Ibizo lesayensi: Lactuta Sativa
Ibizo elijwayelekileko: Lettuce
Kuqatjangwa bona ivela enarheni ye-Asia, kodwana kukholelwa bona abantu beGibhide babantu bokuthoma abathuthukisa istjalwesi basenza bona sidleke kunaleso ebesitholakala emangweni egade sitjhuqile.
Namhlanje ivunwa ephasini loke emasimini avulekileko kanye nakuma-greenhouse. Endaweni ezilawulwako ezifana nakuma-greenhouse ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuhle begodu kulungele bona kungaragelwa phambili kobana isatjalaliswe emavikilini begodu sele kulethe inzuzo ebubulweni lokuyisabalalisa emavikilini amakhulu ayifunako, begodu afuna bona ifike ngesikhathi begodu irhone kobana ihlale ematjhelifini isikhathi eside, ukuze abathengi bayithole isesefretjhi.
Abakhiqizi abakhulu basakhiqiza i-lettuce emasimini avulekileko begodu sele batlame iindlela zokuyisabalalisa emavikilini woke ukuqiniseka bona ngeyekhwalithi.
Ukutlhadlhulwa Kwesitjalo
I-lettuce inesiqu esifitjhani esingaba masentimitha alisumi lapha kukhula khona amakari azele amanzi ahlezi inga yibholo, arhwamuzelako nanyana uyithola inamakari ahlukeneko athambileko. Isitjalo esizwelako begodu amakari waso anokala lula ngebanga lokobana anamanzi amanengi kungebangelo atjhwaba lula. Umrabhu wayo ongatjhingeliko usehlabathini engaphezulu esemasenthimitheni ayi-20 ukuya ku-30, istjalwesi sigandeleleka ngokomkhumbulo lokha singatholi amanzi aneleko. I-lettuce ayithandi umbethe.Ukusetjenziswa Kwayo
I-lettuce isetjenziselwa khulu ukwenza amasaladi kanye nama-sandwiches.Iintlhogeko Zehlabathi kanye Nokuyilungisa
I-lettuce ibayihle ehlabathini eyisanda ekhipha amanzi eneleveli ephezulu ye-organic composition. I-pH yehlabathi ihlangana kwe-6 kanye ne-7. Thatha amasampula wehlabathi ngaphambi kokobana uyitjale uwahlolise e-laboratory ethembekileko.Lungisa ihlabathakho ngokulungisa izakhimzimba kanye nesilinganiso se-pH, ngokufaka i-lime ehlabathini ene asidi enengi ufake godu umanyoro kanye nekhompowusti, kuhlanganisele ehlabathini engaphezulu eyi-300 mm ukuya ku-400 mm, kusasele inyanga ngaphambi kokobana utjale kiyo, ukwenzela bona uthole umkhiqizo omuhle.
Lokha nawulungisa ihlabathakho kokugcina, nokufanele ukwenze ivekeni ngaphambi kokobana utjale, hlanganisa isivundisi osifaka ngaphambi kokobana uvune kanye nama -trace element afunekako ehlabathini engaphezulu eyi-20 cm ukuya-30 cm ngokusebenzisa ihlabathi engaphezulu eyi-20 cm ukuya ku-30 cm ngokusebenzisa i-rotavator nanyana i-disc harrow ukuhlanganisa izakhimzimba ngombana lokhu kususa amaqa ehlabathini, kususe nekhula. Qiniseka bona utjala emareyini kanye nemibhedeni eleveli, ehlwengekileko ngokobana utjale ehlabathini efeyini. Lokhu kuqiniseka imbewu encani ye-lettuce itjaleka ngokulingana, ukuzokwenza bona imile ngokulinganako ithuthuke, beyikhule ngokulinganako. Lokhu kwenza umbhede omuhle wokutjala.
Abatjali abanengi bafaka amaphayiphi womhlobo we-drip irrigation emibhedeni lapha batjale khona imbewu yestjalwesi bavale iintjalwezi eziphakanyisiweko ngetjhwaratjhwara ukukhandela ukumila kwekhula kanye nokuphungula ukuphela kwamanzi eentjalweni. Amaplantjisi atjalwa nge-mulching yetjhwaratjhwara.
Ubujamo Bezulu
Yoke imihlobo ye-lettuce itlhoga ubujamo bezulu obupholileko begodu iba yihle lokha amazinga womtjhiso ahlangana kwe-15°C kanye ne-22°C. Lokha afikelela ku-28°C nanyana ngaphezulu enza bona istjalo sikhule sikhiphe imbewu msinya ngaphambi kokobana iinhloko zaso kanye namakaraso alungele ukuvunwa.Imihloyayo
Kunemihlobo emithathu ye-lettuce.Umhlobo weLettuce - Iceberg lettuces: Aviram, Commander, Del Oro, Del Rio, Empire 2000, Frosty, Great Lakes, Summer Gold, Tropical Emperor, Victory, Winter Crisp kanye ne-Winter Supreme.
I-Butter lettuces: All Year Round, Bibb, Boston kanye ne-Kragramer Sommer.
I-Romaine lettuces: Green Forest, Green Towers, Ideal, Jericho, Nautilus, Plato kanye ne-Rubicon.
I-lettuce enamakari ahlukeneko: Grand Rapids, Merlot, Oakleaf, Red sail, Red Fire, Ruby kanye ne-Simpson
Kuneminye imihlobo ye-lettuce eminengi, umhlobo ngamunye uhlukile kunomunye begodu nangendlela ukhiqizwa ngayo. Njeke kuncono uthole isiyeleliso ku-extension officer ukobana amavikili afuna umhlobo onjani ngokobana ihlabathakho ingafaneleka ukutjala umhlobo onjani wayo.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana