Lamalitchisi noma emal lychee njengoba aphindze abitwe kanjalo (Litchi chinensis) yimvelaphi yetigodzi letishisako tase ningizimumpuma yase China kantsifutsi sekahlanyelwe lapho kusuka ngeminyaka ya 2000 A.D. Lesitselo sikhula kutikhehle letimelula noma letihlangane, tihlahla letikhula kancancane letihlala tiluhlata letingakhula tibesemkhatsini wemamitha layimfica nemashumi lamatsatfu ngekuphakama. Tihlahla tiyindingilizi ngetulu futsi tibanti natiya etulu.
Letitselo tingaba ngemagungumence lamakhulu labovu, laphinki noma phinki losansundvu ngelibala nasekavutsiwe, phindze abesandingilizi, amise kwenhlitiyo noma acishe abeyindingilizi ngekwakheka. Sitselo semalitchisi sihlelwa njenge drupe. Lolokuyinyama lokunongotelako, lokunukelelako nalokungakavuleki kuvaleke ngesikhumba lesimelula kusicata, lesisasikhumba phindze lesihwayako. Lendumbu yalelilitchisi ingabasandingilizi noma ibeyincane phindze imise ‘kwelulwimi lwe nkhunkhu’.
Lamalitchisi ahlobene nema rambutan kanye nema longan, titselo letimbili letinenyama lefanako, tiyatiwa eAsia. Le rambutan ivaleke ngalokuhlabako lokubovu nalokuluhlata kantsi futsi inesinongo lesicreamy ibe le longan (‘sitselo seliso lelikhulu’) inesikhumba lesinsundvu lohhwabile kantsi inekuvelela kakhulu njenge tart.
Kulinywa kwema Litchisi
iChina nguyona iyinkhulu ngekukhicita emalitchisi, ibe iNingizimu Afrika ingulencane kepha ingumkhiciti lobalulekile endzaweni lese ningizimu. Lelitiko lema litchisi eNingizimu Afrika lakhiwe etindzaweni tekuhlanyela letimbalwa letibukwe ngesivuno lesincane - kusuka emkhatsini - wenyanga yeMphala kuya kunyanga yeNdlovana - letsatsa ngenyanga yeNgongoni.
Tihlahla temalitchisi tinkhulu phindze tihlala tiluhlata futsi ticolela simo selitulu lesishisako futsi lesimantana nemahlabatsi lodvonseke kahle iesidi. Akhokha sitselo emvakwalesinye, kuchaza kutsi akhokha inhlanyelo lenkhulu ngemnyaka munye bese kuba sivuno lesincane ngemnyaka lolandzelako.
Kusetjentiswa kwema Litchisi
Sitselo semalitchisi kumelula kusicata kantsi nalendumbu iphunyuka kamelula kulenyama lenongotelako, lenukelelako, lebonakalisako. Lesisitselo lesincane lesinemanutrition sidliwa sisesinsha, singaba nejusi, sentiwe jamu, emaswidi phindze sifakwe etikoteleni. Nomakunjalo, lesitselo satiwa kutsi silahlekelwa kunukelela kwaso nasifakwe etikoteleni.
Ijusi lensha yemalitchisi ihlangana kancono nejusi yema orintji kanye ne lime kepha kumele isetjentiswe ngekushesha. Kuchubekisa imphilo yaseshelufini yejusi yemalitchisi, lokugciniwe lokufana ne potassium meta-bisulphate kungasetjentiswa. Liwayini lema litchisi lelingaba ngu 11% ngekutfwala tjwala kanye nekunukelela kwembali.
Emalitchisi lacatiwe angafakwa efrigini omiswe, nendumbu noma ngaphandle kwendumbu, kwentela kubuyisa lesinongo senalo. Letitselo tingomiswa ngekufakwa efrigini ngesitaputapu lesinongotelako futsi titoba sesimeni lesikahle kakhulu ngetinyanga letilishumi nakubili natipholisiwe phindze tigcinwe ku 25°C.
Emalitchisi Lomisiwe
Emalitchisi angomiswa nawo kepha kwenteka ngesikali sentsengo eNingizimu Afrika. Bumantana buyalahleka nakusentiwa lenchubo, kepha wonkhe emanutrients ayabuyiseka. Ngesikhatsi salenchubo, lesikhumba siyacina kepha sibuyisa kuma kwaso kanye nelibala ngenca yekunakwa nge sulphur dioxide. Le sulphur dioxide iphindze itfutfukisa letikhala letincane talesikhumba iphindze itfutfukise lenchubo yekomisa. Lenyama, nomakunjalo, ibayincane. Lokungaba ngu 4.5 kg wenyama yemalitchisi itokhokha 1 kg wemalitchisi lomile. Lemphiloyelishelufa yemalitchisi lomile itinyanga letisitfupha.
Kugcina emaLitchisi Lasemasha
Emalitchisi lasemasha angagcinwa ngekutsi kufakwe sitselo lesicatiwe ku lokuhlanganisiwe kwe saline lokungu 30% - kubuyisa lolokumhlophe kulesitselo. Ngemuva kwelihora, susa lesitselo kulolokuhlanganisiwe phindze ususe lolokwakhekile lokumhlophe. Emasiko ase Asia, ikakhulu ngesifundvo sase China, kutsenjwa kutsi kususa lolokumhlophe kulesitselo semalitchisi kunganciphisa ‘umlilo’. Kulesisimo, ‘umlilo’ yintfo yinye yetintfo tendalo letisihlanu temphilo. Umlilo usho noma ukhomba emandla kanye netintfo temoya. Ngekwengeta, ‘umlilo’ ungaphindze ubukeke ngekuba nemkhuhlane noma kubandza, kungakhoni kulala kahle, kubulawa yinhloko kanye nekoma. Phindze bayacwayisa kutsi kudliwe emacatsa lambalwa ekucala enyama noma lisobho lenyama ngaphambi kwekudla emalitchisi kwentela ‘kunciphisa umlilo’. Lesinye secwayiso kungukutsi akukameli kudliwe emalitchisi langetulu kwalalishumi ngesikhatsi sinye.
Lokutfolwa kumaLitchisi
Emalitchisi aphakeme nge antioxidant, ngavitamin B2 (iriboflavin), ipotassium kanye necopper. Kuyacatjangwa kutsi emalitchisi lasikhombisa ayalingana na vitamin C lotfwele liwolintji linye na 100% lonconyiwe lotsatfwa ngumuntfu lomdzala.
Emalitchisi atfwele ihypoglycin lengehlisa tigaba tashukela. Ingabayingoti ngesikhatsi kudliwa emalitchisi lasengakavutfwa esiswini lesingenalutfu. Emalitchisi aphindze avutsiwe ng polyphenols (antioxidant), kufaka ekhatsi iproanthocyanidins. Letitintfo tingasita kuvikela sifo samdlavuza kanye netifo tenhlitiyo.
Translated by Phindile Malotana