Malwetse a a Masisi mo Dikolobeng

Go na le malwetse le metlhampepe ele mentsi e e amang dikolobe, mangwe a masisi go feta a mangwe. A mangwe a kgona go fetela mo mothong, mangwe a aroganngwa le diamusi tse dingwe le dinonyane, mangwe a gotlhe ka sebopego se se tshwanang.
Go mosola go motlhagisi wa motlhape o monnye wa dikolobe gore a kgone go lemoga go nna teng ga ditshwaetsano tse di kotsi le di tshelanang. Gape go botlhokwa go itse kwa o ka senkang thusa ya semmuso teng le go kgona go tlhalosa ditshupabolwetse tse di bontshiwang ke phologolo kgotsa masaikategang a a bonagalang mo phologolong e e suleng.
Kwalo eno e tlile go samagana le mangwe a matshwao a diphologolo tse di lwalang di tlileng go a bontsha fa di tshela le gore ke afeng a a tshwanelwang ke go begelwa motlhankedi wa puso wa malwetse a diphologolo.

Ke Eng Swine Fever?

©National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Megare ele mebedi e e tshwanang ke African Swine Fever (ASF) le European Swine Fever. European Swine Fever e itsagale gape jaaka Classical Swine Fever (CSF) kgotsa jaaka Hog Cholera kwa US.
Malwetse a letshoroma la kolobe a wela mo setlhopheng sa matshoroma a haemorrhagic (matshoroma a a golaganngwang le ditshupamalwetse tsa sehuba le gotswa madi) a a akaretsang Ebola le bolwetse jwa mogare jwa Marburg le ditshwaetsego tsa mogare tsa batho tse dingwe tse di tshwanang le jona. Matshoroma ano otlhe a na le tshwantshiso-kalafi: a anama ka bofefo, sengwe le sengwe le mongwe le mongwe yo o kgomanang o a tshwaetsega, mme percentage e e kwa godimo ya batswasetlhabelo ba a swa.

Ditshupabolwetse tsa Swine Fever

ASF le CSF ka bobedi di sela morago phêthêne ele nngwe. Ditshupabolwetse di akaretsa letshoroma le le kwa godimo le gotswa-madi ka fa tlase ga letlalo le go tsena mo dirweng tse di botlhokwa, sesupo sa setlhabi se se salwang morago ke phutlhamô le loso mo sebakeng sa malatsi. Ditoto di dula di tshwaetsegile sebaka sa dibeke.
Dikolobe tsa naga mo dikarolong tse di tshwaetsegileng di ka tshola mogare wa ADF dipaka tse telele mme di phatlhalatse dikgofa tse di tshwaetsegileng, tse di dirang jaaka ditshola-bolwetse. Batho ga ba tshwarwe ke ASF kgotsa CSF.
Molemirui wa kolobe o tlile go tsiboswa ke koketsego ya tshoganyetso ya dintshu mo motlhapeng, nako dingwe morago ga go tsenya kolobe e ntšhwa, kgotsa fa go itsagale go na le dikolobe tsa naga mo kgaolong e e tshwaetsegileng, segolo thata kwa porofenseng ya Limpopo, dikarolo tsa Mpumalanga le ntlhana e e kwa bokone ya KwaZulu-Natal mo Afrika Borwa.
ASF e aname kwa Afrika Bogare le Bophirima mme e anametse kwa bogolong jwa Europe mme ga jaana le gape kwa Asia. CSF e ne ele teng jaaka bolwetse jwa moeng kwa Kapa Botlhaba mme e ne kwa bofelong ya nyeletswa ka ditshenyegelo tse kgolo.

Bolwetse jwa Molomo le Tlhakwana ke Eng?

Bolwetse jwa Molomo le Tlhakwana, kana Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) ke tshwaetsego e e anamang ka bofefo e molemirui mongwe le mongwe wa dikolobe a utlwang ka yona mme a e tshaba. Bokotsi jwa tlaleletso go balemirui ke gore e ama bogolo jwa diphologolo tse dingwe, go akaretsa sika-loo-podi le nare, diotli tsa fa gae (dikgomo, dipodi, dinku) le dikolobe. E teng gape kwa kgaolong e e itlhaotseng mme e tshwailwe-maparego kwa sekhutlhwaneng se se kwa bokone-botlhaba se se lebaganeng le Kruger National Park.

Molomo le Tlhakwana mo Dikolobeng

©Diseases of Swine 8th edition

Dikolobe di angwa thata ke FMD. Bolwetse jono bo ka baka dintshu tse di kwa godimo thata mo dikolojaneng. Dikolobe tse di godileng tse di falolang, di dira jaaka dintsifatsi tse kgolo tsa mogare mme di ntsha dikarolwana tsa mogare di le di-million sebaka sa dikgwedi. Bolwetse mo diotling tsa mmele o mogolo ga se gantsi di baka dintshu ntle fela le mo dikolojaneng tse di nnye thata.
Ditshupabolwetse tse kgolo tsa bolwetse jwa molomo le tlhakwana ke letshoroma – le le supiwang ke tatlhegelô ya keletso-dijo le marôphi a mannye mo molomong le mo nkong, a a dirang gore go ja go nne thata. Marôphi a a tshwanang le ao a runya mo karolong e e kwa ntle e e fa godimo ya tlhakwana, a a dirang gore go tsamaya go nne botlhoko thata. Gantsi seno se selwa morago ke gotswa gotlhelele ga boalô jo bo thata jwa lonao, seno se tlogele boteng jwa tlhakwana jo bo boleta bo le loleya; gape, seno ke sekgoreletsi se se botlhoko sa motsamao.
Kgobatso e e diriwang ke FMD e ja madi: tlhagiso e angwa thata ke tatlhegelô ya kgolô ya diphologolo, phokotsego ya mašwi, loso lwa diphologolo le dipaka tse di telele tsa kganelo ya diromelwa-ntle e e bewang mo ditlhagisweng tsotlhe tse di ka tswang di kgotlhelegile, le maungo le merogo tota.

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome

Kwa ntle ga African Swine Flu (ASF), Classic Swine Flu (CSF) le sehuba sa molomo le tlhakwana, go na gape le porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) - ‘bolwetse jwa tsebe ya mmala wa loapi’. Bolwetse jono jwa moeng bo nyeleditswe gotswa mo Afrika Borwa makgetlho ale mmalwa fa e sale ka 2007 mme bo ka bowa gape. Ditshupabolwetse tse kgolo tsa PRRS ke tatlhegelô-mpa, thibano le letshoroma. Ga bo bolaye jaaka ASF.

Kalafo ya Malwetse a Kolobe

Ga gona kalafi e e jaaka dilwantshamegare ya malwetse ano a megare. Ka bobedi ke ‘malwetse a a laolwang’ goya ka Animal Health Act. Seno se raya gore pelaelo nngwe le nngwe ya go runya e tshwanetse go begelwa State Veterinarian mme dikgatô tsa taolô di tlile go nna mo diatleng tsa Puso gangwe fela fa bolwetse bo sena go netefatswa.
Ga gona moêntô wa ASF, mme ga gona o o rulaganngwang mo nakong eno. Le meêntô e e siameng tota e ka sia diphologolo tse di falotseng tse di tshotseng mogare ntle le go bontsha ditshupabolwetse. Tlhotlhoro ya ka gale ya mogare wa ASF e ka simolola go runya go gongwe.

Meêntô ya FMD e teng mme gantsi e diriswa mmogo le kwarantini le tlhaolô mo lefelong le le tshwaetsegileng. Fa go tlhokagala, puso e ka bolaya diphologolo tsotlhe tse di tshwaetsegileng le tse di amilweng ke bolwetse jwa molomo-le-tlhakwana mme e fedise ditoto jaaka yona tsela fela e e manontlhotlho ya go fedisa mogare.
Ka kopo lemoga:
Tshedimosetso ke ya mabaka fela a thuto le tshedimosetso mme e ka se tsewe jaaka kgakololô ya kalafi. Maikaelelo a tshedimosetso eno ga se go nna mo boemong jwa kgakololô ya kalafi kgotsa kalafo e e rebolwang ke ngaka ya gago ya diphologolo.

Translated by Nchema Rapoo