Ukusabalalisa
Ukusabalalisa kuvela enzalweni kodwa inhlanzi ingahle isakazwe ngokutshala ama-cuttings noma ngokubeka. Ukutshala imbewu kuthatha isikhathi eside futhi izitshalo zingagcina zingalingani. Kungcono imbewu ukuba ibe ngamatayipi ku-greenhouse ukuze izithombo ezifanelwe zingatshalwa.
Ukutshala nokukhiqiza ama-cuttings we-sage uthathe ama-cuttings angu-20 cm kusuka kumathiphu okukhula amasha bese uvula amaqabunga aphansi ekunqumeni, bese ubeka emanzini ngengxenye ephansi ehlanjwe ngaphakathi. Uma unesilinganiso esidingekayo se-cuttings, silungele isikhala sesitshalo. Lokhu kuvamise ingxube yesihlabathi nomxube wokubhaka esikhwameni sesitshalo se 500 ml. Gubungula amathiphu amanzi ube ngumxube we-hormone wezitshalo bese uhlwanyela emkhatsini wesitshalo. Emasontweni ambalwa kamuva bazothola izimpande futhi uma izithombo zembewu zikhula kahle zihlwanyelwe.
Indlela Yokutshala
Ukutshala kwezitshalo ngabalimi abakhulu bezentengiselwano kwenziwa ngokuvame ukutshala izithombo eziye zakhiwa endaweni yokushisa. Izitshalo ze-sage zitshalwe zibe yizilinganiso zamatayipi ngamamitha ayizi-8 kuya kwangu-10 ezijulile. Lapho imbewu ihlume futhi izithombo ezinamandla sezikhulile lezi zihlwanyelwe emasimini. Uma izakhi zifakiwe kuyumkhuba omuhle ukuqala ukwenza izitshalo kusuka ezicutheni zokutshala lapho, ngoba lapho izitshalo zilahlekile futhi zakha izikhala emigqeni yezitshalo.
Isikhala
Izitshalo ze-Sage zivame ukukhula zibe yi-ball shape cishe ngo-650 mm ububanzi futhi ububanzi buka-500 mm no-600 mm. Uma utshala, izithombo kufanele zihlukaniswe ngamasentimitha angama-30 emigqeni engama-50 cm noma 60 cm eceleni. Lokhu kuyimvelo yezitshalo ezizungeze ama-50 000 kuya ku-60 000 emahektheleni. Kuye ngezimoto kanye nezindlela zokuvuna, izindlela zokusebenzisa kanye ne-tractor zishiyelwe imikhuba yokuphatha nokuvuna.
Isikhathi Sokuhlwanyela
Hlwanyela imbewu ematayini embewu endaweni evikelekile noma ekushiseni okushisa phakathi noJuni eNingizimu Afrika, kanti ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo izithombo zembewu kufanele zibe namandla ngokwanele ukutshala emasimini.
Isikhathi Sokutshala
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala izithombo ze-sage sekuseni kwentwasahlobo. ENingizimu Afrika esekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba. Uma ekwindla kusenesikhathi kufudumele ngokwanele, ukutshala kungenzeka khona-ke, uma nje izitshalo zingakwazi ukuhlala futhi zikhula ziqinile ngaphambi kokushisa ebusika.
Isikhathi Sokukhula
Amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayishumi ekushiseni abamba ukushisa kufanele akhiqize izithombo ezinamandla ezanele ezilungele ukutshala. Abanye abakhiqizi baqala ukuvuna kusukela ezinyangeni ezine ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo. Ukunakekela kufanele kuthathwe hhayi ekuvuneni ngonyaka wokuqala njengoba lokhu kungagcizelela isitshalo sage. Ukuvuna okugcwele kuzoqala ehlobo konyaka wesibili. Izitshalo ze-Sage zingavunwa iminyaka engaba ngu-6 noma ngaphezulu uma zilawulwa kahle. Kusukela ngonyaka wesibili, izitshalo zikhawulwe emuva ku-10 cm ngaphezulu komhlabathi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Umanyolo
Ngaphambi kokutshala kuqala, isampula yomhlabathi esimele kumele ithathwe futhi ithunyelwe ukuze ihlaziywe. Lokhu kuzoveza uhlobo lomhlabathi kanye nezidingo zomsoco ezitshalweni zezitshalo ukuze zikhule.
Isiphakamiso esilandelayo singasetshenziswa njengohlelo olujwayelekile. Isicelo sokuqala esingu-300 kg ngo-hekthara ka-2:3:4 (31) singasakazwa futhi sifakwe enhlabathini engaphezulu kuka-20 cm ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo ze-sage. Lokhu kuzokwenza izithombo ezintsha zibe isiqalo esihle ekuzimiseni. Phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-12 zokuqala, kubalulekile ukugcina izitshalo zikhula ngakho ukusetshenziswa okungaphezulu kuka 300 kg we-2:3:4 (31) kungasetshenziswa kanye nemigqa yesitshalo, ngoDisemba noma ngoJanuwari ngemuva kokuvuna. Kunconywa ukutshala emva kokuvuna konke. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungagcini ngokweqile nge nitrojeni njengoba lokhu kunciphisa amandla okumnandi namafutha emaqabunga.
Ukunisela
Nakuba isitshalo se-sage sibhekwa njengesitshalo esinamandla futhi esihlakaniphile, akusihle ukucindezela lesi sitshalo ngokungaphansi kokunisela nokukhuphula ukukhula kwezitshalo nokukhiqiza noma ukuchelela, okungabangela izifo ezimpande.
Ngakho-ke, kungcono kakhulu ukufaka amadivaysi wokulinganisa umswakama ukuze uhlole ngokuqhubekayo okuqukethwe kwamanzi enhlabathi.
Kuye ngezinhlobo zenhlabathi nesimo sezulu, imiqulu yokunisela iyohluka kusuka ensimini kuya ensimini. I-average isilinganiso iphakathi kuka-20 no-30 mm ngeviki phakathi nezinyanga ezifudumele zasehlobo futhi kuncishiswe phakathi nezinyanga ezipholile noma ezinamanzi zonyaka. Njengamanye amagilebhisi amafutha, zama ukungena amanzi isonto ngaphambi kokuvuna. Kuhle ukuphuzisa ngokushesha ngemva kokuvuna ukubuyisela umhlabathi ekuthunjweni okunamandla. Kubalulekile ukuvumela inhlabathi ukuthi ikhule kahle ngephrofayela yempande nangaphezulu, ngaphezulu kwe-5 cm, ukuze ume ngaphambi kokuchelela.
Translated by Nsika Khoza