Igama lesayensi: Zea mays L. var. rugosa
Igama elivamile: Ummbila omnandi
Incazelo Yesitshalo
Kubonakala sengathi ummbila uvela eMelika Ephakathi futhi waqala ukutshalwa e-Afrika ngekhulu le-16 nele-17. Ummbila omnandi ungumqubu wommbila oqukethe okungenani kabili ukuqukathwa kokushukela kommbila wendabuko.Utshani futhi unamandla uqinile. Amaqabunga avela kusukela kusiqu, okuvundisa izindlebe noma iqophe ephuma phansi kwamaqabunga. Lesi sitshalo sithwala iqophe elodwa noma amabili.
Ukusetshenziswa Kommbila Omnandi
Ummbila omnandi udliwa uluhlaza, ubilisiwe noma osiwe. Izinhlamvu nazo zihlanjwe emkhombeni wazo kanye nokubandiswa ngokushesha emva kokuvuna futhi zibekwe emagabheni.Izidingo Zomhlabathi Nokulungiselela
Qala ukulungiselela inhlabathi yakho kahle ngaphambi kokutshala, noma ngemuva kokutshala okudlule uma umhlaba otshalwa utshalwe ngaphambilini. Ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezine ngaphambi kokutshala, umanyolo ungasetshenziswa endaweni futhi ungasuswa futhi kuhlwanyele ukujula kwamamitha angu-500 ukuxuba insalela yezitshalo ezedlule, umquba kanye nezinsalela zokhula emhlabathini. Ngemva kwalokhu uhlwanyela isivuno sekhava eluhlaza futhi kancane kancane kuze kube yizimbewu ezingeni eliphezulu lika-10 mm. Uma isitshalo sekhava siphume futhi sanda, susa u-100 kg ngehektare ngalinye le-LAN ukukhulisa ukukhula kwezitshalo ezihlaza.
Izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala uthathe amasampula omhlabathi njengoba uqondiswe abacwaningi futhi uhlaziye ukuhlonza izidingo zomhlabathi.
Emasontweni amathathu kuya kwamane ngaphambi kokutshala, uma ukuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi sekubuyiselwe emuva, isivuno sekhava sitshalwe phansi futhi manje izithasiselo zokulungiswa kwe-pH, i-gypsum ye-calcium, umquba oqhubekayo nesivundiso sezinto eziphilayo kufanele zisetshenziswe futhi zisebenze inhlabathi ngokuyilima emhlabathini ophezulu ka-500 mm.
Izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokutshala inhlabathi isetshenziselwa isikhathi sokugcina futhi lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngehhala esebenza ngenhlabathi engaphezulu kuka-20 cm, ukulinganisa indawo yesitshalo nokukhipha noma yikuphi ukhula okungase kube khona. Izitshalo zokutshala ngaphambi kokutshala nezitshalo ezifana ne-Boron neZinc izicelo ezibekwe ukuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi kufanele futhi zenziwe enhlabathini ephezulu ngalesi sikhathi. Emva kwalokhu indawo yokutshala ilungele ukuthola imbewu.
Isimo sezulu
Ummbila omnandi uthanda isimo sezulu esishisayo futhi nomswakama obandayo. Kwenza kahle uma amazinga okushisa aqala kusuka ku-18°C kuya ku-28°C. Ukuze imbewu ikhule ngokuphumelelayo futhi ivele ngendlela efanayo izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi kufanele libe yi-16°C ngaphezulu.Ukukhula kommbila omnandi, ukukhula kwekhanda nokuthuthukiswa komongo kuyenziwa kabi lapho amazinga okushisa ewela ngaphansi kuka-10°C noma ngaphezulu kuka-35°C.