Ama-Litchis awawona abomdabu waseNingizimu Afrika; I-litchi yokulima yathunyelwa ezweni laseFlorida e-United States of America kanye naseNdiya, eTaiwan naseChina.
Izinhlobo zeLitchis
I-Litchis ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu - iMauritius, iChinese neMadras - neqembu lama China lamapulazi iningi lawo alinyelwa emazweni aphesheya.
ENingizimu Afrika, ukukhiqizwa kwe-litchi kuphethwe uhlobo lwe-litchis lwaseMauritius. Iqembu laseMauritius livame ukutshala lapha kanye naphesheya futhi lithele isivuno esanelisayo nezithelo zekhwalithi enhle. Isibonelo yi-HLH Mauritius.
Iqembu lama China lama-litchi likhiqiza izithelo ezisezingeni eliphakeme kodwa elimpofu kakhulu. Uhlobo lwesi-Chinese lwe-litchis luvame ukuba nembewu yolimi lwenkukhu. Ama-Cultivars afaka i-Haak Yip kanye nezinyanga ezintathu ezibomvu.
Iqembu leMadras litchi lithela izithelo ezinhle ezibomvu, kepha ikhwalithi yezithelo imbi. U-McLean Red iyi-Madras litchi.
Izinhlobo zama-Litchi eNingizimu Afrika
Yize ezinye izilimi eziningi sezike zahlolwa lapha eNingizimu Afrika, ukutshala kwe-litchi okuthengiswayo kususelwa kwizilimo ezimbili, i-HLH Mauritius (eyaziwa nangokuthi yiTi So) neMcLean's Red.
I-litchi yokuqala, Inyanga Yesithathu Ebomvu ingakhethwa kusuka ngo-Okthoba. Inezithelo ezinkulu ezibunjiwe yinhliziyo ngesikhumba esinzima obomvu ngokujulile lapho sesivuthiwe. Imbewu inkulu futhi nenyama ezungeze imbewu ijika ibe nsundu lapho izithelo zivuthwa. Umuthi ukhula uqine kepha awunakwenzeka ukuthi uqhakaze ngenxa yezinkuni zawo ezomile.
I-HLH Mauritius yangeniswa eSouth Africa ngonyaka we-1875 futhi isilima saphakathi nesizini sinezithelo eziphakathi nendawo ezinkulu ezinamakhilogremu omnandi nenyama ebomvu yesikhumba uma sesivuthiwe. Umuthi okhula ngamandla uvame ukuba nomqhele osasazekayo, othambekele ekulimaleni komoya.
IMorLean's Red ingumbila wesibili okhule kakhulu lapha eNingizimu Afrika, okhethwe maphakathi nesizini edlule. Inesilinganiso esingesihle senyama-kuya-kwimbewu ngenxa yembewu yayo enkulu kodwa inenyama emnandi ethambile. Izithelo zibomvu ngethiphu ebonakalayo. Izihlahla zikhombisa ukukhula okukhulu.
I-Wai Chee yisitshalo esiyinhloko esitshalwe eChina futhi yaziswa kuphela eNingizimu Afrika ngonyaka we-1990s. Kungumthambo ophakathi nendawo isizini yesikhathi sekwephuzile enesikhumba esibomvu ophuzi, inyama enephunga elimnandi nembewu encane. Umuthi uqinile.
Izinhlobo Ezintsha
Ucwaningo ezinhlobeni ezintsha ze-litchi lubheka izici ezingaba khona nezithelo ezisezingeni eliphakeme, njengembewu ezincane. Ucwaningo luphinde futhi lugxile ekwakheni isivuno esidala kakhulu futhi sekwephuzile, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezithile zakuqala nezikhulisa isikhathi eside eNingizimu Afrika. Lokhu kuholela ekwandiseni ukutholakala kwama-litchis aseNingizimu Afrika ngezikhathi lapho kunomkhiqizo olinganiselwe ovela kubakhiqizi abasenyakatho nomhlaba, kusho intengo ephezulu kanye nesibalo esikhulayo samalitchi zaseNingizimu Afrika zokuthumela ngaphandle, ikakhulukazi eChina. Lokhu futhi kusho ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kwe-litchis ngoFebhuwari ukuze kuhambisane nemicimbi yokugubha unyaka omusha waseChina. Imakethe yaseChina ithanda izithelo ezinkulu ezinombala omuhle kanye nembewu encane.
Translated by Nsika Khoza