Kunakekela umbila

Mielie garden in Schmitsdrift, Northern Cape. Subsistence farming watering the plants

Kushintja titjalo

Kushintja titjalo kuhlale kuyintfo lenhle ngoba loku kuvikela kutsi kugcwale tilwanyana kanye netifo. Titjalo longatishintja nembila, tifaka ekhatsi: emabhontjisi, emazambane, tibhidvo letinemacembe, wheat kanye ne alfalfa.
Sivuno (bunyenti)
longasigadza: 10 tonnes
Lesikahle: 15 tonnes
Lesihle: 25 tonnes +

Kuvuna

©Louise Brodie

Commercial farm irrigation of a maize field

Kuvunwa kwembila kwentiwa nangabe tibhuluja setomile ngoba umbila lomnyenti utsengiselwa kudliwa. Lesikhatsi sekuvuna singaba semkhatsini kwemaviki langu 9 kuya emavikini langu 14 kusukela uhlanyele. Kuya ngaleyo nhlobo yenhlanyelo noma simo selitulu, ngoba kubandza kwenta kuvuna kube semuva kwesikhatsi lesidze. Kuvuna kufuna kwentiwe nangabe tinhlamvu seticala tikhipha emanti lamhlophe.
Hlola letinhlamvu usebentisa sandla kutsi uphule inhlavana. Letimbali letisetulu kwalesihlahla sembila sona sitoshintja umbala sibe bubendze. Kuvuna ngesikhatsi lesikahle kumcoka kakhulu, ngoba kwandlula lesigaba lapho khona inhlamvu ikhipha emanti lamhophe, letinhlamvu tibese ticala koma futsi tiphelelwe bunandzi.
Kuvunwa ngesandla etinsimini letincane, bese kuvunwa ngemushina emasimini lamakhulu.

Kubeka umbila

Kungumbono lomuhle kakhulu kutsi uhambise futsi utsengise umbila nawucedza kuwuvuna. Emazinga ekushisa laphansi labo 0 °C kuya ku 2 °C ku 95%+ (RH). Uma ugcinwe kulawa mazinga, umbila ungabekwa emalanga langu 7 kuya ku 10 futsi ungalahlekelwa bunandzi bawo. Emuva kwalapho acala kuphelelwa bunandzi kanye na shukela.

Tilwanyana

Bollworm, Aphids, Nematodes, Stalk Borers, Spider mite, Cutworms ne leaf hoppers ngito letijwayeleke kakhulu.

Tifo

Tifo letijwayeleke kakhulu nguleti, Leaf Blight, Streak virus, Rust, Ear ne Stalk rot, kanye ne Grey Leaf Spot.
Kute ukhone kuvikela tilwanyana kahle, kumcoka kutsi uhlale ubheka titjalo takho futsi utfole bocwephesha kutsi bakusite.

Translated by Thandokuhle Motha