Nanyana zingasetjenziswa begodu zingatjhejwa eSewula Afrika, imirorho yendabuko ingenza bona isistimu yokulima ihlukahlukane, ukuqiniseka ukuphepha kwezokudla begodu irhelebhe ukuqeda umtlhago, lokha ingezelela umrholo, be zenze ngcono amaphilo wabantu. Imirorho yendabuko ayisabi iindawo ezinobujamo bezulu obumbi, ngombala sele ijayele inarha ye-Sewula Afrika kanye nobujamo balapha bezulu (ezinengi zimila emangweni) njeke ziyafaneleka nanyana azitjhwenyi nanyana zingathelelelwa.
Ukungezelela, iintjalwezi ziyincenye yezamasiko weenfunda. Nakukhulunywa ngamakari we-Africa kutjhiwo iwoma leentjalo ezisetjenziswa njengemirorho emakari ebizwa bona yi-morogo nanyana imifino babantu beSewula Afrika. Imirorho emakari ye-Africa iyincanye yokudla okudliwa babantu abayi-million (eendaweni ezisemakhaya) eSewula Afrika begodu zizele izakhimzimba ezifana ne-vitamin A kanye ne-iron. Isiqu esithambileko esincanesi, amathuthumbo kanye nestholo esincani sisetjenziswa njengomrorho. Ukudla kungalungiselelwa ngomrorho munye nanyana ngehlanganisela yemihlobo eyahlukahlukeneko. Ukungezelela umnamitheko, iinthako ezifana netamati, i-eye, iflowura eyenziwe ngamantongomani, kungafakwa. Iintjalo ezinengi zivunwa emangweni, lokha ezimbalwa zitjalwa, ekondleni imindeni esemakhaya.
Mvanje, ihlangano ye-Agricultural Research Council (ARC) yenza izaba zokobana igcugcuzele ukutjalwa nokusetjenziswa kwemirorho le balimi, abafazi kanye neenqhema eziphasi. Irhubhululo elenziwe yi-ARC liqale ukuthuthukisa nanyana iindlela zokuthuthukisa ukutjala, ukutjala ngcono kanye nokuvuna, ukubona bona kutlhogeka amanzi angangani kanye neemvundisi, umkhiqizo omutjha kanye namanzi alingeneko. Ilwazeli lizokusetjenziselwa ukuletha ukululekwa kwabalimi ekukhiqizeni imirorho emakari ye-Africa.
Iprogremu yerhubhululo ifunisise ngalezi ezilandelako:
I-Amaranth Irude-Spider plant (Cleome gynandra)
I-Corchorus spp i-(Solanum retroflexum)
Umgade otjhuqileko/-Pumpkins and bitter melon
Umnawa/Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
Amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta)
I-Amaranth, corchorus kanye ne-spider plant ngokwesikp mirorho emakari enezakhi mzimba eziphezulu, zine-calcium, iron kanye ne-vitamins A kanye C. I-Amaranth kanye ne-corchorus zizele ngamaprotheyini kanye nemithiya. Nanyana iintjalwezi zibonwa njengezingatlhagisiko lokha nazitjaliweko begodu zirhona ukukhula ehlabathi engasi yihle. Irhubhululo lehlabathi litjengise bona isvuno sazo singangezeleleka lokha nakufakwe iimvunisi nanyana lokha ihlabathi ifakwe ikhompowusti.
I-Amaranth
Stjalo esiyikhambi esimihlobohlobo esikhula sibe yi-30 cm ukuya ku-2 m ukuya phezulu. Amakari amancani waso kanye nembewaso ziseetjenziswa njengomrorho/Intanga zawo ziphekwa njengesphila, zisilwe njengeflowura nanyana zonyiswe. Amakaraso kanye neziqu zaso ziyasilwa kwenziwe ngaso i-sneyifu. Kiwo woke amakhula abonwa ngamrorho eSewula Afrika, i-maranth kunerhono lokobana kurhwetjwe ngayo ngepumelelo.
I-Spider Plant / Irude
Istjalo esilikhambi esinamakari anoboa kanye neziqu, istjalwesi siqaleka inga mimino esandleni-begodu sisetjenziswa lokha sisincani. Ngesinye isikhathi siyababa njeke singafakwa nanyana siphekwe ngebisi nanyana itamati sidliwe njenge-spinach, okwenza bona kube nomnambitheko obukhali.Istjalo Somhlobo we-Corchorus
Sijwayeleke ngebizo le-Jew’s Mallow (Corchorus olitorius kanye ne-Corchorus tridens) istjalwesi likhambi laqobe nyaka elinamathuthumbo amancani asarulana. Sele siphekiwe siphatheka inga siyatjhelela, okufana ne-okra. Ukuphungula ukutjhelela faka i-bicarbonate of soda (nanyana umthundo wekomo) emanzini opheka ngawo.I-Nightshade
I-Nightshade stjalo esilikhambi esikhula sibe yi-75 cm begodu saziwa ngokuba sincani, siphazime, sibensthelo esiphephuli okusanzima ngombala, esingadliwa sifretjhi kodwana sivamise ukusetjenziselwa ukwenza ijemu. Isthelo esihlaza ngombala siyitjhefu. Amakari kanye neengodo zaso ezincani ziyaphekwa kodwana amakaraso angadliwa ahlaza.Umgade kanye Nekhabe Eliqhuqileko
Amakari womgade kanye nekhabe elitjhuqileko (Citrullus lanatus) zisetjenziswa njengemirorho emakari, amalunga womndeni we-Cucurbitaceous, iintjalwezi ezisivini ezirharhabako zivamise ukusetjenziselwa ukulawula ikhula lokha nasitjaliweko.
Begodu amakaraso womango, iinthelo ezincani, iingodo kanye namathuthumbaso zivunwa ziphekwe lokha iinthelo zawo ezincani ziphekwa nawo, iintanga ziyarostiwa zidliwe njenge-snack.
Umnawa
Umnawa stjalo esimakari sendabuko seAfrica. Amakaraso womabili afretjhi kanye nembewu zidliwa njengomrorho, lokha istjalo soke sisetjenziswa njengokudla kweenlwane, sidliwa sifretjhi nanyana njengehoyi. Iflowura yomnawa isetjenziselwa ukubhaga kanye nemabubulweni wenyama afana nala enza i-chicken nuggets.
Umnawa uzele ngamaprotheyini (18 to 35%) kanye nama-carbohydrate (50 ukuya ku-65%) kanye ne-B vitamins.
Amadumbe
Elinye ibizo lamadumbe yi-taro, umrorho omrabhu owaziwa njengezambani le-tropics. Alikahlobani nezambani elijayelekileko, amadumbe mrabhu onestjatjhi ophekwa ngokufanako lokha amakari wawo kanye namathuthumbaso adliwa njengororho ohlaza, khulukhulu e-West Africa.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana