Igama le Sayensi: Brassica rapa
Igama Eliqhelekileyo: Itheniphu
Inkcazelo Ngesityalo
Iitheniphu zizityalo ezisuka eMpuma Europe nakwindawo ezipholileyo zase Asia. Kucingelwa ukuba zineminyaka engama 4000 nangaphezulu zilinywa ngabantu. Ngaphambi koko, zaziqokelewa ngabazingeli endle, kumazwe athile ase Asia.Isityalo se theniphu sinamagqabi aluhlaza ocacileyo akhula kwisiqu esiluhlaza okhanyayo. Ezi ziqu zikhula zibemalunga nama 40 cm ukuya kuma 50 cm ukusuka phezu kwengcambu eligaqa, neyeyona ityiwayokwesi siqhamo. Kodwa ke, namagqabi esi sityalo ayatyiwa. Ingcambu ye theniphu irawndi ukuya ku ovali ukumila. Iitheniphu nazo sele zixhaphakile ukusetyenziswa njengokutya kwezilwanyana, kwaye zikwalinywa nanjenge sityalo sokugquma/khusela.
Imisebenzi
Ezingcambu zingamagaqa zingabiliswa, ziiqhotswe okanye zojiwe. Kwaye namagqabi ayabiliswa okanye aqhotswe okanye atyiwe eluhlaza kwii saladi. Iingcambu ezibilisiweyo zingacujwa zibengumqa.Iimfuno Zomhlaba Namalungiselelo
Iitheniphu zikholwa yisanti ekwaziyo ukufunxa amanzi, nekwa nezinongo ezaneleyo zendalo. Umhlaba ungabane aside kancinci kwi pH ephakathi kwesi 5.8 kunye nesi 7. Ayikhuli kakuhle kwimihlaba esindayo epakisheneyo eludongwe, njengoko oku kungabangela ukuba iingcambu zingakhuli kakuhle, nto leyo inokubangela ukuncipha kwesivuno semveliso.Ngethuba izityalo ze theniphu ziselula, ukhula kwindawo ekutyalwe kuyo lungabangela ilahlekoo enkulu yezityalo. Kuba izityalo eziselula zingasokola ukukhula. Ngoko ke, kwiinyanga ezikhokelele ixesha lokulima, inkqubo ehrabaxa yokusiphula ukhula kufuneka ilandelwe. Isampulu yomhlaba kufuneka ithathwe kusekude ukuba kufike ilixa lokutyala itheniphu. Izichumiso ezifanelekileyo,iilime kunye ne phosphates kufuneka zigalelwe kulendawo zize zixutywe nomhlaba ngokuhlakula malunga nama 500 mm omhlaba ongaphezulu. Umhlaba kufuneka uphethulwe uvutywe malunga neveki ezine ukuya kwezintlanu ngaphambi kokutyala ukuze umhlaba ubenethuba lokuzinza.
Oku kungabe sele kulandeliswa kwangoko nge disc harrow ukulungisa ngakumbi umhlaba ongaphezulu, kusiphule kwantsalela zokhula kungangathe nebala lokutyala. Kwiveki yokugqibela phambi kokutyala iitheniphu, sebenzisa idisk harrow kwakhona ukutshabalalisa kwakhula besele luqala ukukhula, kwaye uqinisekise nokuba akukho zigaqa kumhlaba ongaphezulu, nonokuthu uthintele ukukhula kwesityalo.
Imozulu
Iitheniphu zizityalo zemozulu epholileyo, kwaye zithande ukuba nenkani kwiqabaka ingakumbi xa sele isityalo sintshulile.Ikhula kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe 5°C kunye ne 15°C. Ukuba ityalwe kwindawo ethanda ukufudumala, iingcambu zisenokuba rhaabaxam zome kwaye zibenencasa ekrakrayo.Iindidi Zesityalo
Early Purple Top, Golden Globe, Goldie, Purple Top Milan, Purple Top White Globe, Seven top, Shogoin kunye ne White Egg.Iselicebo elilungileyo ukufumana ingcebiso kumthengisi mbewu okufutshane nawe nakwi extension officer ekufutshane nawe, malunga neyona ndidi ingalungelana nemozulu nomhlaba wendawo oceba ukutyala kuyo. Ungafumana nengcebiso kumthengi okanye umbutho wentengiso mayelana nendidi engalungela ukuthengiswa.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana