Citrus yo vevuka swivula xiyenge xa citrus leyingana makamba lawa ya vandlekaka hiku olova. Mandarins, clementines, satsumas, mineolas nati tangerines hinkwaswo swiwela eka ntlawa lowu.
Vuhumelerisi bya Misava Hinkwayo
Vuhumelerisis bya misava hinkwayo bya citrus leyi yo vevuka byi tlakukile kusukela eka 26 million wati ton hi nguva ya 2013/2015 kuya eka 30 million wati ton eka nguva ya 2017/2018. China ariri muhumelerisi nkulu wa citrus eka nguva ya 2017/2018, eka 71% owa vuhumelerisi hinkwabyo, ku landzela European Union, leyingava na 10% kutani Turkey na Morocco, laha rin’we ariri na 4% ya vuhumelerisi.
Eka nkarhi lowu, kuxaviseriwa ka matiko mambe emisaveni hinkwayo switlakukile kusuka eka 2 281 000 wati ton kuya eka 2 466 000 wati ton. Russia rive muxavisi nkulu, hi 35% wa swixavisiwa hinkwaswo, European Union yiva na 19% wa swixavisiwa leswi, loko tiko ra United States rive na 12% wa swixavisiwa hinkwaswo.
Afrika Dzonga yile ka xiyimo xavuntsevu hiku xavisela matiko mambe emisaverni kuya hi nhlayo.
Vuhumelerisi bya Laha Kaya
Vuhumelerisi bya citrus leyo vevuka e Afrika Dzonga ekusunguleni ka malembe yava 1980s ku hlamula eka swilaveko swa mihandzu leyi kusuka e Europe nale United Kingdom. Ti clementines to sungula atiri kutisiweni laha Afrika Dzonga kusuka e Corsica hi lembe ra 1973, laha akuri na minhlawulo leyinga landzela kusuka e Spain na Morocco.
Vuhumelerisi byo sungula abyi hlohleteriwa hi SA Co-operative, Citrus Exchange, letinga sungula ku ringeta vuhumelerisi hi malembe yava 1970s ku kuma muxaka lowu nga lulamela xikan’we na maendlelo ya vuhumelerisi. Ekusunguleni, vuhumelerisi abyiri e Western Cape, tani hileswi citrus yo vevuka yitirhaka kahle ehansi ka maxelo ya Mediterranean.
BFAP hi 2019 yikume leswaku citrus yo vevuka hiyona yitirhaka kahle swinene eka mintlawa yati citrus kuya hi mbuyelo lowu heleleke kuya hi hectare, leswi aswi languteriwe kuya emahlweni kuringana nkarhi woleha. Tinxaka tin’wana ta citrus atiri kwalomu ka 17% wa vuhumelerisi hinkwabyo bya citrus e Afrika Dzonga hi lembe ra 2018.
Vuhumelerisi
Tani hileswi swi kombisiweke eka Citrus Growers Association, ndzhawu hinkwayo ya vurimi bya citrus yo vevuka yi tlakukile kusuka eka 4 960 ha hi 2009 kuya eka 16 285 ha hi 2018. Kambe kutlula ka mbirhi wa ti hectare leti taha fanele ti fikelela maninginingi ya vuhumelerisi.
Xifundzha xa Western Cape axahari muhumelerisi nkulu, laha kungana kwalomu ka 40% wa vuhumelerisi, ku landzela Eastern Cape, leyingana 30% wa vuhumelerisi na Limpopo, leyingana 24%. Tinhlayo tintsongo titlhela ti humelerisiwa e Mpumalanga, Northern Cape, North West na KwaZulu-Natal.
Makete
Swibyariwa swotala swa Afrika Dzonga swa citrus swi xaviseriwa matiko yale handle, laha tinhlayo tifikaka kwalomu ka 13,4 million 15 kg wati cartons hi 2017. Tiko ra United Kingdom hirona hi xaviselaka rona ngopfu, laha ringana 32% wa minkavelo ya swixavisiwa, ku landzela European Union, leyi yimelaka 26% wa minkavelo. North America na Russia, ha rin’we rina 10% wa minkavelo. Leswi salaka swirhumeriwa e South na East Asia, xikan’we na Middle East.
Switirhisiwa
Mihandzu yati citrus yo vevuka yi fuwile hiti vitamins, ngopfu ngopfu A na C, ti minerali na dietary fibre, leswingana nkoka wa swakudya lowu hambanaka nyana na tinxaka to hambana ta citrus yovevuka. Muhandzu wutala ku dyiwa wukarhi wutsakama tani hi snack, kambe wunga tlhela wutirhisiwa eka ti saladi nale ka swo sweka. Ehandle ka sweswo, yinga endliwa juzi, yi omisiwa kumbe yi lulamisiwa yi cheriwa exikoteleni, ku endliwa marmalade, swotisa nantswo eka swakudya xikan’we na mafurha ya nkoka.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni