Isityalo se mango yase Mzantsi Afrika kwenziwa ngaso iimango ezomisiweyo/imiqwayito, atsha kunye ne jusi. Ikwathengiswa injalo kumazwe angaphandle kunye nakwii marika zelizwe jikelele. Eminye imisebenzi ye mango iquka ukukhenkceziswa ze ityiwe iqiniswe ngumkhenkce okanye njengesiqhamo esomisiweyo-izilayi okanye isongwe. Iimango kukwenziwa ngazo nee jusi, iipuree, iichutney kunye neziqhamo ezinkonkxiweyo okanye iipickles. Ezi ziqhamo zikwasetyenziswa kwizi muncu muncu kunye neemveliso ezibhakiweyo kwakunye nee aysi krimu kunye nee sorbet.
Iindawo ezithile zomthi we mango ezifanan namaxolo, amagqabi, izityalo kunye neengcambu zisetyenziswa ukuvelisa iyeza le Ayurvedic. Umzekelo, iintyatyambo ze mango ezibiliswe namanzi zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-eczema. Ze amagqabi akhanywe kunye ne black pepper ukunyanga iingqaqambo zezisu no tyatyazo.
iiMveliso ze Mango
Amagaqa emango - eziluhlaza okanye ezivuthiweyo zingonwatyelwa nge tyiwa, ijusi ye lime okanye umgubo we pepile, kwii salsa, iisaladi kwaye zivamise ukudityaniswa ne nyama ye hagu, intlanzi kunye ne nkukhu.
Iimango ezomisiweyo/imiqwayito zenziwa nge mango ezivuthiweyo. Esi siqhamo siyahlanjwa, sixotyulwe ze sisikwe zibe ngamacezwana ze somiswe. Akukho swekile igalelwayo, kodwa kunyagalelwa isulphur dioxide njenge preservative ukuze ingonakali. Imiqwayito ye mango yenziwe nge mango ekhanyiweyo yaze yanziwa mbaca phambi kokomiswa.
Ukuze kwenziwe i-atsha, izigilaxa ze mango eluhlaza zidityaniswa ne pepile, iziqholo ze masala, igalika, i-oli yeembewu ze mastadi kunye ne oli. Zonke ezi zinto ziyadityaniswa ze ziyekwe ziyondelelane ngaphambi kokuba zinkonkxwe. Imango chutney ke yona yenziwa ngokuthi kubiliswe imango, iswekile, iviniga kunye neziqholo de zibe yincindi engqimbilili oku kwe jem.
Iflawa ye mango yenziwa ngamaxolo kunye neentanga kwaye kungasetyenziswa yona endaweni ye flawa yengqolowa. Umgubo we mango ukwabizwa nange amchoor. Wona ke wenziwa ngee mango eziluhlaza ezomisiweyo kwaye isetyenziswa njenge siqholo esinencasana yesiqhamo.
iJusi ye Mango
Iindidi ze mango ezine fibre eninzi okanye ezithambe kakhulu ukuba zingatyiwa zingasetyenziswa ekwenzeni ijusi ye mango. Ijusi ye mango yenziwe nge mango ekhanyiweyo. Isiqhamo esivuthiweyo se mango siyamfaxangwa ukuze kuphume ijusi, ze sihluzwe ukuze kukhutshwe amasuntsu amakhulu. Kwandule kugalelwe amanzi axilongiweyo, ezinye iijusi zeziqhamo, iivithami kunye nencasa yendalo. Ijusi ye mango efakwe kwinkonkxa engangenwa ziintsholongwane iyagudiswa kwaye ingahlala kangange nyanga ezili 12. Izinongo ezingamelaniyo nobushushu ezifana ne vithamin C kunye no B zingonakaliseka ngethuba kugudiswa (pasteurisation) le jusi.
Umbutho we jusi zeziqhamo wase Mzantsi Afrika (South African Fruit Juice Association) uthi kungagalelwa nee preservatives kwijusi ebandayo ukuze ihlale ixesha elide-iinyanga ezintathu. Kodwa ke, ijusi ekhanyelwe endlini (engagalelwanga zi preservatives) kufanele iselwe igqitywe kwiiyure ezimbini. Ijusi e-organic yenziwa ngesiqhamo esikhuliswe ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezibulali zonakalisi kwaye ayinakwenziwa ngezityalo ezi genetically modified.
iiPeta ze Mango
Iipeta ze mango, nezikwaziwa njenge gutli, zingasetyenziswa ukuvelisa amayeza kunye nee khozmetiki ezahlukeneyo. Isenokusetyenziswa njenge sithambisi see nwele kunye nesikhumba. Kwaye zizele ngamafutha.
Ezi peta zizele zii vithamin (ingakumbi B12), iiminerali ezifana ne potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, phosphorus, kwaye iqulathe ezili 9 kwezili 10 ii-amino acids ezibalulekileyo. Ikernel ye mango kernel (ephakathi kwi peta) nayo ikwaqulathe imangiferin esetyenziswa ukulawula amazinga eswekile emzimbeni.
Iipeta ze mango ezincinci ezivuthiweyo zezona zilungele ukusetyenziswa njengoko zingagutywa zithambe. Iipeta zemango evuthiweyo ziqinile kakhulu kwaye zingasetyenzisa kuphela ukwenza umgubo.
Xuba umgubo okanye imango ecujiweyo kunye ne oli ye coconut okanye eyomnquma (olive) uyibeke elangeni ze uyisebenzise ukumenyezelisa iinwele okanye ukunyanga inkwethu kunye neenwele ezijika zibe ngwevu ngaphambi kwexesha lobudala. Lomgubo usenokuxutywa nobusi ukunyanga utyatyazo kwaye kuthiwa ukwancesa nokwehlisa iqondo leswekile emzimbeni.
Iipeta ezingekavuthwa zikwasetyenziswa nasekuphekeni izidlo zama Ndiya. Umzekelo, umphandle wazo onoboya uyasuswa, ze kuphekwe ikernel. Isakuphekwa iye isikwe ibe yimicwe, iqhotswe ze ifafazwe ngetyiwa emnyama.
IiMangoes Njengo Kutya kwe Zilwanyana
Iipeta kunye namakhatshu (kernels) ee mango angasetyenziswa ukondla izilwanyana. Amakhatshu okanye iipeta ziye zigcinwe emanzini ze zomiswe (ebumanzini obuyi 10%) ukukhupha iitannins ngaphambi kokunika imfuyo. Kuphando lwelizwe lase Nigeria, isidlo se kernel ebilisiweyo ye mango yakhutshwa kwipeta/mbewu ye mango. Le peta ya vulwa, ze kwakhutshwa iikernel, zabiliswa emanzini imizuzu engama 30 ukukhupha iitannins; ze zomiswa elangeni ngaphambi kokugutywa ze zidityaniswe nokutya kwee nkukhu.
Olu phando lwabonakalisa ukuba isibalo esifikelela kuma 60% womgubo wombona ungangenelwa yi kernel ye mango ze kutyiswe iinkukhu. Ukusebenzisa ikernel endaweni yomgubo wombona akuzange kwenze mahluko ekukhuleni nakumgangatho wenyama. Isabelo esiphiwa iinkukhu saye sisikhulu xa kusetyenziswa ikernel ye mango. Ngaphezulu, isidlo se kernel ye mango sinamafuthu aphezulu xa sithelekiswa neso somgubo wombona.
I-Oli ye Mango
Ikernel ye mango (ngaphakathi kwi mbewu) iqulathe isibalo esisi 7 - 12% se oli, neze zii asidi ze stearic kunye ne oleic. I-Olein (efumaneka kwi oleic acid) inee propathi ezithomalalisayo kwaye istearin (efumaneka kwi stearic acid) ingasetyenziswa endaweni ye cocoa kwi tshokolethi.
Nceda uqaphele:
Inkcukacha inikwe ngenjongo zokufundisa nokunika ulwazi kuphela kwaye ayinaku setyenziswa njenge ngcebiso yamayeza/ kagqirha. Le nkcukacha ayenzelwanga ukungenelela endaweni yengcebiso zika gqirha okanye unyango olunikwe yingcali yezamachiza nonyango.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana