Ukusabalalisa
Ukusakazwa kwamakhukhamba kuvela enzalweni.Indlela Yokutshala
Insimu evuliwe:Indlela evame kakhulu yokutshala ukhukhamba yi-seeding ngqo futhi lokhu kungenziwa ngesandla noma ngabahleli bemishini. Ukutshala kuyenziwa nangokufakelwa kwezikhukhula noma izithombo zekhukhamba ezikhuliswe ezindlini zokugcina izithombo.
Indlu yokutshala:
Ukutshala ukhukhamba ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kwenziwa ngokubili ukutshala okuqondile nangokutshala ukufakelwa. Indlela eshibhile ukuhlwanyela imbewu njengoba izindleko zomsebenzi ezihlobene nokuguqula ziphakeme.
Isikhala
Izitshalo ze-ikhukhamba ezivulekile kufanele zihlukaniswe ngamasentimitha angama-30 emigqeni engama-100 cm eceleni. Lokhu kungu-30 000 izitshalo ngehektare. Kungatshalwa izitshalo ezingama-40 000 ngehektare.Izitshalo ze-cucumber zendawo yokushisa zihlukanisiwe ngamasentimitha angama-30 emigqeni engama-120 cm. Lokhu kungu-30 000 izitshalo ngehektare. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, izitshalo ezingafika ku-60 000 ngehektha ngalinye zingatshalwa. Ukukhanya okubalulekile kubaluleke kakhulu ekutshaleni okukhulu kwabantu. Ukukhanya okufakelwayo kubuye kusetshenziswe ngezinye izikhathi.
Isikhathi Sokuhlwanyela Nokutshala
Ukuhlwanyela insimu imbewu yekhukhamba kanye nezithombo kuzakuba ngemuva kweqhwa lokugcina, okungenzeka ukuthi lizophela ngo-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kuka-September eNingizimu Afrika.Ama-ukhukhamba abamba ukushisa angatshalwa unyaka wonke uma nje ukungenelela kokukhanya kukwanele.
Isikhathi Sokukhula
Ukuhluma okufanayo okuhle kudinga ukushisa kwenhlabathi kube okungenani ngu-16°C. Izitshalo zekhukhamba eziyi-16°C zithatha cishe izinsuku ezingu-14 ukuba zivele futhi zikwazi ukushisa kwenhlabathi ngama-20°C kuphela izinsuku ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-7 kuphela.Amakhukhamba amancane amancane kanye nama-gherkins alungele ukukhetha cishe amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8 emva kokuvela. Amakhukhamba amancane avuthiwe avuthiwe alungele ukukhethwa kusukela emavikini angu-8 ukuya kwangu-10 ngemuva kokuvela. Ukhukhamba ukhula ngokushesha emva kokukhethwa kokuqala ngakho ukukhetha kufanele kube njalo futhi ngesikhathi.
Umanyolo
Kuhlale kunconywa ukuthatha amasampula omhlabathi omele endaweni okuzotshala. Ingabe amasampuli ahlaziywe futhi alandele izincomo nguchwepheshe wezitshalo. Ingxube yomanyolo ka-3:1:5 ingenye yezinkamba ezinhle kakhulu ngenxa yemfuneko ye-Potassium yekhukhamba.Ngenxa yokuthi ukuchelela ukuchelela kungcono kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ikhukhamba indlela engcono yokusebenzisa umanyolo iwuhlobo lwe-fertigation (ukusetshenziswa komanyolo ngamanzi okunisela). Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi umlimi akhiphe umanyolo ngokuqondile endaweni yempande ngezikhathi ezithile Iqiniso lokuthi ukuhlanganiswa okusetshenziselwa abakhiqizi abaningi ukulwa nokhula, ukuchelela kuzovame ukufakwa ngaphambi kokuba kuhlanganiswe.
Kubalulekile lapho kwenziwa ukulungiswa kokugcina komhlaba kanye nomhlabathi wokufaka umquba wokutshala owu-pre-plant of about 500 kg we-3:1:5 ngehektha ngalinye kanye no-300 kg we-superphosphate ehektheleni ngalinye endaweni yesitshalo. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka izithombo nge nitrogen ngokwanele ukuze zisungulwe ngokushesha. Kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukusungula izidingo ze-micronutrient kusuka ekuhlaziyweni kwenhlabathi yakho bese ufanisa nalokhu okudingekayo kwezitshalo. Kubalulekile ukuthi isitshalo sinomsoco okwanele uma singena ezimbali nezimbali. Uma ukwehluleka kwenzeka lokhu kuholela ekukhipha isisu kanye nokulahlekelwa kwezitshalo.
Lapho lesi sitshalo siqala ukusabalalisa bese sakha umvini, i-250 kg yezingu-3:1:5 ngehektha ngalinye ingaba yilezi zambatho ezigqoke eceleni kombhede. Ngemuva kwalokhu, uhlelo lokusebenza olunomsoco olufanayo lungenzeka ngaphambi nje kwesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Ama-sprays feed we-Foliar angenziwa ukwengeza ama-microelements.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufaka umanyolo inomanyolo omanzi ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokunisela. Ukukhululwa okuncane okukhipha imifino ephilayo nakho kuhle, okuhlinzeka ngokuhlinzekwa okuqhubekayo kwezakhi ezitshalweni.
Ukunisela
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kubalulekile ekukhiqizeni okuhle ngakho izikhathi zokucindezeleka kufanele zigwenywe futhi ezindaweni ezivulekile ukuchelelwa kungadingeka njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili noma nsuku zonke ngezikhathi ezithile. Kokubili ukuchelela okuncane kanye nokunisela okusetshenzisiwe kungasetshenziswa kodwa ukuchelela okunamanzi okuphefumula kungcono kugwenywe ngoba ukuhlanza yonke isitshalo kubangelwa izifo futhi kungaholela ekunisele.Okusemqoka ukusebenzisa ukuchelela kokunisela ngoba kusindisa amanzi, kunembile kakhulu futhi kumanyolo kungasetshenziswa ngokunembile ngamanzi okunisela. Lokhu kwenza konke kufinyeleleke kakhulu kwisitshalo sekhukhamba.
Ukufaka izitsha zokulinganisa umswakama wenhlabathi kungcono kakhulu ngesitshalo esinomsoco futhi kuvumela ukuphathwa kwamanzi okunamandla nokucindezeleka.Translated by Nsika Khoza