Bomangoza bayinhlobo lekhokha inhlanyelo lekuchaza kutsi lenhlanyelo iyahluka ngelinani kuusuak kumnyaka munye kuya kulolandzelako. Ingadze lenhle yekunakekelwa lokulungiselelwe, kufana nekufakwa kwamanyolo, inganciphisa umehluko wenhlanyelo. Noma lushintjo lwa 25% kuya ku 30% ekukhokheni phakatsi kwekuvuna lokwenteka muva kuvame kugadzeka.
Kukhokha kwa Mangoza
Kukhokha kwa mangoza kukaleka ngemathani ku hekitha (lelinani lako kokubili ˈngekhatsiˈ na ˈngaphandleˈ kweminyaka) kanye nekutsembela kulomnyaka wetihlahla, inhanyelo yamangoza, kuvuleka kwetihlahla engadzeni, emalungiselelo ekunakekela (kufana nekufakwa kwamanyolo) kanye naletinye tintfo.
Kukhokha lokuphakeme kwenhlanyelo kufaka sikhatsi lesisemuva iKeitt – emathani lamahumi lamatsatfu ngelihekitha, sikhatsi-sekucala Tommy Atkins, iSensation kanye ne Jua, onkhe lamathani lamashumi latsatfu ne Keitt lengakhokha emathani lalishumi nesihlanu kuhekitha.
Indlela yekuVuna Bomangoza
Bomangoza bakhiwa ngetandla, kuze kube tikhatsi letine ngesikhatsi sekuvuna. Lesitselo sivunwa ngesigaba lesibitwa ngekukhula lesiluhlata futsi akukameli siphatanyiswe nekuvutfwa. Bomangoza labakhulile bangavutfwa ngemuva kwekukhiwa phindze ˈkutsenge sikhatsiˈ ngekuphatfwa kanye nekusakatwa kwalesitselo.
Kukhula kungachazwa ngekusebentisa lishathi lelibala lekuhambisa sitselo noma ngekwenta sibonelo, ngekuhlola libala lelimtfubi, kushintja phansi kwa mangoza wa Juda na Sensation. Letinye tintfo letifana nekuma, tinhlavu kanye nekuchazwa kulendzawo yelihlanga kungaphindze kusite kuchaza kulunga kwenhlanyelo letsite kwentela kuvuna. Luhlolo lolubonakalako lwasonkhe sikhatsi engadzeni lubalulekile kuchaza sikhatsi sekuvuna.
Emahlanga amangoza akhokha lokumanti lokuyi latex noma ˈlibisiˈ lekungabanga umonakalo wekusha ngetulu kwesikhumba salomangoza. Labanye bakhiciti basebentisa lokuphambanako lokumcoka kwentela kuvumela lolokulubisi kutsi kwehle, labanye bakhetsa kuwasha lesitselo ngemuva kwekusivuna ngendlea lekhweshile kwentela kuvikela kushiswa ngulolokulubisi.
Lesikhatsi lesinconyiwe sekuvuna sitselo lesesikhulile kusukela nga 09:00 kuya ku 15:00 kwentela ku nciphisa kwehla kwalokulubisi, kepha loku akusiko lokuvame kwentiwa.
Kunakekelwa Kwekucala kweKuvuna bo Mangoza
Bomangoza bayahlelwa kulengadze, ngekuya kwemakilasi 1 kuya ku 3. Likilasi la 3 lesitselo, kaningi, lihlukanisiwe kusuka kulokusele ngenca yekulimateka kwesikhumba kwaso, lekubangwa tinyoni, emabala lentiwa ngumoya noma kusuke kukuncane kakhulu noma kukhulu. Letitiselo titfunyelwa kuyokwakha lokuyijusi (sitselo lesincane) noma komisa (sitselo lesikhulu).
Likilasi lekucala nelikilasi lesibili lesitselo lihlelwa ngekupakishwa ngekuya kwelinani, kuma, kubonwa kwesikhumba kanye nekulimala bese kupakishwa emakhathonini langu 2 kg noma 4 kg.
iAnthracnose kanye nekubola ekugcineni kwelihlanga ngutona tintfo letimbili letibalulekile tesifo ngekuvunwa ngekushesha kwesitselo samangoza kanye nemanti lashisako ekwelapha (hot water treatment – HWT) kusetjentiselwa tizatfu tekufundza titjalo ekuhambiseni sitselo. iHWT ayentiwa kutotonkhe tindzawo tase Ningizimu Afrika tibe letinye tindzawo tingatfoli kakhulu lesifo. Ngesikhatsi se HWT, titselo letiluhlata letikhulile tifakwa imuzuzu lesihlanu emantini lashisisiwe kuya ku mashumi lamane nesikhombisa. Kulesisimo selitulu, kubangeka-kwetifo kuyabulaleka ngaphandle kwekulimata lesitselo.
Kuvutfwa kwa Mangoza
Bomangoza titselo tesimo selitulu. Loku kuchaza kutsi bangavutfwa ngemuv kwekuvunwa. Bomangoza bangavunwa nasebakhulile kepha babebacinile futsi bangakhona kumelana nekushintjwa kwekubahambisa kanye nekuphatfwa ngalokuphindzekile njengoba bachubeka bavutfwa. Njengesitselo sesimo selitulu, kuvutfwa kwamangoza kungetsintfwa phindze kulungiswe ngekwelapha ngagesi lokahe.
Kushintja kwekuvutfwa kumangoza kungenteka ngesimo lesisuka ku 10 kuya ku 30°C. kukhula kwelibala kukahle ku 16°C, kube kukhula kwesinongo kuhambela ku 27°C.
Gcina bomangoza ngesimo sekushisa kweligumbi noma ubavutsise ngekutsi ubavale esikhwameni lemaphepha emalanga lamabili. Uma bapholile, angeke bavutfwe, nomakunjalo, batsi nasebavutsiwe, bomangoza bangagcinwa efrigini noma bafakwe emakhatane efrigi kuze kube tinyanga letisitfupha.
Nakaluhlata (angakavutfwa) mangoza uyakhiwa bese kwentiwa iatchar – intfo lebabako, ledliwa nenyama lebandzako, kudla lokubabako kanye nesitjulo, kufakwa emantini eluswayi phindze angasetjentiswa acotjiwe waba tincetu kusaladi, kunongwe ngemacembe kanye netinongo, noma luswayi noma ivinegar.
Translated by Phindile Malotana