Iintjalo zomengo zeSewula Africa ngobunengi ziyonyiswan nanyana kwenziwa ngazo umengo owomileko, i-atchar kanye nejuzi.uthenga nanyana ufretjhi, uthunyelwa kwezinye iinarha, ubuye uthengiswe emarageni ezithengisa umkhiqizo ofretjhi. Umengo uphinde usetjenziswe ngokobana ufakwe esiqandisini njengomengo owenziwe irhwabalaza elizincetjhana kanye nesthelo esonyisiweko amaroli asikiweko nanyana enziwe ama-rolls. Imengo kwenziwa ngayo ijuzi, ama-puree, i-chutney kanye nesthelo esikheniweko nama-pickles, begodu usetjenyiswa ema-confectionery kanye nemikhiqizo yokubhaga kanye nerhwabalaza nama-sorbet.
Ezinye iincenye zomuthi womengo ezifana nebharasi lomengo, kanye namathuthumba nemirabhu zisetjenziselwa ukwenza iinhlanhla ze-Ayurvedic. Ukwenza isibonelo, amathuthumba womengo, abiliswa emanzini asetjenziselwe ukwelapha i-aczema begodu amakari womengo ahlangananiswa ne-black pepper asetjenziselwe ukwelapha amathumbu abuhlungu kanye nokuthulula.
Imikhiqizo Yemengo
Umengo ofretjhi - ohlaza ngomabala nanyana ovuthiweko - ungadliwa ngetswayi, ngejuzi yeswiri nanyana ngebilibili, ufakwe kuma-salsa esikhathini esinengi uhlanganiswa nenyama yefarigi, nefesi kanye nenyama yekuku.
Umengo owonyisiweko wenziwe ngokuthathwa kowonyisiweko. Isthelwesi siyahlanzwa, sisuswe isikhumba, sisikwe iincetjhana sonyiswe. Asifakwa iswigiri, kodwana sifakwa i-sulphur dioxide ukwenzela bona singonakali. Amaroli womengo owonyisiweko kwenziwa ngawo i-pulp yomengo ezeswa ngokudweni nanyana eyonyisiweko.
Ukwenza i-atchar yomengo, iincetjhana zomengo ohlaza zihlanganiswa nebilibili, nespayisi semasala, ikonofula kanye nentanga ze-musturd namafutha. Lokhu kuliswa amalangana ngaphambi kokobana kufakwe ebhodleleni, kuthi i-chutney yomengo yenziwa ngokobana kubiliswe umengo, iswigiri, iviniga kanye nempayisi zibe yijemu edege.
Iflowura yomengo yenziwa ngamakelo kanye nentanga begodu ingajamiselela i-gluten ye-10 ukuya ku-50% weflowura yamabele. Ipuyera yomengo ibizea bona yi-amchoor. Yenziwa ngomengo owonyisiweko ongakavuthwa, begodu isetjenziswa njengesipayisi esinambitheka njengenthelo.
Ijuzi yoMengo
Imihlobo yemengo isukela kweqinileko ukuya kwethambe khulu edliwa ifretjhi nengasetjenziselwa ukwenza Ijuzi yomengo. Ijuzi yomengo yenziwe ngemengo osiliweko. Umengo ovuthiweko uyaputjuzwa ukwenzela bona ukhiphe Ijuzi bese uyasefwa ukususa iincephu ezikulu. Amanzi asefiweko, kanye namanye amajuzi wenthelo asuswa ehlanganiseleni, amavithamini kanye nenthako zemvelo zingafakwa.
Ijuzi yomengo efakwe i-aseptic ebulala amagciwani begodu irhona ukuhlala iinyanga ezi-12 ingonakali, kodwana izakhimzimba ezifana ne-vitamin C kanye ne-vitamin B ziyazwela lokha nazithola umtjhiso, begodu zingonakala kancani lokha nazibulawa amagciwani.
Ihlangano ye-South African Fruit Juice Association, iphakamisa kobana ama-preservatives angafakwa ejuzini eqandisiweko ukwenzela bona ingaboli msinya ihlale iskhathi esifikelela eenyangeni ezintathu, kodwana Ijuzi esandukuputjuzwa (engakafakwa izinto ezenza bona ingaboli msinya /-preservatives) kufanele iselwe kungakadluli ama-iri amabili.
Ijuzi engakafakwa amakhemikhali ilungiswa nanyana yenziwa ngestjalo esitjalwe sakhuliswa ngaphandle kokobana kusetjenziswe iintjhabalalisi begodu akafaneli kobana ivele eentjalweni ezilungiswe amasotja /-genetically modified crops.
Iintanga zoMengo
Iintanga zomengo, ezaziwa ngokobana yi-gutli, zingasetjenziselwa ukwenza imihlobohlobo yenhlanhla kanye nezinto zezobuhle ekubalwa hlangana nazo isizesi esizele amafutha sesikhumba kanye nenhluthu.
Zizele amavithamini khulukhulu ivithamini B12), amaminerali kanye ne-potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, phosphorus begodu imumethe ama-amino acid aqakathekileko ayi-9 kwayi-10. I-kernel yomengo etholakala phakathi kwentanga imumethe i-mangiferin esetjenziselwa ukulawula amaleveli weswigiri egazini.
Iintanga zomengo omncani ongakavuthwa zihle nazisetjenziswa njengesizesi. Iintanga zomengo ovuthiweko ziqinile begodu zibudisi begodu ziyasetjenziswa njengepuyera.
Hlanganisa ipuyera kanye nentanga zamafutha we-coconut, zibeke elangeni amalangana ambalwa uzisebenzise enhluthwini ukwelapha iinkwethu kanye namatjhwayo wamsimya wokuluphala. Ipuyera le ingahlanganiswa neliju ukwelapha amathumbu begodu kuthiwa sehlisa igwayi eliphezulu.
Iintanga zomengo ongakavuthwa zisetjenziswa maNdiya lokha nabaphekako, ukwenza isibonelo, igobolondo elinenhluthu elingaphandle liyasuswa, bese kuphekwa i-kernel bese lisikwa iincetjhana ezifrayiwako bese zifafawa ngetswayi elinzima.
Umengo Njengokudla Kwefuyo
Iindumba zomengo zingasetjenziswa njengokudla kwefuyo. Iindumba kanye nama-kernel zibijwa zonyiswe ebusweni obuyi-10% ukususa i-tannin ngaphambi kokobana ziphiwe iinlwane.
Emfundweni ezenziwe e-Nigeria, ama-kernel womengo abilisiweko adoswa embewini yomengo. Imbewu ivulwa phakathi, kudoswe ama-kernel, kubiliswe imizuzu eyi-30 ukususa i-tannin bese konyiswa elangeni ngaphambi kokobana kusilwe kufakwe ekudleni kwenkukhu. Imfundwezi zaqinisekisa kobana i-60% yepuphu yenkukhu ingajanyiselwa ngama-kernelo womengo abilisiweko begodu kube kukudla okuhle kwemkhulu. Ukujamiselela ipuphu yefuyo gade kuphezulu nakumadaniswa ngokudla okulingeneko kunokumratha Ukungezelela, umengo unamafutha amanengi kuna nawumadaniswa nepuphu.
Amafutha Womengo
I-kernel yomengo (engaphakathi kwembewu) imumethe amafutha ahlangana kwe-7 -12%, azele i-stearic kanye ne-oleic acid. I-Olein (evela ku-oleic acid) iinehlanganisela yentako kanye ne-stearin (evela ku-stearic acid) engajamiselela i-cocoa butter esematjhokoledini.
Tjheja:
Ilwazeli lenzelwe ukufundisa kanye nehloso yokuphana ngelwazi kwaphela, akukafaneli kobana lisetjeziselwe njengeseluleko sokwelapha. Ilwazeli alikenzelwa umncopho wokujamiselela iinluleko zezokwelapha nanyana ukwelatjhwa okuphiwa ngusiyazi wezamaphilo.
Translated by Busisiwe Prudance Skhosana