Igama elivamile: I-Lettuce
I-Lettuce kucatshangwa ukuthi ivela ezindaweni ezithile zase-Asia, kodwa kuthiwa abaseGibhithe bakholelwa ukuthi bayokuqala ukuqala ukutshala lesi sitshalo ngeflegi enokuthakazelisa okuvela emanzini okuqala asendle.
I-lettuce yanamuhla iyalinywa emhlabeni wonke kokubili emasimini avulekile nasezikhungweni zokugcina izithombo. Isimo esilawulwayo ekukhiqizeni okukhiqiza ukushisa kube kuhle kakhulu ekuhlinzekeni kokuthengiswa kwe-supermarket futhi uye wazuza ukunikezwa kwethisi nokuthengiswa kwamanani ezitolo ezinkulu ezifuna ukulungiswa futhi ngesikhathi sokulethwa kwemikhiqizo ngamakhono okukhulisa amasheya emakhasimende abo.
Abakhiqizi abakhulu basakhipha i-lettuce yasensimini evulekile futhi baye bahlakulela imikhakha yokuhlinzeka eyinkimbinkimbi ukuqinisekisa izinga kanye nesimo.
Incazelo Yesitshalo
I-lettuce inesigamu esifushane esingaba ngu-10 cm lapho amaqabunga amaqabunga ekhula khona abe ibhola eliqinile lamakhaza azinamanzi, amaqabunga amaqabunga noma izinhlobo zeqabunga ezikhululekayo ezibeka amaqabunga awo zibe yi-rosette yamaqabunga amancane, amathenda noma amathenda athandekile, amaqabunga amancane angenelela. Isitshalo esibucayi futhi amaqabunga awonakele kalula futhi ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwawo kwamanzi aphakeme, azokwazi kalula. Isimpande esingajulile sigxile kakhulu enhlabathini engaphezulu kuka-20 kuya kwezingu-30 ukuze izitshalo zizwele nokucindezeleka kwamanzi. Isitshalo se-lettuce sinqabile ngobumnandi beqhwa.Ukusetshenziswa
I-Lettule isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi kumaladi nakwe-sandwich.Izidingo Zomhlabathi Nokulungiselela
I-lettuce ingcono kakhulu enhlabathini yesihlabathi esondayo edla kahle futhi ibe nezinga eliphezulu lokubunjwa kwezinto eziphilayo. I-pH yenhlabathi kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-6 no-7. Thatha amasampula omhlabathi kahle ngaphambi kosuku lokutshala futhi uwahlaziye nge-laboratory ehloniphekile.Inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokutshala ukulungiselela inhlabathi ukukhiqiza okuhle ngokulungisa umhlabathi wezinto zomsoco kanye nokulinganiswa kwe-pH ngokufaka uketshezi lwe-lime ngenhlabathi enomsoco kanye nokwengeza izinto eziphilayo ezifana nama-compost noma umquba. Hlanganisa lezi zingxenyeni eziphezulu zika 300 mm kuya ku-400 mm.
Uma wenza ukulungiswa kokugcina kwenhlabathi isonto elilodwa ngaphambi kokutshala, faka umanyolo wokuvuna ngaphambi kokuvuna kanye nezici ezilandelwayo ezilandelanayo ezichumini ezingaphezulu kuka-20 cm kuya ku-30 cm usebenzisa i-rotavator noma i-disc ukuxuba kulezi zakhi njengoba lokhu kusebenza susa ama-clods enhlabathini. Le nqubo ibuye isebenze umsebenzi wokugcina ukhula oluthile. Qinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zezitshalo nezimbewu zisezingeni futhi umhlabathi uhle futhi uhlanzekile. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imbewu encane kakhulu ye-lettuce ingahlonywa ngokulinganayo ukuqinisekisa ukuvela okufanayo, ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa. Futhi inikeza umbhede omuhle uma utshala izithombo.
Abalimi abaningi batshayela amapayipi okunisela amanzi noma angena kulezi zibhebhe zembewu bese bemboza imigqa ehlwanyelwe yokutshala ne-plastic mulching ukuyeka ukhula nokunciphisa ukuhwamuka. Izithombo ke zitshalwe nge-plastic mulching.
Isimo Sezulu
Zonke izinhlobo ze-lettuce zidinga isimo sezulu esibucayi futhi senze kahle uma amazinga okushisa ngesikhathi sonyaka ekhulayo aphakathi kuka-15°C no-22°C. Lapho amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-28°C futhi ephakeme, kubangela ukuthi lesi sitshalo sikhule futhi sihambe enhlanzini ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba izinhloko namaqabunga zilungele ukuvunwa.Izinhlobo
Lezi yizinhlobo ezine zolethisi ezimbalwa.Izinhlayiya ze-Iceberg: i-Aviram, i-Commander, i-Del Oro, i-Del Rio, i-Empire 2000, i-Frosty, i-Great Lakes, i-Summer Gold, uMbusi weTropical, ukunqoba, i-Winter Crisp ne-Winter Supreme.
Ama-letter Butter: U-Round Round, i-Bibb, i-Boston ne-Kragramer Sommer.
Ama-lettuce ase-Roma: Ihlathi Elihlaza, i-Green Towers, i-Ideal, iJeriko, iNautilus, i-Plato ne-Rubicon.
Ama-lettuce amaqabunga amahle: I-Grand Rapids, i-Merlot, i-Oakleaf, i-Red, i- Red Red, uRuby no-Simpson.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi, ngayinye enezici zayo ezihlukile kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza. Kungcono ukuthola iseluleko se-extension officer kanye nabathengi ngokuqondene nomkhiqizo emakethe idinga nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu ezimweni ezikhulayo ezikhulayo.Translated by Nsika Khoza