I-Citrus ethambileyo ibhekisele kwi subdivision ye citrus enamaxolo athambileyo nekulula ukuyi xobula. Iimandarins, clementines, satsumas, mineolas kunye nee tangerines zonke ziyinxalenye yeli qela.
Imveliso ye Hlabathi Jikelele
Imveliso ye citrus ethambileyo kwihlabathi jikelele yonyuke ngezigidi zee toni ezingama 26 ngeminyaka ka 2013/2015 ukuya kwizigidi zee toni ezingama 30 kwiminyaka ka 2017/2018. Ilizwe lase China lalihamba phambili kuba velisis be citrus ngeminyaka ka 2017/2018, ngama 71% emveliso epheleleyo. Lalandelwa yi European Union, neyavelisa i10%, ze yona yalandelwa yi Turkey kunye ne Morocco, nezazine 4% yemveliso ilizwe ngalinye.
Ngeli xesha, iimveliso zamazwe angaphandle zonyuka ukusuka kuma 2 281 000 eetoni ukuya kuma 2 466 000 eetoni. Ilizwe lase lalihamba phambili kumazwe athenga esi siqhamo kumzwe angaphandle, ngama 35% emveliso epheleleyo esuka kumazwe angaphandle. I-European Union yayibalelwa kwi 19% yemveliso ezithengiswa kumazwe angaphandle, logama iMelika yayinesibalo ezili 12% yemveliso zamazwe angaphandle.
Ilizwe lase Mzantsi likuluhlu lwesithandathu ehlabathini kwintengiso yamazwe angaphandle, ngokwamanani.
Imveliso yase Lizweni
Imveliso ye citrus ethambileyo yaqala eMzantsi Afrika ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo 1980, emva kokwanda kokuthandwa kweziqhamo ezixobuleka lula, kunye ne citrus emnandi esuka kumazwekazi ase Europe kunye nase United Kingdo. Iiclementine zokuqala zazisele ziziswe eMzantsi Afrika zisuka e Corsica ngomnyaka ka 1973, kunye nezinye iindidi ezathi zalandela azisuka eSpain nase Morocco.
Imveliso yokuqala yayiqhutywa yi SA Co-operative, Citrus Exchange, neyaqala uvavanyo lwemveliso ngeminyaka yoo 1970 ukuze kubonwe iindidi ezilungileyo kunye nendlela zemveliso. Ekuqaleni, imveliso yayiphelela kwiPhondo lase Ntshona koloni, kuba icitrus ethambileyo ichuma kwimozulu ze Mediterranean.
I-BFAP ngo 2019 yabona icitrus ethambileyo njengelona qela le citrus elenza kakuhle ngokwengeniso kwi hekthare nganye, neyathekelelwa ukuba esi sibalo siza kunyuka ekuhambeni kwexesha. I-Citrus ethambileyo ibalelwa kuma 17% azo zonke iziqhamo ze citru.
Imveliso
Njengoko kubanakalisiwe ngumbutho we Citrus Growers Association, umhlaba ekulinywe kuwo icitrus ethambileyo wonyuka ukusuka kuma 4960 ha ngomnyaka ka 2009 ukuya kuma 16285 ha ngomnyaka ka 2018. Kodwa isibalo esiphindene ngaphaya kwesibini sezi hekthare sisadingeka ukuphumeza inani lesi siqhamo.
ENtshona Koloni yayiselelona Phondo lihamba phambili ekuveliseni, ngama 40% emveliso, ze lilandelwe yi Mpuma Koloni, ngama 30% kunye ne Limpopo enama 24%. Amanani aphantsi akwaveliswa kumaPhondo ase Mpumalanga, Mntla Koloni, Mntla Ntshona kunye naKwaZulu-Natal.
Imakethi
Inkoliso yemveliso ye citrus ethambileyo yase Mzantsi Afrika ithengiselwa amazwe angaphandle. Isibalo esithengiselwa amazwe angaphandle safikelela kwi 13,4 million 15 kg cartons ngo 2017. Elase United Kingdom lelona lihamba phambili kwintengo yemveliso yase Mzantsi Afrika, ngama 32% emveliso epheleleyo ethengiswa kumazwe angaphandle, lilandelwe yi European Union, nemele isabelo esingama 26%. UMntla Melika kunye ne Russia, ane 10% yesabelo kwilizwe ngalinye. Isibalo esiseleyo sithengiselwa amazwekazi ase Mzantsi nase Mpuma Asia, kwakunye noMbindi Mpuma.
Imisebenzi
I-Citrus ethambileyo izele zii vithamin, ingakumbi u-A kunye no C, iiminerali kunye ne dietary fibre. Ixabiso lezinongo (nutritional value) liyohluka kancinci ngokwendidi ezahlukeneyo ze citrus ethambileyo. Esi siqhamo sivamise ukonwatyelwa sinjalo, kodwa singasetyenziswa nakwii saladi nase kuphekeni. Ngaphandle koku, kusenokwenziwa ngaso ijusi, somiswe okanye sinkonkxwe, kwenziwe imarmalade, iziqholo zokutya kunye nee essential oils.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana