Vuhumelerisi bya Misava Hinkwayo
Ma-Apula hi yan’wani ya ndhuma swinene nakuva muhandzu wo humelerisiwa ngopfu. Yahumelerisiwa swinene eka tindzhawu leti hisaka emisaveni hinkwayo, hinkwako e Northern na Southern Hemispheres. China ri famba emahlweni swinene eka nhlayo ya ma-apple lawa humelerisiwaka, laha kuhumelerisiwaka kutlula 40 million wati tonnes hi lembe, ku landzela tiko ra USA. Hambi leswi vuhumelerisi bya ma-apula byingana tinguva, ma-apula yakumeka eka timakete ta matiko hinkwawo lembe hinkwaro hikokwalaho ka mphakelo wo xaviselana ka matiko.
Vuhumelerisi bya Afrika Dzonga
Ma-Apula ya humelerisiwile kuva ya xavisiwa e Afrika Dzonga kusukela hi lembe ra 1880 naswona ya xaviseriwile matiko ya United Kingdom kusuka e Afrika Dzonga kusukela hi lembe ra 1890. Ekusunguleni, swirhapa swi tumbuluxiwile e Western Cape eka tindzhawu leti humelerisaka mihandzu yo nyanganya kuringana malembe lawa yotala kumbe kuya hinkarhi ma-apula ya sungule ku humelerisiwa etikweni hinkwaro ra Afrika Dzonga.
Ndzhawu ya Vuhumelerisi
Western Cape hiyona ndzhawu leyikulu swinene leyi humelerisaka ma-apula naswona yina kutlula hafu wama-apula lawa ya humelerisiwaka etikweni hinkwaro. Ndzhawu yikulu ya vuhumelerisi bya ma-apula hile madorobeni ya Western Cape yofana na Ceres, Wolseley, Elgin na Villiersdorp. Ndzhawu ya Langkloof yile Southern Cape naswona yile ka ndzelekano wa xifundzha xa Western na Eastern Cape naswona yi humelerisa kwalomu ka 20% wa ma-apula ya tiko.
Kuna tindzhawu tintsongo kambe letikulaka ta vuhumelerisi kuya en’walungwini wa tiko exifundzheni xa Free State, Mpumalanga na Limpopo. Swirhapa swakona swahari swintshwa swinene loko swipimanyisiwa na leswi swinga e dzongeni wa tiko, tani hileswi vuhumelerisi bya ma-apula abyi tsotsomba swinene hikwalaho ka xihangu lexi axi kumeka eka tindzhawu letiya, kambe sweswi kunga sungula kutirhisiwa ti net kusivela xihangu. Let ii tindzhawu ta khale swinene ta vuhumelerisi e Afrika Dzonga naswona tisungula ku humesa mihandzu eku heleni ka December, mihandzu leyi yi laveka ngopfu hi nhweti ya December leyi kunga nguva yo wisa.
Tinxaka Nxaka
Tinxaka tohambana hambana leti humelerisiwaka e Afrika Dzonga i Golden Delicious (24%), Royal Gala/Gala (17%), Granny Smith (15%), Cripp’s Pink na Pink Lady®(11%), Topred/Starking (11%), Fuji (9%), Cripp’s Red, Joya®(5%) na Braeburn (3%).
Nguva
Nkarhi wa ntshovelo wa ma-apula e Afrika Dzonga wusungula hi nhlayo yintsongo hi December. Emaninginingini ya ntshovelo iku sukela hi January kuya ka May. Hambi leswi nguva yo kha ma-apula yihelaka emakumu ka May, ma-apula lawa ya tshoveriweke ya hlayisiwa kuringana mavhiki eka ndzhawu leyi lawuriwaka kutani ya xavisiwa laha kaya kumbe ematikweni mambe kuya fikela hi November.
Swixavisiwa
Ndzhawu ya vuhumelerisi bya ma-apula ya Afrika Dzonga, yi langute ngopfu eka timakete tale handle, kambe yaha phakela na Afrika Dzonga kukatsa na matiko akelana hi mihandzu ya khwalithi. Makete wukulu wa ma-apula ya Afrika Dzonga hilowu kulaka swinene wa Afrika (30%). Wu landzeriwa hiwa Far East na Asia (31%), UK (18%) Middle East (7%), kukatsa na Europe (6%). Khale, Europe na UK akuri wona matiko lawa hi ndzhavuko yanga timakete letikulu swinene ta ma-apula ya Afrika Dzonga, kambe kukula ka swilaveko swa mphakelo e Afrika nale Asia swi vone ku tlakuka eka timakete eka makume mbirhi wa malembe lawa ya hundzeke.
Switirhisiwa
Ma-Apula yana swakudya swo aka miri naswona yatlhela yava na fibre ya kahle. Muhandzu na nhlonge swa dyiwa kova ntsena laha kungana tinyungu ku cukumetiwaka. Ma-Apula ya dyiwa yate tano yatlhela ya tirhisiwa nale ka ti saladi kumbe ku swekiwa eka ti sauces na jamu kumbe kutirhisiwa eka ku baka. Ma-Apula ya tirhisiwa ku endla juzi, swokatsa na juzi kumbe cider. Ma-apula yatlhela ya cheriwa exikoteleni kumbe ya omisiwa.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni