Mbuyelo - Tonnes Hi Hectare Hi Lembe
Tinhlayo letinga laha hansi tisukela eka lembe ravumbirhi yaku humelerisiwa loko ximilani xikurile kuringanela. Lembe rosungula rakukula rifanele ri tisa exikarhi ka 40 na 60 % wa tinhlayo leti.
Wale hansi
Yo tsakama: 6 tonnes
Yo oma: 1 tonnes
Mafurha: 50 to 60 litres
Wale xikarhi
Yo tsakama: 8 tonnes
Yo oma: 3 tonnes
Mafurha: 80 to 100 litres
Wa kahle
Yo tsakama: 12 tonnes+
Yo oma: 4 tonnes+
Mafurha: 150 litres+
Ntshovelo
Ntshovelo wa mapurasi yotala lawakulu swiendliwa hi muchini lowu tsemaka 20 cm eka swirhabyani. Eka lawantsongo nale kati greenhouses swi endliwa hi mavoko hiku tirhisa mukwana wokariha kumbe xikero. Kutshoveriwa tinhompfu leti tsakamaka kusukela loko tahari na 12 wa mavhiki endzhaku ka kubyariwa ka swimilani kumbe swirhabyani leswi tsemiweke. Ntshovelo wufanele ku endliwa loko swimilani leswi swinga se humesa mabilomu hikuva laha hi laha mafurha yankoka ya kumukaka hi xitalo.
Matluka yo tsakama: Sungula kutshovela matluka wahari mixo loko mahiselo yahari ehansi kambe mberha eka matluka yifanele kuva yi dzudzekile. Tsema ntsena ehenhla kufikela eka 20 cm ya laha kunga hluka.
Matluka yo oma: Kuhumelerisiwa ka sage yo oma, ku tsemiwa swinga sunguriwa ntsena loko kuri na matluka yo ringanela kutshoveriwa. Kutsemetiwa kotala swiendliwa loko kunga se huma mabilomu. Matluka ya susiwa eka tinhu kutani ya omisiwa eka kuhisa ka 40°C hiku tirhiseriwa swo omisa moya. Mafurha ya nkoka: Mafurha yakahle ya nkoka yahuma eka ku virisiwa ka matluka ntsena ya ximilani xa sage hiku tirhisa maendlelo ya nkahelo.
Nhlayiso
Matluka yo tsakama: Endzhaku ka ntshovelo hlayisa sage yotsakama eka 1 kuya eka 2°C. Sage yinga hlayisiwa kuringana mavhiki yambirhi. Ku tsakama eka nhlayiso swifanele ku vekiwa ehenhla ka 95%. Sage yisungula ku lahlekeriwa hi nantswo kusuka eka mafurha endzhaku ka ntshovelo, se swikahle swinene kuyi xavisa endzhaku kaloko yaha ku tshoveriwa.
Matluka yo oma: Matluka lawa yanga oma ya cheriwa eka swibye leswinga ngheniseki moya hiku hatlisa leswaku yatshama na muhlovo na nantswo wa wona. Ya veki kwalomu ka 10°C naswona kungari e dyambyini. Sage Leyi omeke yinga tlhela yi hlayisiwa eka swibye leswinga gwitsirisiwa swinga ngheneki moya.
Mafurha ya nkoka: Hlayisa mafurha ya nkoka ya sage endzeni ka mabodlhela eka ndzhawu leyingana xinyami no hola kuringana 18 wa tinhweti endzhaku ko cheriwa e bodlheleni. Endzhaku ka leswi, mafurha ya sungula ku lahlekeriwa hi matimba na nuhelo.
Nsirhelelo Wa Swimilani
Nhova i xiphiqo naswona yifanele ku vekiwa tihlo kutani ku hlakuleriwa nhova kungava hi muchini kumbe mavoko kumbe hiku tirhisa murhi lowu lwisanaka nayonakambe swifanele ku endliwa nkarhi hinkwawo wa lembe. Ndlela ya kahle yo lwisana na nhova iku ndlalela hi plastiki kumbe swibyariwa swinwana hambi kuri timhandzi.
Ku byala swimilani leswinga tlhuma swi pfuna ku tisa ndzhuti eka misava leswi yimisaka nhova ku mila. Ku pfuxetiwa kun’wana na kun’wana ka misava ekusuhi na swimilani swihlohletela kumila ka nhova naswona swifanele ku papalatiwa.
Sage, kufana na mitsembyani yin’wani leyi humelerisaka mafurha lawa ya nuhelaka swinene, ayana switsotswani na mavabyi yotala kambe swikahle ku landzelela nsirhelelo wa swimilani lowu hlohleteriweke hi extension officer kumbe agronomist.
Muxavisi wa ti khemikhali wale kusuhi hixitalo angava ari na minongonoko ya kahle kumbe ku avelana hi vuxokoxoko tani hi vutsundzuxi nkulu lebyi kumekaka ekusuhi na ndzhawu ya vuhumelerisi. Swin’wana swa switsotswana swa ntolovelo na mavabyi swi longoloxiwile laha hansi.
Switsotswani
Aphids, Crown gall, Scale, Spider mite, Thrips na White fly hi leswitolovelekeke.
Mavabyi
Bacterial rot, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew, Root rots na Rust.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni