Yini i-Pearl Millet?

Ukutlhadlhula kanye Nemvelaphi Yayo

©Shanmugamp7
i-Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) sitjalo eside esingasabi isomiso esikhula sifike ku-3 m ngobude esinamakari amade anga ngutjhefana, sinemirabhu etjhingelako. Imirabhu yaso etjhingelako yenza istjalwesi bona singatjhwenywa sisomiso besiqine ngombana sirhona ukuthola amanzi ngaphasi ehlabathini. I-pearl millet ikhiqiza iintanga ezidliwa babantu begodu istjalo soke singadliwa zinnlwane
Kukholelwa bona zivela emfundeni ezisepumalanga ye-Sahara eAfrica eminyakeni eyi- 4 000 eyadlulako. Yaziwa ngbizo i-bulrush millet, manna (ngebizo le-Afrikaans), leotsa (ngesi-Sepedi), nyalothi (ngesiSotho), inyouti (isiNdebele), mhuga, mhungu (ngesi-Shangaan) nanyana unyaluthi, unyawoti and unyawothi (ngesiZulu).
I-pearl millet stjalo sesithathu esiqakathekile esitjalweko ngokuya ngokwe-SADC (Southern African Development Community) ikhiqizwa endaweni engaba ma-hectare ayi-0.9 million, e-Namibia kanye ne-Tanzania ikhiqiza i-27%. Inarha ekhiqiza i-pearl millet enengi yiNdiya ekhiqiza amatani ayi-11 Million yamatani ngonyaka (2014).
Itjalwa babantu abazitjalelako endaweni ezisemakhaya eSewula Africa eendaweni emfundeni ezitjhisako ezinezulu.

Isetjenziswa njani i-Pearl Millet

Ukuncipha kokutjalwa kwe-pearl millet, kutjalwe isphila kubangwa zizinto ezahlukahlukeneko: irhubhululo selenze bona isphila silethe inzuzo kune-pearl millet begodu ngebanga lokobana kulula ukusilungisa isphila kunayo. Lokhu kurholela ekobaneni isphila sitjalwe eendaweni esingafanelwa bona sitjalwe kizo lapha singabi sihle khona. I-pearl millet imila eendaweni ezitjhisa khulu nezome khulu ukobana ingakhipha isivuno esihle (nanyana kobana kumile amabele).
Konekolelo yokobana i-pearl millet kukudla kwenlwane, nokobana ayifanelwa ukudliwa nanyana ngubani ngaphandle kwabantu abalambako. Lokhu akusilo iqiniso. I-pearl millet kukudla okumumethe amaprotheyini angaba yi-9%, i-amino acid kanye namafutha kunesphila. Iyagayeka kunamabele ngombana imumethe i-tannins, into enzotho ngombala enokunambitheka okutjhuqileko. I-pearl millet isetjenziswa njengereyisi, nanyana njengeflowura ku- rotis, ekudleni okubilisiweko, emratheni, ku-couscous, iinselweni kanye nakuma-snacks.
I-pearl millet ikhiqiza iintaga ezingana-gluten, ezizele amandla kodwana inezinga eliphasi le- glycemic index (i-GI ephasi). Inezinga eliphezulu lamafutha, amaprotheyini, i-iron, zinc kanye ne-phosphorus (P)- P iqakatheke khulu ekukhuleni kwaathambo. Imbewu zayo zingadliwa ziphekiwe, isetjenziselwa ukubilisa ibhiya nanyana isilwe yenziwe iflowura. Njengokudla kwenlwane, itjalelwe ukukhiqiza i-silage, i-hoyi nanyana ingadliwa yifuyo lokha nayisese hlaza.
Njengokudla kwenlwane, iintanga zayo zingaphiwa iinkukhu, istjalo esihlazesi singasetjenziswa njengokudla kwenkomo sisetjenziselwe nokwenza i-silage nehoyi.inhlanga zayo zingasetjenziselwa ukuluka amabhaskedi, ukufulela kanye nokwenza amafentsi

Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana