Ukusabalalisa
Ukusakazwa kwapelepele kwenziwa imbewu.Indlela Yokutshala
Imbewu ingahlwanyeka ngokuqondile kodwa lokhu akuvamile ukwenza abalimi. Imbewu ihlwanyelwe emibhedeni elungiselelwe noma ematayini embewu ezindaweni ezivikelwe noma ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Imbewu ihlume futhi izithombo zenziwe. Uma izitshalo zisungulwe futhi ziba ngu-15+ cm ubude futhi ziqinile ngokwanele zifakelwa kabusha emkhakheni ovulekile noma zibe yisigaba esilungisiwe esisetshenziselwa zokugcina izithombo. Ukusetshenziswa kweminye imifino yezinto eziphilayo noma zepulasitiki emigqeni yezitshalo kuncipha ukukhuphuka kwamanzi, kulawulwa ukhula kanye nokulawula ukushisa komhlabathi.Indawo evulekile
Izinhlobo ezincane zamahlathi zihlukaniswe ngamasentimitha angama-30 ngaphandle kwemigqa engama-50 cm ngaphandle kwemigqa ye-tram ukuze unikeze isikhala esincane kakhulu emigqeni emibili yezixhobo kanye nabasebenzi ukuhamba nokukhanya kwelanga. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zezitshalo zihlukanisiwe ngamasentimitha angu-50 emigqeni engama-60 kuya ku-75 cm eceleni.Lokhu kudinga izitshalo ezingaba ngu-20 000 kuya ku-50 000 ehektheleni kuye ngokuthi izinhlobo ezihlukene zokuhlukanisa kanye nezinhlobo ze-pepper zithathwe ngumlimi.
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela
Endaweni evikelekile efana ne-greenhouse noma lapho ubusika bekwephuzile nokushisa kwentwasahlobo kushisa ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-chilli kungaqala ngoJulayi. Lapho wenza izithombo ngaphandle kokuhlwanyela noma ukuhlwanyela ngokuqondile, imbewu ihlwanyelwe ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti noSeptemba ukulahlekelwa yisimo sezulu esiphezulu sehlobo.Isikhathi sokutshala
Emasontweni angaba ngu-5 kuya kweyisithupha emva kokuhlwanyela kwembewu ye-chilli izithombo zingafakwa lapho ziphakathi kuka-15 no-20 cm ngobukhulu. Khetha izitshalo eziqine kakhulu bese uzama ukukhetha isifenqo sezitshalo ngosayizi. Lokhu kuzovame ukuphumula ngoJulayi ezindaweni ezifudumele kuze kube maphakathi no-September. Ukutshala kungenziwa kuze kube sekupheleni kukaNovemba uma nje amazinga okushisa ekwindla engekho cool kakhulu.Isikhathi sokukhula
Kusukela kumbewu kuze kube yi-pepper yokuqala ye-chilli ekulungele ukuvuna kungathatha amasonto ayishumi nesithupha. Ukuze uthole ama-pepper obomvu amasha, kuthatha izinyanga eziyisihlanu kuya kweziyisithupha, futhi uma izitshalo zisala ekuvuneni obomvu pepper, cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ukusuka ekutshalweni imbewu, kuye ngesimo sezulu. Ama-pepper abomvu abomvu angenziwa kuphela ezindaweni lapho kufudumele khona futhi akukho nhlobo yemvula emapulasilini angomile.Isivundiso
Kuhlale kunconywa ukuba umhlaba uhlaziywe kahle ngesevisi yakho yokwandisa kanye nomeluleki womsoco wezwe ngaphambi kokutshala. Umhlahlandlela ojwayelekile wokutshala izipelepele zakho zilandelayo. Qinisekisa ukuthi umhlaba uhlungwa kahle futhi usungulwa. Phakathi nokulima kokugcina, okwenziwe ngokujwayelekile nge-disc noma i-rotavator kufaka isicelo sokufaka umquba ngaphambi kokutshala esiphakathi kwamakhilogremu angama-500 no-800 we-2:3:4 (30) (ingxube ye-nitrogen, i-Phosphates ne-Potassium) ibe ngaphezulu kwe-20 cm yenhlabathi. Uma kusetshenzisiwe ukuchelela, kungcono ukusebenzisa okulinganayo kumanyolo omanyolo emanzini phezu kwamasonto amane okuqala okukhula futhi emva kwalokho phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula kuze kube sekuqalisweni ukuvuna kokuqala kopelepele obuluhlaza.Ukuze ukhiqiza noma uketshezi kusetshenziswe cishe ngama-250 kg we-LAN ngehektare cishe emavikini ayisithupha emva kokutshala. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwesibili luhlukaniswa ngezicelo ezimbili eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-150 ezinkundleni eziyisithupha kanye namasonto ayisishiyagalombili kusukela kokutshala.
Ukunisela
Emva kokutshala ukuchelela cishe ngamamitha angu-15 ngesonto emasontweni amathathu okuqala ngemuva kokunisela phakathi kuka-30 no-40 mm wamanzi ngesonto phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula. Kunconywa ukufaka umswakama wamamitha amamitha ukuhlola umswakama womhlabathi. Iningi lezimpande ligxilwe emhlabathini ophezulu ka-40 cm ngakho-ke isosovu noma isandla esincane singasetshenziswa ukuhlola inhlabathi.Uhlelo oluhle kakhulu lokunisela lugqugquzela ukuchelela ngaphansi kwe-plastic mulching ngoba lokhu kunikeza umlimi ukulawula ngaphezulu kokunisela nokufaka umquba wesivuno sakhe. Ukunciphisa umzimba kubuye kulawule ukhula futhi kunciphise ukukhuphuka. Ukunisela ukukhulelwa kungaholela ezimweni ezinamanzi noma ezomile njengoba kunzima kakhulu ukuphatha. Ukunisela okungaphezulu kungabangela izifo ze-fungal futhi zibole.Translated by Nsika Khoza