Lemvumo neMtsetfo weMkhicito loYimphilo wase Ningizimu Afrika (SAHPRA) emahhovisini futsi kutobita R902 (2019).
eCanada, balimi be hemp labadzinga imvumo kutsi balime le hemp kumele bafake iGPS yalamakona emkhicito we hemp endzaweni, umdvwebo wemkhicito we hemp endzaweni ukhomba kumakwa emigwaceni, lelibito le hemp inhlobo letolinywa phindze ihlolwe ngemaphoyisa.
Translated by Phindile Malotana