Ukutjalwa Kwayo
Ukutjala ilethisi kwenziwa ngembewu. Nanyana imbewu yelethisi imila emazingeni apholileko angaphasi kwe-as 5°C, ekumazinga amahle wokobana imile nokubana amaplantjisi wayo athuthuke nokuqiniseka bona kutholwa isivuno esifanako kanye nokuyihengisa lokha nayibekwe emazingeni ahlangana kwe-18°C kanye ne-22°C.Iindlela Zokuyitjala
Ukutjalwa kwayo kwenziwa ngokuyitjala ngembewu emibhedeni yayo nokuhlukanisa amaplantjisi ngemva kokobana amile, nanyana lokhu kutlhoga izandla begodu kuyabiza.Abatjali abanengi abatjala ngomncopjho wokwenza inzuzo batjala amaplantjisi akhiqizwe kuma-greenhouse alungela ukutjalwa ngemva kwemveke ezine ukuya kwezihlanu ngemva kobana bawatjale.
Indawo encani ingatjalwa ngezandla kodwana lapha kutjalwa khona ngomcopho wokwenza inzuzo batjala ngemitjhini nanyana imitjhini ebarhelebha ukutjala.
Iinkhundla
Ukobana wenza iinkhundala ezingangani lokha nawutjala i-lettuce. Iinkhundla zokutjala i-lettuce kutlhogeka bona zibe hlangana kwama-hectare. Tjala iintjalo ze-lettuce ezihlangana kwe-60 000 ukuya ku-120 000 qobe li-hectare. Itjalwa emibhedeni yembewu ephakanyisiweko engaba hlangana kwe-1000 mm ukuya ku-1200 mm emumethe amareyi ahlukene nge-20 ukuya ku-30 cm wentjalo zenkhundla ezihlangana kwamareyi ahlukaniswe nge-15 ukuya ku-20 cm. Imibhede yembewu ukobana kutlhogeka bona ibe mikhulu kangangani imedwa ngobukhulu betregera nanyana amavilo wayo.Isikhathi Sokutjala
Tjala imbewu ye-lettuce ngetwasahlobo kanye nangesiruthwana lokha amazinga womtjhiso apholileko nangemva komtjhiso wehlobo.Iskhathi Sokutjala
Ungatjala amaplantjisi we-lettuce unyaka woke kwaphela amazinga omtjhiso nakalungileko nanyana kunganambethe omnengi webusika ongayibulala nanyana ukonele iintjalo. Ungathola isivuno sentjalo ezintathu eendaweni ezifaneleke kobana ingatjalwa kiyo.Isikhathi Sokuyitjala
Kunemihlobo emine ye-lettuce ekhula ngenkhathi ezihlukeneko.I-Iceberg lettuces: Ikhula ngemva kwemveke eziyi-10 ukuya ku-12 uyitjalile.
I-Butter lettuces: Ngemva kwemveke ezisithandathu ukuya kwezilisumi.
I-Romaine lettuces: Ngemva kwemveke ezilisumi ukuya kwezilisumi nambili.
Ilethisi yamakari ahlukeneko: Ingakhiwa isikhathi eside ukusukela emvekeni ezihlanu ukuya kwezisithandathu ukuya phambili.
Ukuyivundisa
Vundisa i-lettuce ngaso soke isikhathi ngokuya ngokwemiphumela yehlabathi oyithathe ngaphambi kokobana utjale nange ingekho faka isivundisi osifaka ngaphambi kokobana utjale esiyi-750 kg ye-2:3:4 (30) ehlanganiswe nehlabathi engaphezulu entjalweni ezisemareyini ukwenzela bona amaplantjisi amile kuhle.Isivundisi sesibili ekuyi-250 kg ye-LAN singafakwa emareyini wentjalo ngemva kwemveke ezilisumi utjalile ukwenza ncono iintjalo.
Sebenzisa i-drip irrigation ethandwa batjali abakhulu elingana namanzi othelelela ngawo.
Ukuthelelela
Thelelela nge-overhead sprinkler, i-micro jet nanyana i-drip irrigation. Esebenza khulu yi-drip irrigation ngebanga lokobana ufaka isivundisi esilungileko begodu asonakali.Ngebanga lokobana i-lettuce imumethe amanzi ayi-80% iyazwela lokha nawuyithelelela ngamanzi amancani. Okungabangela bona itjhwabe begodu ingakhiphi iinthelo ezinengi. Ayifakwe amanzi amanengi imirabhu yayo ingabola.
Kuncono ukobana uhlole ihlabathakho ukobana ayigandeleleki ngokomkhumbulo. Faka ama-irrometers endaweni yoke oyitjalileko ukutjheja ubuswe qobe lilanga.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana