Amafeya, ngomunye umhlobo wokudla othandwa khulu sokudla iinthelo begodu adliwa afretjhi, onyisiweko nanyana nakasetjenziselwa ukwenza amajemu, chutney kanye nama-desserts. Ikhiqizwa eenarheni ezingaphezu kweziyi-50, begodu ikhula kuhle endaweni efuthumeleko kanye neyomileko eSewula Africa.
Mvanje, amafeya wombala onzima sele athandwa khulu, ithekunoloji yokuwapholisa sele irhelebhe ngokobana yenze bona ahlale iskhathi eside evikilini angaboli, begodu ukurhweba ngawo ngokobana asiwe eenarheni ezingaphandle ngesphaphamtjhini, esele kurholele ekobaneni kuragelwe phambili ngokobana kukhiqizwe imikhiqizo ethunyelwa eenarheni zangaphandle hlangana kwenyanga yakaSinyikhaba ukuya kuNobayeni nahlangana nenyanga kaSihlabantangana noMrhayili.
Imaraga yamafeya amancani abuya eSewula Africa, kanye nemihlobohlobo ye-Evita (Great Parisian), nazo sele zikhula.
Umlando wamaFeya
Amafeya avela e-Western Asia begodu umtlhala wawo ubuya eminyakeniyabo-5000 B.C. Asabalala nenkhambi athulwa e-UK, China kanye ne-Europe ngeminyaka yabo-1500s.
Ngeminyaka yabo-1800 atjalwa emaplasini kanye nengandini zeSewula Africa kodwana akhange atjalwa ngomcopho wokwenza inzuzo kwaze kwaba ngonyaka ka-1900. Ngonyaka ka-1910 u-Piet Cillliers waletha imethiriyali yokutjala ebuya enarheni yange-Carlifonia, watjala amafeya ngomncopho wokwenza inzuzo eplasini e-Wellington esifundeni sanga-Western Cape. Ibubulo lamafeya ekuthomeni khabe ligcile ekomiseni amafeya kanye nekwenzeni ijemu ngawo, lapha ijemu gade yenziwa ngomcopho wokwenza inzuzo kanye namafeya ahlaza alungisiweko.
Kuthome ngonyaka ka-2000 kobana kukhiqizwe amafeya adliwako afretjhi eSewula Africa athunyelwe e-UK kanye nemavikili asenarheni ze-Europe.
Amafeya Akhiqizwa Eenarheni zangaPhandle
Kukhiqizwa amatani adlula i-1 million wamafeya eenarheni ezidlula eziyi -50 ephasini loke. Inarha ekhiqiza amafeya amanengi yi-Turkey, ekhiqiza i-26% yamafeya ephasini loke. Umhlobo abawukhiqiza khulu yi-‘Black Bursa’ ekulifeya elineskhumba esinzima, elingaboli msinya. Inarha ye-Turkey ngiyo ekhiqiza amafeya onyisiweko amanengi.
Ezinye iinarha ezikhiqiza amafeya e-Africa yiGibhide, Algeria, Tunisia kanye ne-Morocco nenarha ye-Syria, USA, Brazil, Spain kanye ne-Iran.
Iindawo Ezikhiqiza Amafeya eSewula Africa
I-Sewula Africa inamahekuthara wamafeya atjalwe ngomncopho wokwenza inzuzo ngonyaka ka-2019 ayi-222.
Ihlobo elifuthumeleko nelomileko lesifunda seKharu eyomileko, lena bona amafeya arhone ukufuthwa, kodwana amafeya weSewula Africa atjalwa eemfundeni ezahlukahlukeneko. Ekubalwa hlangana nazo indawo ye-Swartland (Porterville, Riebeek Valley, Malmesbury kanye ne-Hermon), Paarl Worcester, Napier kanye ne-Overberg kanye ne-Klein Karoo (Kammanassie eduze kwe-Oudtshoorn kanye ne-Prince Albert).
Idorobha le-Bonnievale likhiqiza amafeya ahlaza - abizwa bona ma-breba - bawakhiqizela ukuwagcina begodu kunentjalo zawo esifundeni se-Rustenburg, Brits kanye ne-Magaliesberg. Ukonyiswa kwamafeya womhlobo we-‘White Genoa’ kanye ne-‘Adam’ fig kwenziwa e-Prince Albert
Iskhathi Sokukhiqiza Amafeya
Iskhathi sokukhiqiza amafeya eSewula Africa sithoma ngoSinyikhaba lapha kuvunwa khona amafeya womhlobo we-breba kuze kufike inyanga kaNobayeni phakathi. Amafeya womhlobo we-Breba amila eendidini zeskhathi esidlulileko. Imihlobo yamafeya ethela msinya yi-Adam, ‘White Genoa’ and ‘Dauphine’.
Isivuno samafeya esiqakathekileko senziwa ngoTjhirhweni lapha kuvunwa khona i-Ronde de Bordeaux, ukuthomeni kwakaTjhirhweni ukuya kuNtaka, bese kuthi lada kuvunwe i-Tangier kusukela ngoTjhirhweni ukuya kuMhlolanja. Iskhathi sawo siphela ngokobana kuvunwe i-Parisian, nayo ethoma phakathi kwakaTjhirhweni iphele ngoSihlabantangana.
Ukuthengiswa kwamaFeya eSewula Africa
Ngokuya ngokomnyango we-Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) umkhiqizo opheleleko wamafeya afretjhi eSewula Africa amatani ayi-2 000 qobe nyaka ukusukela ngonyaka ka-20132014 ukuya ngo-2017/2018. Kiwo, yi-10% kwaphela ethengiswa ifretjhi, eemarageni ze-Sewula Africa kanye ne-12% - 13% alungisiweko.
Ngokuya ngokwe-Hortgro, iSewula Africa ithumela amatani ayi-380 yamafeya esikhathini sawo ngonyaka ka-2017/2018, i-0.12 ymafeya wephasi. Iinarha ezithola amafeya athunyelwe yi-Sewula Africa yi-UK, Hong Kong kanye ne-Netherlands.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana