Igama eliqhelekileyo: Cucumber
Icucumber ziveliselwa intengiso kweli lo Mzantsi Afrika, kwimihlaba evulekileyo nakwizindlu eziluhlaza (greenhouses). Umthetho ngowokuba abavelisi abakhulu be cucumber esetyenziswa kwezinye izinto zona zikhuliswa emasimini, ze ezityiwayo ziveliswe kwizindlu eziluhlaza, kuba oku kuvumela imveliso yonyaka wonke lula nje, kunceda nokuqinisekisa imveliso unyaka wonke.
Icucumber ikusapho lwe Cucurbitaceae, kananjalo ne thanga, watermelon, cantaloupe kunye ne squash.
Icucumber kudume okokuba zisuka eMzantsi we Asia kunye nakwindawo eziseMantla wo Mzantsi-Mpuma we Asia.
Inkcazelo Yesityalo
Isityalo se cucumber ngumthi onabayo, ngaphandle kwe kocingo lokuba yonyuke, iye ithabathe indawo enkulu phantsi. Isityalo sinamagqabi amakhulu aluhlaza ngombala aphantse ambhoxo ngobume. Isityalo sixhaswa sisikhondo esomeleleyo esinokuthi sikhule nge metre enye nangona inkoliso yengcambu eziluncedo singaphezulu kumhlaba ongama 30 cm wohlaba. Isityalo sivelisa iintyatyambo ezingamadoda nezingabafazi ezityheli. Kuqale kuvele iintyatyambo ezinga madoda ze kulandele ezingabafazi. Iintyatyambo ezingabafazi zinamaqanda okanye indawo ehlala amaqanda emazantsi wesityalo, ethi exesheni ibesisiqhamo esibubume be silinda. Kudubula iintyatyambo ezinga madoda ezilishumi (10) kwintyantyambo nganye engumfazi.Ezona ntlobo zimbini eziveliswayo ze cucumber ngumhlobo oqhelekileyo, ovelisa isiqhamo esi futshane esingama 20 cm ubude kunye ne English cucumber ezikhula phakathi ko 30 no 40 cm ubude. Ububanzi obuqhelekileyo be cucumber xa sele zilungele ukukhiwa ngu 4 ukuya ku 5 cm.
Imisebenzi
Uhlobo oluyi English cucumber lusetyenziswa kakhulu xa isentsha kwizidlo se saladi kuba inamazinga amanzi aphezulu kunye nesikhumba esithambileyo. I-Cucumber eqhelekileyo ingatyiwa isalungile kodwa kufuneka ixotyulwe kuba isikhumba sayo siqinile kwaye sikrakra kancinci. I-Cucumber eqhelekileyo inamanzi amancinci kwaye isetyenziswa kwimveliso ze cucumber. Icucumber zikhiwa zisencinci okanye zingeka vuthwa nje ngabantwana bemifuno.Icucumber iyachamisa kwaye icoca amathumbu acola ukutya. Inqunqa i-uric acid kwaye ilungile kwabo banesifo samathambo.
Izidingo Zomhlaba Nokuwu Lungisa
Isityalo se cucumber sithanda umhlaba okhamekileyo onesanti kodwa oxineneyo ophezulu kwi organic material. I-pH yomhlaba kufuneka ibephakathi 6 no 7.Thabatha iisampula zomhlaba uyokuzihlolisa. Khofola ususe ama 500 mm womhlaba ukuze kungene izinongo zomhlaba (nutrients) kunye ne organics ezifunekayo ngoko kuhlolwa komhlaba nokuqinisekisa iingcambu zinona kakuhle kwaye ziyawakhama amanzi.
Lungisa ibhedi yembewu iiveki ezine (4) phambi kokuba utyale. Oku kucoca umhlaba kususe ukhula kunye nesivuno esidala okanye ukhula oluseleyo. Kungcono ukutyala imbewu kwibhedi eziphakamileyo kancinci ezogqunywe ngeplastiki emnyama yoko gquma. Phambi koko gquma iibhedi, faka idriphu yoku nkcenkceshela uqinisekise umhlaba ukwizinga le pH elifunekayo kwaye isichumisi esifakwe phami kokutyala sifakiwe kuma 20 cm omhlaba kumqolo wesityalo nge disc harrow okanye cultivator.
Isimo Sezulu
Isimo sezulu esikwindawo ezomileyo (subtropical) ukuya kwisimo (tropical) zingcono kwimveliso ye cucumber. Ubushushu bomhlaba obungapha ko 15°C buyadingeka ukuze kuveliswe isityalo ezilinganayo esifanayo ngokudubula kwembewu. Obona bushushu kwimveliso yentyatymbo neziqhamo bu phakathi ko 20°C no 24°C. Okona kukhula kwemifuno kwenzeka phakathi ko 26°C no 30°C. Umlinganiselo olungileyo ngexesha lokukhula kwe cucumber ungaphakathi ko 22°C kunye no 2°C. Ukufuma okuphezulu nemvula enetha rhoqo azilunganga kuba zikhuthaza ukwanda kwezifo.Izilimo
Zingapha kwekhulu iintlobo ezahlukileyo zezilimo nemibala ye cucumber eyendalo kunye naleyo yofuzo. Eyona nto ingcono xa ugqibe ekuveliseni icucumber ngenjongo yokuzithengisa kukhulisa oko kufunwa ngabathengi. Fumana nengcebiso yalowo unguchwephesha kwabo basebenza ngezityalo, abacebisi bezolimo kunye nochwephesha bembewu.Ezinye iintlobo ze cucumber ethengiswayo nazi: Ashley, Beit Alpha, Carmen, Cohiba Delft, Long White, Marketmore, Muncher, Polaris, Sorolla, Straight Eight, Telegraph, Trimax kunye ne Zena.
Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie