Ibizo lesayensi: Cucumis Sativus L
Ibizo elijwayyelekileko: Cucumber
I-cucumber ikhiqizwa ngomncopho wokwenza inzuzo, eSewula Africa, endaweni evulekileko kanyenakuma-greenhouse. Umthetho kukobana abakhiqizi abakhulu be-cucumber ekwenziwa ngayo ezinye izinto yenziwa emadlelweni avulekileko kuthi ama-cucumber adliwa afretjhi akhiqizwe kuma-greenhouse, ngombana lokhu kuvumela bona barhone ukuwakhiqiza unyaka woke ukuqiniseka bona bawathole ngaso soke isikhathi.
I-cucumber yincenye yomndeni we-Cucurbitaceae, njengomgade, ikhabe, i-cantaloupe kanye ne-squash.
Ama-cucukber kuqatjangwa bona avela enarheni ye-Asia kanye nakwezinye incenye zepumalanga ye-Southeast Asia.
Ukutlhadlhulwa Kwestjalo
Iintjalo ze-cucumber zisitjalo esirharhabako nanyana esirangako, begodu lokha nasingakatholi isigodo esingaragela kiso singavala indawo ekulu phasi. Istjalwesi sinamakari ahlaza satjani okungeneleleko anoboya akheke inga ngunqantathu. Istjalwesi sisekelwe mrabhu oqinileko okhula ube yimitha yinye nanyana imirabhu eminengi yaso isehlabathini engaphezulu eyi-30 cm. Istjalwesi sikhiqiza amathuthumbo aduna nasikazi asarulana ngombala. Kuthoma kuvele ithuthumbo eliduna kulandele elisikazi. Ithuthumbo elisikazi livela ngaphasi kwethuthumbo, ekuthi ngokukhamba kwesikhathi itjhuguluke ibe sthelo. Kuhluma amathuthumbo aduna alisuma qobe ithuthumbo linye elisikazi.Imihlobo emibili yamathuthumbo yi-cucumber ejwayelekileko ekhiqiza isthelo esi-stubby esiyi-20 cm ngobude kanye ne-English cucumber ekhula ibehlangana kwe-30 kanye ne-40 cm ngobude. Ubude be-cucumber ejwayelekileko esele ilungele ukukhiwa ingaba hlangana kwe-4 ukuya ku-40 cm ngobude.
Ukusetjenziswa Kwayo
I-English cucumber isetjenziselwa khulu njengokudla okufretjhi nanyana idliwa ifretjhi njengesaladi ngebanga lokobana izele amanzi begodu ineskhumba esithambileko. I-cucumber ejwayelekileko idliwa ifretjhi kodwana iyakelwa ngebanga lokobana ineskhumba esiqinileko begodu esitjhuqileko. I-cucumber ejwayelekileko ayinamanzi amanengi begodu isetjenziswa khulu ngokobana ivangwe nezinye izinto. Ama-cucumber akhiwa lokha asesemancani nanyana angakakhuli kuhle.I-cucumber ihlwengisa amathumbu ngaphakathi. Iphula i-uric acid begodu kuthiwa ilapha abantu abatjhwenywa bulwelwe bamathambo.
Iintlhogeko Zehlabathi kanye Nokulungiswa Kwayo
Istjalo se-cucumber sithanda ihlabathi eyisanda ekhipha amanzi ene-organic material eselevelini eliphezulu. I-pH yehlabathi kufanele ibe hlangana kwe-6 kanye ne-7.Thatha amasampula wehlabathi uyowahlolisa. Peta ihlabathi engaphezulu eyi-500 mm uyihlanganise nezakhimzimba ezitlhogekako ozithole lokha nakuhlolwa ihlabathi ukuqiniseka bona umrabhu uyangenelela ngokobana ihlabathi ikhipha amanzi.
Lungisa imibhede yembewu emvekeni ezine ngaphambi kobana utjale. Lokhu kuhlwengisa ihlabathi ekhuleni kanye nensaleleni zekhula nezentjalo zakade. Kuncono ukutjala imbewu yentjalo emibhedeni ephakameko evalwe ngetjhwaratjhwara enzima. Ngaphambi kokuvala imibhede leyo ngetjhwaratjhwara yivale nge-drip irrigation begodu uqiniseke bona ihlabathi ine-pH etlhogakalako kanye nesivundisi osifaka ngaphambi kokobana utjale, kobana usifakile ehlabathini yangaphezulu eyi-20 cm emareyini wentjalo ngehariga.
Ubujamo Bezulu
Ubujamo bezulu obomileko obunezulu kancani ngibo obuhle lokha nakukhiqizwa i-cucumber. Amazinga womtjhiso wehlabathi kutlhogeka bona abehlangana kwe-15°C ukuze iintjalo zibe zihle nanyana kobana zimile kuhle. Amazinga womtjhiso amahle wokobana itjalwesi sikhiqize amathuthumbo kanye nenthelo ngahlangana kwe-20°C kanye ne-24°C. Ukukhula kwentjalo okuhle kwenzeka hlangana kwe-26°C kanye ne-30°C. Iskhathi esihle esilingeneko sokobana i-cucumber ikhule sihlangana kwe-22°C kanye ne-28°C. Izinga eliphezulu lobuswe kanye nezulu elinengi alikalungi ngombana kugcugcuzela amalwelwe.Imihlobo Yawo
Kunemihlobo emakhulu yama-cucumber kanye nemibala yama-cucumber yemvelo neyokuzenzela. Isiqunto esihle ongasithatha lokha nawufuna ukuthoma ukukhiqiza ama-cucumber kukhiqiza lawo afunwa zimaraga. Thola isiyeleliso kubosiyazi nanyana kuma - extension officer, ebayelelelisini be-horticulture kanye nabosiyazi bembewu.Eminye imihlobo yayo: Ashley, Beit Alpha, Carmen, Cohiba Delft, Long White, Marketmore, Muncher, National, Polaris, Sorolla, Straight Eight, Telegraph, Trimax kanye ne-Zena.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana