Ukuyitjala
Itjalwa ngembewu.Iindlela Zokuyitjala
Amasimu avulekileko:Iindlela ejwayelekileko yokutjala i-cucumber kukobana itjalwe ngembewu okungenziwa ngezandla nanyana ngokusebenzisa imitjhini. Ingatjalwa godu ngokobana kutjalwe amaplantjisi wayo akhuliswe kuma-greenhouse.
I-Greenhouse:
Ukutjala i-cucumber kuma-greenhouse kwenziwa ngamaplantjisi nangembewu. Indlela engabiziko kokobana uzitjalele imbewu ngombana iindleko eziza ngokobana utjale amaplantjisi godu ziphezulu.
Iinkhundla
Iintjalo ze-cucumber ezitjalwe emasimini avulekileko kufanele zenzelwe iinkhundla eziyi-30 cm emareyini ayi-100 cm ngokuhlukana, lapha kutjalwa khona iintjalo eziyi-30 000 qobe li-hectare. Kungatjalwa iintjalo eziyi-40 000 qobe li-hectare.Iintjalo zecucumber ezitjalwe kuma-Greenhouse zenzelwa iinkhundla ezihlukaniswe nge-30 cm emareyini ahlukaniswe nge-120 cm. Lokhu kungaba zintjalo eziyi-30 000 qobe li-hectare. Ngaphasi kobunje ubujamo, kungatjalwa iintjalo ezifinyelela ku-60 000 qobe li-hectare. Kuqakathekile bona kufakwe amalerhe lokha kutjalwe iintjalo zahlanganiswa. Ngesinye isikhathi kufakwa umkhanyo wokuzenzela.
Isikhathi Sokutjala Nesokuvuna
Ngemva kokobana kuphele umbethe emasimini avulekileko kungatjalwa imbewu yama-cucumber angatjalwaa ngoRhoboyi ukuya ngo-September eSewula Africa.Ama-cucumber atjalwa kuma-greenhouse angatjalwa unyaka woke kwaphela nange athola umkhanyo owaneleko.
Isikhathi Sokuwakhulisa
Ukobana amile ngokulingana atlhoga bona ihlabathi ibenobujamo bomtjhiso ubuyi-16°C okungasenani. Amaplantjisi ayi-16°C wamaplantjisi we-cucumber athatha amalanga ayi-14 ukumila lapha ubujamo bezulu buyi-20°C amalanga ayi-6 ukuya kwayi-7. Ama-cucumber amancani kanye nama-gherkin alungile bona angakhiwa ngemva kwemveke eziyi-6 ukuya ku-8 ngemva kokobana amile. Ama-cucumber asele akhulile alungele ukungakhiwa ukusukela emvekeni ezibunane ukuya kwezilisumi ngemva kokobana amile. Ama-cucumber athuthuka msinya ngemva kokukhiwa nakhona nakakhiwe ngesikhathi.Ukuyivundisa
Kuhlala kumbono omuhle ukuthatha amasampula wendawo lapha uzokutjala khona uyihlole ihlabathi leyo begodu ulandele iinluleko oziphiwe ngusiyazi wentjalo.Ihlanganisela yemvundisi eziyi-3:1:5 ngehle khulu ngombana ama-cucumber atlhoga i-pottasium.Ngebanga lokobana i-drip irrigation ifanela bona ithelelelwe nge-drip irrigation indlela ehle yokufaka isivundisi kukobana ufake iphayiphi lokuthelelela. Lokhu kuvumela abatjali kobana bafake isivundisi emrajini ngaso soke isikhathi. I-mulching isetjenziswa bakhiqizi abanengi ukuqotha ikhula kufakwa iphayiphi lokuthelelela ngaphambi kokobana kwenziwe i-mulching.
Kuqakathekile bona nawulungiselela ukutjala ihlabathakho kokugcina ufake isivundisi sakho osifaka ngaphambi kokobana utjale esingaba yi-500 kg qobe li-hectare kanye ne-300 kg ye-superphosphate ku-hectare ngayinye endaweni ozoyitjala. Lokhu kuzokwenza bona amaplantjisakho athole i-nitrogen eyaneleko msinya.Kuqakathekile begodu ukutlama iintlhogeko zezakhi ozithole nawuhlola ihlabathi uzimadanise nentlhogeko zakho zehlabathi. Kuqakathekile bona istjalo sakho sibe nezakhi mzimba ezaneleko lokha nazihlumako. Nange zitlhoga izakhimzimba kungarholela ekutheni iinthelo zipholoje kulotjwe iinthelo.
Lokha iinthelo zithoma ukurhatjheka zenze isivini, faka enye i-250 kg ye-3:1:5 ku-hectare ngalinye emibhedeni yenjalo. Ngemva kwalokho, faka izakhimzimba ezifanako ngaphambi kokobana kufike isikhathi sokobana zikhiqize. Iimpreyi zokudla okuma-foliar zingabazinjamiseleli.
Iindlela ehle yokuvundisa usebenzisa isivundisi esimamanzi kukobana usifake lokha nawuthelelelako. Iimvundisi ezenziwe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali zihle nazo, ngombana zifaka izakhimzimba estjalweni.
Ukuthelelela
Ukufaka amanzi entjalweni kuqakathekile ukuze kuphume isivuno esihle njeke iskhathi sokugandeleleka ngokomkhumbulo kutlhogeka kobana singavunyelwa emasimini avulekileko njeke kungatlhogeka kobana bona uthelelele iintjalo zakho qobe ngemva kwamalanga amalanga amabili nanyana qobe lilanga. Ungathelelela ngokusebenzisa i-micro irrigation kanye ne-drip irrigation. Ungatheleleli nge-overhead sprinkler ngombana ukuthelelela soke isitjalo kwenya bona istjalwesi sibanjwe malwelwe nokobana sithambe khulu. Kuncono usebenzise I-drip irrigation ngombana yonga amanzi, inembile begodu iimvundisi zingafakwa ngendlela engiyo. Lokhu kwenza bona istjalo se-cucumber sithole yoke into esiyitlhogako. Ukufaka isingulo lokumeda ubuswe kuhle zlokha nawutjale isitjalo esizwelako esifana nalesi begodu kuvumela bona urhone ukumeda amanzi ngendlela engalethi ukugandeleka ngokomkhumbulo entjalweni.Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana