I-Lavender similo esaziwa nge-Mediterranean plant begodu akusiso sendabuko eSewula Afrika, nanyana kunjalo, sitjalwe khona ngobunengi begodu i-lavender yezinga eliphezuli ikhiqizwa eSewula Afrika ithunyelwe kamanye amazwe. Igama elithi-lavender lisuselwa esenzweni sesi-Latin esithi-lavare ‘okuhlathulula ukuhlanza nofana ukuhlamba’. Isimilwesi sijayeleke khulu ngokuthi yi-‘lavender' begodu sinemihlobaso engaphezu kowodwa nekubangela bonyana kuhlangahlanganiswe phakathi kwe-lavender ne-lavandin.
Imihlobazo emibili eyaziwa khulu yi-Lavandula angustifolia – nayibizwa nge-lavender yamambala (‘true lavender') nofana ngesiNgisi i-lavender begodu i-Lavandula dentata – nekuqaliswe kileso esibizwa nge-French lavender nofana i-spike lavender. Umhlobo wesithathu, oyihlanganyela ye-L. angustifolia ne-L. latifolia okhiqiza amafutha abizwa nge-lavandin. Ama-Lavandins zimhlobo weemilo ezikulu nezisetjenziselwa khulu ubumnambitho obumnandi kodwana sinomnuko obizwa nge-camphorous aroma, saziwa khulu ngomkhiqizo wokuhlwengisa begodu sisetjenziselwa amarhala.
Ama-Lavenders anamathuthumbo womnuko omnandi begodu asetjenziselwa nokulapha njengombana amumatha izinto ezitholakala ngaphakathi kwe-camphor. Ingasiza ukususa ihloko ebuhlungu, ukuluma kwesikhumba begodu isize nangokugaya ukudla ngendeni. Irhubhululo elenziwe e-Korea lifumene bonyana amafutha we-lavender angaqeda imiraro yokungalali kuhle nesigandeleli somkhumbulo. Ukusetjenziswa kwawo amafutha la kufaka hlangana ukuyisebenzisa njengesibha, izinto zokuhlwengisa neensetjenziswa zokuhlamba ngebanga lamandlawo alwisana nokunengi angakghona ukubulala amagcikwana amanengi afana ne-typhoid, diphtheria, streptococcus begodu ne-pneumococcus.
Kumafutha athobako, asetjenziswa ezintweni zobuhle ngebanga lokumumatha izinto ezenza butjhelelezi begodu zingavikela namabala bezilaphe amanceba wokutjha. Amafutha angasetjenziwa ngendlela angawo kodwana kubakuhle ukuwavanga namanzi ngaphakathi bekotikoti lamafuthelo bese uhlikihla ngawo eendaweni ofuna ukuzilapha. I-Lavandin ibuya isetjenziselwe ukwenza kuhle isitho esilawula imisipha begodu ingasebenza njengepengu ukwehlisa amaphaphu, ukuwenza abenamandla bekabe majadu.
Ukuvunwa kwamathuthumbaso neziqu kwenziwa ngenyanga kaNobayeni noTjhirhweni, kanengi kusuke kungenziwa ngesikhathi esinomoya nomtjhiso omnengi njengombana lokho kungakhinyabeza umkhiqizo wamafutha. Amafutha akhiqizwa ngokuthi kuminywe nofana kwenziwe isifutho lapho ahlukaniswa khona ngokusebenzisa amanzana athambisa okuqinileko. I-Lavender yamambala ikhiqiza ukusuka ku-8-30kg ne-40 to 220kg amafutha we-lavandin aqakathekileko kenye nenye i-hectare nesitjalo. Kunemihlobo engaba ma-48 yama-lavender kanye namakhulu khulu wemihlobo ye-genotypes kodwana imihlobo engemikhulu emithathu isetjenziselwa ukukhiqiza amafutha abizwa nge-lavender essential oil; L. angustifolia, L. latifolia (wameva, amakari abanzi) kanye nehlanganisela ye-L. angustifolia x L. latifolia. Amafutha akhiqizwa kesinye nesinye ayahluka ngalokho akumumathako nendlela asetjenziswa ngayo, isibonelo amafutha we-lavandin hybrid, akhiqiza amafutjhana amnanjana asetjenziselwa iphefumo.
I-perennial bushy shrub itlhurha ehlobo begodu iyatjalwa e-Western ne-Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Gauteng, Limpopo nesiFundeni se-Mpumalanga. Yoke imihlobo ye-lavenders ayizwani nendawo ethambe khulu begodu nomtjhiso ophezulu wehlobo ukhinyabeza kumbi izinga lawo. Umhlobo we-spike lavender awuzwani namahlathi. Iimilwezi zizwana nelanga nomkhanyo opheleleko, ihlabathi eyome kuhle. Ungazitheleleli ngokudluleleko.
Ukwala Kwezemaphilo
Ilwazeli lenzelwe ukufundisa kwaphela begodu akukafaneli bona lisetjenziswe njengesiyeleliso sezepilo. Ilwazeli alikenzelwa ukujamiselela iinluleko zezepilo nanyana ukulatjhwa okunikelwa ngusiyazi wezepilo.
Translated by Johannes Nkosinathi