iHemp, yintfo ye Cannabis sative, letfwele tigaba letiphansi te euphoric cannabinoid iTHC, seyisetjentisiwe njengentfo ekwakheni ngisho nangetikhatsi tamandvulo. Kufana nekutsi, yasetjentiswa ngema Roma amandvulo kutsi ivikele lokuhlanganiswa kwa semende, sihlabats nemanti kulamabholoho abo phindze lama Chinese asebentisa kuhlanganiswa kwe hemp leyajutjwa, ilimestone leshayiwe, kanye ne oyili ye tung kwentela kuala imikhumbi yabo.
Tindlela te Hemp teTintfo teKwakha
Tindlela letiningi te hemp (Cannabis sativa) tisetjentiswa kulendzawo yekwakha.
Lesigodvo lesingekhatsi se luhlanga lwe hemp, lesiluhlukaniswe kule fibre lendze sasesiyajutjwa siba tincetu sibitwa ngekutsi yi Hemp hurd. iHurd yakha lokungaba ngu 70% weluhlanga lwe hemp. Lena hemp inesilica letfwele lokuhambela ku 70% lokuvumela kutsi kuhlangane kahle nelimestone.
iHempcrete yakhiwe ngekuhlanganisa lelingekhatsi lesigodvo lelijutjiwe laba ticucu teluhlanga lwe hemp kanye nalokuhlanganisile lokufaka le hydraulic lime yemvelo kanye nelilani lelincane la semende. iHempcrete isetjentiswa njengentfo lengetetelako ‘’le-gcwalisako’’ emkhatsini wentfo lesakhiwo sesigodvo selibondza.
Lesikhumba lesingaphandle noma ibast fibre yeluhlanga lwe hemp kucindzetelwa kube tikwele letingakakhiwa, lokutintfo te fibre ye hemp levakalako, konkhe kusetjentiswa ekufakeni phindze nasekwakheni emabondza. Lamashidi ehemp angasetjentiswa njengentfo lemelele ligilasi le fibre lelifakwa etingubeni tekulala.
Tinhlavu te hemp tiyacindzetelwa kuze takhe oyili we hemp, losetjentiswa ekucedzeleni sigodvo, libala lelicinile phindze nasekomiseni pende.
Tintfo te Hemp teKwakha
iHempcrete angeke imelele siyilo lesibophelelwe ngoba inesisindvol lesikalekile. iHemp, nomakunjalo, inetigaba letibaluleke kakhulu tekufakela – yebo ngetulukwe tigaba letitsite. Phinze, isebenta kahle njengesisindvolesimelula ‘’kugcwalisa’’ kuyaphefumuleka phindze kubambeke kahle.
Njengetintfo letifaka letifaka kufutfamala kancane, ihemp ingachaza kushisa ngekhatsi, ivikele ematfonsi kutintfo letingekhatsi phindze ingabamba lokufika kumalitha lalishumi nakune emanti. iHemp iphindze itintfo letincane letiphilako letibanga tifo phindze netilwanyana ayitivumi.
iHemp yinhlanyelo lekhula ngekushesha lenetidzingo letincane temanti futsi ayidzingi emakhemikhali kutsi akhuliswe noma akhiwe abe yi hurd. Kuyacatjangwa kutsi imelana nalokungaba lihekitha linye lelingakhokha emathani lasiphohlongo ehemp ye hurd. Loku kwenele kutsi kunike tinfo tekwakha ta 50m² letihleli khona.
Kwengeta ngesisindvo salenhlanyelo lemelula nalekhula ngekushesha, ihemp ngalendlela ye hemcrete yintfo lengavumi icarbon. Lokukuchaza kutsi kukhunga icarbon dioxide kule atmosphere ngelisikali sa 110 kg CO² ku m³ welibondza le hempcrete..
Kutsatsa tonkhe titnfo letikahle te hemp – kufakela, kuphefumuleka kanye ne CO² - lokubita kwelibondza le hemp kungafana nekubita kwe libandza le masonry lefakwe na 60 mm we extruded polystyrene.
Emabhilidi eHemp eNingizimu Afrika
Inkapani lepopola tindzawo eCape Town seyisebentise ihemp njengentfo yekwakha kusuka ngemnyaka wa 2008. Letinye taletizatfu tekusebentisa ihemp kuncishiswa kwe tinyatselo te carbon talenchubo yelibhilidi, kufakelwa kwetintfo te hemp’ kanye nekubalula ngekwakha ngayo. Lentfo yekugcina lekhomba kutsi kwakha nge hemp akudzingi bantfu labaningi kutsi babenelwati lwekakha emabhilidi.
Ku Ningizimu Afrika yonkhana sakhiw se hemp (tindlu), ihemp yasetjentiswa ngendlela ye hempcrete yekugcwalisa emkhatsini wetakhiwo tetigodvo. eCape Town, libhilidi lelitigaba letilishumi nakubili selakhiwe (ngemnyaka wa 2012) ngekusebentisa titina te hemp kwentela emabondza langaekhatsi. Ngalokuhle ngaloku ngulokungaphansi kwe CO² yetinyatselo, umsindvo wekufakela kanye nekunciphisa sisindvo kumabondza angekhatsi.
Kusuka ngemnyaka wa 2019, ema hurd ehemp abalulekile, ikakhulu kusuka eUnited Kingdom nase France. Tintfo tase Ningizimu Afrika tenhlanyelo ye hemp setisetjentisiwe ekutfutfukiseni tincenye tetakhiwo, kepha kanjalo (ngemnyaka wa 2019) akunanhlanyelo lehambako yentsengo.
“kusetjentiswa kwe hemp kutinkapani temabhilidi kunelitfuba lelihle lekwakha imisebenti kanye nekuncipha kwe tinyatselo te CO² tesakhiwo se nkapani iphelele”, kusho Oliver Wolf wase WolfneWolf Architects.
Lelitiko lime ngebunono limele hulumende wase Ningizimu Afrika kutsi avumele balimi kutsi bahlanyele ihemp. Kulesikhatsi, emaNingzimu Afrika afungatsa tindlela letihambako te hemp kusuka kubomakhelwane beMmango Lotfutfukisako wase Ningizimu Afrika (South African Development Community – SADC) emave lesavele abona litfuba lelikhulu le hemp kuminotfo yawo.
Translated by Phindile Malotana