Oyili wema olive ukhicitwa kuma olives laphelele. Tihlahla tema olive titfolwa ngasendzaweni yase Mediterranean laph khona busika nesivuvu kanye neluhlobo kukudze, komile phindze kufutfumele. Ema olives, nomakunjalo, angalinywa nomangukuphi nesimo lapho kutekhona sitfwatfwa, umhlabatsi lodvonswe kahle nekunisela noma kunakwemvula, ngekuma, kwemakhulu lasiphohlongo ngemnyaka.
Ema olives ayacindzetelwa ngemahora ekuvunwa, asilwe bese ayahlukaniswa kutintfo leticinile nakujusi, ngaphambi kwekufakwa emabhodleleni.
Kuvunwa kwema Olives
Ema olives angavunwa ngesandla noma ngemshina, kuvuna ngesandla, kuvama kuhambisana nekulimala lokuncane kwema olives kanye nelizinga lelihle le oyili, kwengeta lokuhle ekubiteni kwemkhicito – eNingizimu Afrika, kufike ku 40% ngalokuphelele.
Kuvunwa kwe olive eNingizimu Afrika kucala ekupheleni kwenyanga yeNdlovu Lencane noma ekungeneni kwenyanga yeNdlovu Lenkhulu, kanye neluhla lwema olive laluhlata, bese kuphela ngenyanga yeNgci, nekwekugcina kwenhlanyelo yasekupheleni.
Ema olive eluhla akhiwa ngesandla afakwe entfweni bese oyili wema olive uyadvonswa (‘uyasengwa’) kumanethi emhlabatsini ngaphansi kwetihlahla.
Lesikhatsi sekuvuna singachazwa libala, sinongo se oyili wekugcina, imphilo yaseshelufini kanye netindlela tekuphila. Ngetinhlobo tema olive latsite, laphansi ngekutfwalwa kwe polyphenol ngemanatural, kucala ngekuvuna enyangeni lesemuva kunganciphisa imphilo eshelufini ye oyili ngetinyanga letine. Ngako, letintfo letifunwa ekupheleni kwelizinga lwe oyili lichazwa lusuku lwekuvuna.
Lokuluhlata (lokusekangakhuli kahle) ema olives aphatsa lokunebusha, phindze atsatfwa njengentfo lenekuklamutela, kanye nebumunyu ekugcineni kwekuhlanganisa kwe oyili. Ema olives laluhlata asetulu nge polyphenols (akahlangani) kanye naletinyetintfo, ngako oyili lowentiwe ngema olive langakavutfwa anemphilo lendze eshelufini, ngenca yetintfo tendalo letivalelwe.
Ema olives lakhiwe muva (libala ligucuka kusuka kuleliluhlata kuya kubovu losa lukhwebeletana) acala kunika titselo letiningi tetinongo. iOyili imtfubi kakhulu nyalo phindze inetitselo phindze inekunongotela. Le oyili lekhokhwa kuma olives kusigaba lesibovu sekuvutfwa sidvute kufika ekugcineni ngesisindvo lesomile.
Atsi ema olives nakavutfwa, lesikhumba siyashintja kusuka kulukhwebeletana kuya kumnyama. Laba bo oyili, kusuka ekuvuneni sitselo muva, anelibala leligolide, amunyu kancane, kepha angalimala ngesikhatsi sekuvunwa phindze abenemphilo lemfisha eshelufini. Lokukhokhwa kwe oyili kusetulu.
Lizinga lelikahle le oyili lakheka kusuka kuma olives cishe lasakhulile ngesigaba lesibovu wekuvutfwa.
Kwakhiwa kwe Oyili yema Olive
Kuze kwakheke oyili losezingeni lelikahle, ema olive kumele acindzetelwe ngemahora lamashumi lamabili nakune ekuvunwa. Ngemuva kwekuvuna, emacembe kanye netinsaba kuyasuswa bese ema olives ayawashwa kuze ahlobe kuphume tilwanyana, lutfuli kanye nalokunye kungcola. Ema olives abese ayatsatfwa ngelibhande amikiswa emilini, lapho atobese ayagaywa khona abengubhotela.
Kuhlanganiswa kwalobhotela emaminitsi lamashumi lamabili kuya kumashumi lamane nesihlanu kubese kuyalandzela. Kuhlanganisa kufaka kuhlanganisa lobhotela kwentela kuvumela ematfonsi alo oyili kutsi ahlukane ne oyili bese kufakwa kumatfonsi lamakhulu. Sinyatselo lesilandzelako, oyili uhlukaniswa nema olive lamasha kanye nemanti ngemandla. Oyili ubese ushiywa emathangeni kwentela kuhlukanisa kabanti ngenchubo lebitwa ngekutsi ‘iyadvonsa’. Le oyili ingasefwa ngaphambi kwekufakwa emabhodleleni.
Lenye inchubo lengadzingeka kwentela kutfutfukisa lelizinga le oyili ifaka kuseka kwentela kunciphisa iesidi kanye nekuphucula sinngo, kuhlobisa – kunciphisa ichlorophyll, tilwanyana nalokunye, ne deodorization.
Kushisa lelishubhu lema olive kungakhulisa kukhokha kwe oyili. Nomakunjalo, kwentela ‘kutsatsa lokubandzako’ kuchaza, kutsi kute lizinga lekushisa noma kubandza leliphakeme kuna 28°C ngesikhatsi senchubo yekutsatsa lesivunyelwako.
Le oyili lehlobile ibese igcinwa kumathange latinsimbi leticinile letigcinwe esimeni lesingaphansi kwa 28°C kuze kufike ekufakweni emabhodleleni kwentela ticelo letitsite. Lizinga le oyili ye olive ligcineka kahle kakhulu ethangeni kunasebhodleleni.
Oyili losuka kutinhlobonhlobo letihamba ngasinye unganambitfwa ngaphambi kwekuhlanganiswa kwentela siciniseko sekutfola lesinongo lesifunwako kanye nemphilo yaseshelufini.
Imphilo Yelishelufa ye Oyili yema Olive
Oyili lomusha unetintfo temphilo letiningi. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, kuhlangana kuyavela, lokwenta kubenekuwa kwetintfo letifana ema esidi emafutsa.
Oyili wema olive longakavunwa unemphilo yelishelufa lelitinyanga letilishumi nesiphohlongo kuya kumashumi lamabili nakune, kepha nasekuvuliwe, le oyili ingasetjentiswa emkhatsini wemalanga langemashumi lamatsatfu kuya kumalanga lamashumi lasitfupha. Gcina ukhweshise elangeni noma ekukhanyeni, egumbini lesimo sekushisa noma kubandza kwentela kuvikela kuhlangana. Kubeka efrigini kungenta kutsi kubesitaputapu ngekhatsi ebhodleleni; emanti aphatamisa lizinga le oyili.
Translated by Phindile Malotana