Souzao
Ihlathululo
I-Souzão mhlobo obovu wamaderibe wewayini adabuka ku-Minho region e-Tlhagwini ye-Portugal, nasetjenziselwa ama-port-styles wines (Duoro Valley) kanye nebovu i-Vinho Verde (‘young wines’) etlhagwini ye-Portugal. I-Souzão imila ne-Australia, California, Spain kanye neSewula Afrika.
Imvelaphi/Indabuko
Adabuka e-Portugal
Amanye Amagamawo
Igama elithi i-Souzão libuye litloleke ngalendlela ethi:‘Sousao’ nofana i-Souson kodwana indlela engengiyo ngethi:Vinhao. E-Galicia region e-Spain lapho i-Souzão itjalwe khona, ibizwa nge-Tinta Pais. Esewula Afrika, umhlobo lo utloliswe njenge-Souzão. Amanye amagamawo afaka hlangana: Tinto Nacional, Tinto Antigo, Tinto da Parada, Negrao, Negrao Pe de Perdiz, Espadeiro da Tinta, Espadeiro Basto, Espadeiro Preto kanye ne-Pinta Femea.
Umkhiqizo eSewula Afrika
I-Souzão yeza eSewula Afrika ngo-1920s kodwana kwatjalwa ezima-44ha kwaphela – inengi lamasimawo (24ha) atholakala e-Swartland region. Amasimawo nofana iinvande ezidala – zitjalwe ngo-1976 – zitholakala eplasini le-Allesverloren in Riebeek Valley. Iplaseli laziwa khulu ngomhlobo wewayini yesintu yama-port-wines abovu.
Ukukhula Kwawo
I-Souzão mhlobo wesilinganiso esiphakathi, ukhula uphakame ngesilinganiso somkhiqizo esili-10 – 12 ton/ha kodwana abanye babakhiqizi bakhethe ukukhiqiza i-6-10 ton/ha. Mhlobo otjaleka lula khulu, nozwana nehlabathi enothileko begodu ukghona nokujamelana kuhle nomtjhiso.
Ukuvuthwa
I-Souzão ithatha isikhathi eside ukuvuthwa, begodu angavunwa ngokukhamba kwesikhathi phakathi esikhathini sonyaka (ekupheleni kwakaMhlolanja ukuya kuNtaka) kuthi izinga leswigiri libe ma-24 - 26° Balling.
Amamomori
Amamomori ahlaza avangeke nganzima apakelana ndawonye abumbe isakhiwo esirondo begodu anamakari aqinileko kanye namatlhurhelo abanzi. Zombili amakelo kanye namanzana ancinca ngaphakathi angezelela umbala wewayini.
Amakari
Amakari we-Souzão anesilinganiso sobukhulu kanye namakari wombala omlotha okuvangeke ngohlaza satjani, aneencenye zesiphetho ezineempenda ezihlanu nezivame ukubhinceka ukusuka esiphethweni.
Iintjhabalalisi kanye Namalwelwe
I-Souzão inamandla wokujamelana nokubola i-botrytis kanye ne-downy and powdery mildew.
Umsebenzawo
Esewula Afrika i-Souzão isetjenziselwa imivango yamawayini abovu kunalawo abizwa ama-port-style wines. Umfakelawo omkhulu wewayini ebovu le uphuma phambili ngokungeza umbala – ufaka umbala omnyama pheze onzima wedayi. Phezu kwesidaki kanye ne-esede yemvelo, amaderibe we-Souzão afaka inambitho elinamandla. Nokho akukakhovezwa bonyana ingaluphala iminyaka edlula ke mihlanu.
Inambitho
Imihlobo yenambitho ifaka hlangana we-blackrurrent, liquorice spice kanye nokwakheka njengamasiba, kodwana abanye babalingi bayo bahlathulule inambitho le-Souzão njengelibabako nelamaderbe omileko. Iwayini yamaderibe atjelwe eendaweni ezincani avamise ukunambitha njenge jemu.
Translated by
Johannes Nkosinathi