Ukupruna Irharinandi
Amarharinadi akhula emthini olihlatjhana (ongaba mamitha amabili ukuya kwasithandathu) emthini onesiqu sesinye. Tjheja uqiniseke bona umuthi lo uhlala unobude obuhlangana kwemamitha amabili ukuya kwayi-2,5 m ngombana kubalula ukusebenza kilo. Lokha nawutjala umuthi omutjha werharinadi kufanele abelimi bazi bona ukusebenza kilo iskhathi esiyi-80% kwenziwa ngaphandle kwelere u-Jorrie Mulder oyi-technical advisor wehlangano ye-Pomegranate Producer’s Association of South Africa - POMOSA upha isiyeleliso.Imithi eneziqu ezinengi werharinadi uvuthwa sinya begodu esikhathini esinengi ubanamagatja athela iinthelo esiqwini sinye kulula ukususa ezinye iziqu kilo. Imithi eneziqu ezinengi kanye naleyo enesiqu sinye ikhiqiza inani elifanako lesthelo.
Ukupruniwa kwesthelo kufaka hlangana ukususwa kwestjalo esele sikhule khulu,nanyana ukususwa kwamagatja waso.
Ukuze uthole ijamo olifunako kanye nobude obufunako ethini kufanele uwuprune ehlobo Ukobana ingaphakathi lomuthi lihlale livulekile (kobana ilanga lizokurhona ukungena kuhle uphungule nomswakama).
Ukuphungulwa Kwenthelo Zerharinandi
Zintathu iinzuzo ezilethwa kusekela umuthi werharinadi:
Kuphungul ukobana isthelo sngoniwa mumoya. Isethelo somuthi osekelweko akusikanengi singahlikihla esinye lokha nakunomoya.
Isthelo asitjhiswa khulu liilanga. Ukusekela istjalo serharinadi kuvumela amagatja bona akhule ngendlela yokobana isthelo sivikelwe makari.
Ukusekela istjalo serharinadi kungezelela indawo lapha isthelo singakhulela khona.
Ukuphungulwa Kwenthelo
Iinthelo zerharinadi zihluma kusukela Ku-September ukuya kuSinyikhaba, okutjho bona isthelo sizokuvuthwa ngengaba begodu sizokuvunwa iinkhathi ezimbalwa. Umuthi ohlume msinya ukhiqiza iinthelo ezikulu.Iinthelo ezinengi emthini zenza bona iinthelo zomuthi werharinadi ezilandelako zingabi zihle. Ukobana lokhu kungenzeki susa amagatja amanengi werharinadi ngemva kokobana ithele.
Kuqakathekile godu ukususa amagatja werharinadi akhula ngenchenyana-susa isthelo esincani. Ukuhlangana kwenthelo kwenze bona zingenwe malwelwe kanye nenunwana. Susa nenthelo ezonakeleko nanyana ezisbaga.
Ukutjhiswa Kwerharinadi Lilanga
Izinto ezilandelako zingenziwa ukukhandela ukobana iinthelo zingatjhiswa lilanga:
Ukulithelelela nokulivundisa kulawula.
Faka izinto ezizokwenza bona lingatjhiswa lilanga.
Ukutlhogonyelwa Kwentjalo Zerharinadi
Alisilinengi irhubhululo elenziwe eSewula Africa ngenunwana namalwelwe atjhwenya irharinadi, kodwana iintjalo ezitja ezimbalwa sele zitloliswe kobana zizokusetjenziswa hlangana konyaka ka-2014 kanye newaka-2018. Umnyako wezokulima we-Western Cape sele usungule iskhwama semali sokusekela ihlelweli. Esele lirhelebhe ukungezelela ukungeniswa kwerharinadi enarheni le. Ngomana sele livule iimaraga ezitja zerharinadi leSewula Africa.Iinunwana ezitjhwenya irharinadi yi-false codling moth. Ezinye yi-aphids, mealy bug, scale, fruit fly kanye ne-thrips. Thrips eyona iskhumba eyenza bona sibharase.
Amalwelwe aqakathekileko werharinadi yi-botrytis, Alternaria, Phytophtera kanye ne-bacterial.
Imiraro elibamba ngaphakathi kubalwa hlangana ukugamuka phakathi, ukubharasa kwesthelo, ukulimala kwalo kanye nesthelo esingakakheki kuhle. Eskhathini esinengi, iinthelo ezonakeleko zisuswa lisese sengadini okwenza bona kungasabamraro lokha nalipakwako.
Umraro werharinadi kuvuleka kwesthelo esivuthiweko ekona i-50% yesivuno. Ukusithelelela kanye nokusivundisa kungaqeda umraro lo.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana