I-Soft citrus isho ukwahlukaniswa kwezithelo ezisawolintshi enesikhumba esilinganiselwe futhi okulula ukusixola. AmaMandarins, ama-clementine, ama-satsumas, ama-mineolas kanye nama-tangerine konke kuyingxenye yaleli qembu.
Ukukhiqizwa Kwamazwe Angaphandle
Ukukhiqizwa kwamawolintshi athambile kukhuphuke kusuka kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-26 ngesizini ka-2013/2005 kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-30 ngesizini ka-2017/2018. I-China yabalwa abakhiqizi abakhulu kakhulu bezithelo zomnyakazo ngesizini ka-2017/18, ngamaphesenti angama-71 omkhiqizo ophelele, yalandelwa yi-European Union, eyabiza u-10% kwathi emva kwalokho iTurkey neMorocco, okuyi-4% ngayinye eyayikhiqiza.
Ngalesi sikhathi, ukungena ezweni lonke kukhuphuke kusuka kumathani ayi-2 281 000 kuya kumathani ayi-2 466 000. Izwe laseRussia libalwe njengelingenisa kakhulu ezweni, kanti ama-35% okuthengiswa okuthe xaxa, i-European Union yabalelwa ku-19% yalokhu kuthunyelwa ngaphandle, kanti i-United States yaba yi-12% yazo zonke izinto ezingenisiwe.
I-Ningizimu Afrika ingumkhiqizi wesithupha ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngokulandela umthamo.
Ukukhiqizwa Kwendawo
Ukukhiqizwa kwezithelo ezithambile kwaqala eSouth Africa ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1980s ngenxa yesidingo esandayo sabathanga abulula nosawolintshi abasebenza kalula abavela eYurophu nase-United Kingdom. Izindondo zokuqala zazivele zingeniswa eNingizimu Afrika zivela eCorsica ngo-1973, lapho kuzovela izinqumo ngemuva kweSpain neMorocco.
Ukuqala ukukhiqizwa kwaqhutshwa yi-SA Cooperative, iCitrus Exchange, eyaqala izivivinyo zokukhiqiza ngawo-1970 ukuthola izinhlobo ezifanele kakhulu nezindlela zokukhiqiza. Ekuqaleni, ukukhiqizwa bekukhawulelwe eNtshonalanga Kapa, ngoba amawolintshi athambile achuma ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu saseMedithera.
I-BFAP ngonyaka ka-2019 yahlonza ama-citrus athambile njengeqembu elisebenza kahle kakhulu le-citrus maqondana nokubuya okukhulu ngehektha ngalinye, kwabikezelwa ukuthi kuzoqhubeka isikhathi esithile. Amawolintshi atholakalayo acishe abe yi-17% yazo zonke izinhlobo zamawolintshi ezikhiqizwe eNingizimu Afrika ngonyaka we-2018.
Ukukhiqiza
Njengoba kukhonjiswe yiCitrus Growers Association, indawo ephelele engatshalwa ngaphansi kokukhiqizwa kwezithelo ezisawolintshi inyuke isuka kuma-4 960 ha ngonyaka we-2009 yaya kuma-16 285 ha ngonyaka we-2018. Kepha okungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kula mahektha kusadinga ukufeza amandla aphelele.
I-Western Cape ibisaqhubeka nokukhiqiza kakhulu, cishe ibe ngama-40% ukukhiqizwa, ilandelwe yi-Eastern Cape, lapho kwakhiqiza ama-30% kanye neLimpopo, okuyi-24%. Amavolumu amancane nawo akhiqizwa eMpumalanga, eNyakatho Kapa, eNyakatho Ntshonalanga naKwaZulu-Natali.
Imakethe
Iningi lamawolintshi athambile aseNingizimu Afrika athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kanti amanani okuthumela kwamanye amazwe afinyelela cishe ku-13,4 wezigidigidi ezingama-15 kg ngo-2017. I-United Kingdom yindawo yethu enkulu yokuthumela ngaphandle, enesabelo sama-32% sokuthengiswa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, kulandele i-European Union, emele isabelo esingu-26%. I-Nyakatho Melika neRussia, ngamunye umele isabelo esingu-10%. Izinsalela zithunyelwa eSouth naseMpumalanga ye-Asia, kanye nase-Middle East.
Imisebenzi
Amawolintshi athambile acebile ngamavithamini, ikakhulukazi u-A no-C, amaminerali ne-fibre yokudla, futhi nenani lokudla okunempilo lihluka kancane ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zosawolintshi othambile. Izithelo ngokuyinhloko zithokozelwa okusha njenge-snack, kepha zingasetshenziswa nakumaladi nasekuphekeni. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kungahle kube namanzi, omisiwe futhi kusetshenzwe ngawo ukuze kukhiqizwe izithelo ezikheniwe, i-marmalade, ama-flavourants okudla kanye namafutha abalulekile.
Translated by Nsika Khoza