Ku Byala
Viriviri ri byariwa kusuka eka mbewu.Tindlela ta Mabyalele
Mbewu yinga byariwa Kunene emisaveni kambe lawa ahi maendlelo lawa ya tirhisiwaka ngopfu hi van’wamapurasi. Mbewu yibyariwa eka ti beds letinga lulamisiwa kumbe eka ti trays eka tindzhawu letinga sirheleriwa eka ti greenhouses. Mbewu ya mila kutani kusimuriwa swimilani. Loko kurina swimilani naswona swiri kwalomu ka 15+ cm hiku leha naswona switiyerile kuringanela ku simuriwa swiya byariwa eka ndzhawu leyinga pfuleka kumbe eka ndzhawu leyinga lulamisiwa endzeni ka ti greenhouses. Kutirhisiwa ka mulching ya organic kumbe ya plastiki swihunguta kuhaha ka mati emisaveni, swi lawula nhova na kuhisa xikan’we naku lawula mahiselo ya misava.Xipesi
Swinsinyani leswintsongo swinga tlhuma swisiyeriwa xipesi xa 30 cm exikarhi ka swona emintileni leyinga kwalomu ka 50 cm eka mintila leyi siyaka xipesi xoringanela eka mintila yimbirhi yin’wana na yin’wana leswi nyikaka vatirhi na switirhisiwa leswaku swikota ku tirha xikan’we na kuva dyambu ringhena. Swimilani leswikulu hi muxaka swivekiwa eka xipesi xa 50 cm hiku hambana exikarhi ka mintila leyinga 60 kuya eka 75 cm hiku hambana. Leswi swilava kwalomu ka 20 000 kuya eka 50 000 wa swimilani hi hectare kuya hileswi xipesi xinga siyisiwa xiswona naswona muxaka wa viriviri wu hlawuriwa hi murimi.Nkarhi wo Byala
Eka ndzhawu leyinga byariwa kufana nale ka ti greenhouse kumbe laha makumu ya xixika na ximun’wana swikufumelaka kubyariwa ka virivir swinga sungula hi nhweti ya July. Loko mbewu yibyaleriwa e handle laha kunga pfuleka kumbe yibyariwa Kunene emisaveni, mbewu yinga byariwa hi tinhweti ta kuhela ka August na September leswaku yita hambana na maxelo yohola ya ximun’wana.Byariwa wo Byala
Kwalomu ka ntlhanu kuya eka ntsevu wa mavhiki endzhaku ko byala mbewu ya viriviri hilaha swimilani swinga simuriwaka kutani swiya byariwa loko swiri exikarhi ka 15 na 20 cm hi vukulu. Hlawula leswinga tiyela swimilani xikan’we naku hlawula swimilani leswi ringanaka hi vukulu. Leswiswitala kuva e mahelweni ya July laha maxelo ya kufumelaka kuya exikarhi ka September. Kubyala swinga endliwa kuza kuya fika nhweti ya November ntsena loko maxelo ya ximun’wana yanga holangi ngopfu.Nkarhi wo Kula
Kusukela eka mbewu kuya eka mihandzu ya rihlaza ya viriviri leyinga lulamela ku tshoveriwa swinga teka kwalomu ka khume ntsevu wa mavhiki. Kuva kukumeka viriviri leritsakamaka rotshuka swinga teka ntlhanu kuya eka ntsevu wa tinhweti, naswona loko ximilani xitshikiwa leswaku kuta tshoveriwa lero tshuka ro oma, swita teka kwalomu ka ntsevu kuya eka nhungu wa tinhweti naswona swiya hi maxelo. Viriviri ro oma rotshuka yinga humelerisiwa ntsena eka tindzhawu leti kukufumelaka naswona kungari na nkateko wa mpfula eka viriviri leri omaka.Ku Nonisa Misava
Swa hlohleteriwa swinene kuva misava yi hlahluviwa kahle hi lava vangana vutivi na ntokoto xikan’we mutsundzuxi wa swakudya swa misava loko kunga se byariwa.Tindlela ta ntolovelo to chela manyorho eka virivir hileti landzelaka. Tiyisisa leswaku misava yirimiwe kahle yitlhela yi leveriwa. Eka nkarhi wohetelela waku rima, leswi talaka ku endliwa hi xikomu kumbe rotavator kutani u chela manyoroyale xikarhi ka 500 na 800 kilograms ya 2:3:4 (30) (nkatsakanyo wa Nitrogen, Phosphates na Potassium) ehenhla ka 20 cm ya misava. Laha ku tirhisiwaka ncheleto wa drip, swa antswa kutirhisiwa manyoro lawa yanga mati lawa ringanaka e matini yalawo eka mavhiki yosungula ya mune yakukula ka swimilani kutani endzhaku ka sweswo swiyisiwa emahlweni kuya fikela loko ntshovelo wosungula wa viriviri ra rihlaza wusungula.
Laha kutirhisiwaka sprinkler kumbe mati yo khuluka chela kwalomu ka 250 kg ya LAN hi hectare kwalomu ka 6 wa mavhiki loko kunga se byariwa nchumu. Kasi ku chela ravumbirhi swinga hambanyisiwa kambirhi hikuva ku cheriwa 150 kg eka mavhiki mambirhi na nhungu kusukela eku byaleni.
Ku Cheleta
Endzhaku ko byala swimilani ufanele ku cheleta kwalomu ka 15 mm hi vhiki kuringana mavhiki yanharhu yosungula kutani exikarhi ka 30 na 40 mm ya mati hi vhiki kuringana nkarhi hinkwawo wokula. Swa hlohleteriwa kuva ku hoxiwa ti moisture tension meters letingata langutana na ndzhongo lowunga emisaveni. Timintsu totala tileka misava yale henhla kuringana 40 cm lero foxolo yinga tirhisiwa ku kambela misava.Ndlela ya kahle swinene yo cheleta iku tirhisa drip laha kungana mulching ya plastiki leswi swinyika murimi vulawuri byotala leswaku anga cheleti kutlula mpimo naku phamela swimilani swakudya swotala. Mulching yitlhela yipfuneta ku lawula nhova naswona yi hunguta kuhaha ka mati emisaveni. Macheletelo ya mati lawa ya khulukaka kunenen swiendla leswaku misava yitaleriwa hi mati kumbe ku oma swinene tani hileswi swinga oloveki kuswilawula. Ku cheleta hile henhla swivanga mavabyi yofambelana na fungi.Translated by Ike Ngobeni