INingizimu Afrika ingesinye sabakhiqizi abakhulu bapheya i-avocado emhlabeni cishe endaweni eyi-12, nokho ukukhiqizwa kwayo konyaka nonyaka phakathi kwamathani angama-80 000 kuya kwangama-120 000 kumkhondo ngemuva kwamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.5 abakhiqizi baseMexico.
Izibalo Zomkhiqizo we-Avocado
Isilinganiso sokuthekelisa okuthethwe ngaphandle ngesizini ka-2019 kusuka ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba yizigidi eziyi-14,5 zamabhokisi ama-4 kg, afinyelela kumathani angama-58 000. UDerek Donkin, oyi-CEO yeSouth African Subtropical Growers' Association (Subtrop) ulinganisela ukuthi isivuno esiphelele sonyaka ka-2019 sizoba sesifundeni samathani angama-110 000. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, ukuthekelisa nezithelo ezithengiswa ukucutshungulwa ku-avocado puree kanye no-oyela.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-avocados yesikhathi esizayo eNingizimu Afrika kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule ngama-1000 amahektare angama-1500 ngonyaka ozotshalwa minyaka yonke okungenani iminyaka emi-5 ezayo ukusuka ngo-2019 kuye phambili. Ukuthekelisa kumele kuthelekele amabhokisi ayizigidi ezingama-20 kuleli zinga lokukhula futhi kuzokwanda uma nje imboni iqhubeka nokukhula.
Inqwaba yokutshala okusha eNingizimu Afrika ama-hashe wesikhumba esimnyama kanye nohlobo lwama-Hass. Ukutshala okusha kwe-avocados enombala oluhlaza kuhloselwe emakethe yendawo yokuqala noma sekwephuzile.
Umbiko ofundisayo we-Avocado Market - Ukukhula, i-Trends, ne-Forecast ka-2019- 2024 ulinganisela ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwe-avocado eChina. Kakade ngo-2017, iChina ingenise ngaphezulu kwama-22% ngaphezulu konyaka owedlule. IChina ingenisa ikakhulukazi ivela eChile, eMexico nasePeru; womathathu la mazwe anemibandela ezuzisayo yokuhweba neChina.
Izindawo Zokukhiqiza u-Avocado
Ukukhiqizwa kwama-avocados kugxilwe ikakhulu ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ezingaphansi kweLimpopo ngamaphesenti angama-59, eMpumalanga ngama-33% kanye nezingxenye zaKwaZulu-Natali ezingama-8%. Njengoba isidingo samazwe omhlaba kanye nesezwe sokutholakala konyaka kwama-ukwatapheya sesikhuphukile, ngakho-ke makube nokutshala kwama-avocado amasha athuthukiselwe kwezinye izifundazwe, njengesifundazwe sase Ntshonalanga Kapa naseMpumalanga Kapa.
Ukukhiqizwa kwa-Avocado Emhlabeni Jikelele
Cishe ama-78% ama-avocados akhiqizwa eMelika, ama-11% e-Afrika, ama-9% e-Asia no-2% eYurophu naseNingizimu Pacific. IMexico ngumkhiqizi omkhulu wama-avocados emhlabeni, ngokusondela kwamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.5 ekukhiqizeni komhlaba wonke amathani ayizigidi eziyi-3,2 ukusuka ngonyaka we-2018.
INingizimu Melika, iColombia, iBrazil, iChile ne-Argentina ngabakhiqizi abakhulu bama-avocados, kanti nePeru ikhipha ama-60% omthamo waseNingizimu Melika. Ukutshala kwaseColombia kukhula ngesivinini esisheshayo ukwedlula elaseNingizimu Afrika, ngamahektha ayi-1 500 kuye kwayi-2 000 ngonyaka. IColombia ibe ngumkhiqizi omkhulu kakhulu we-Hass avocados emhlabeni.
E-Afrika, abakhiqizi be-avocado bafaka iNingizimu Afrika ngamathani ayi-120 000; IKenya ikhiqiza ukulinganiselwa kwamathani angama-80 000, iTanzania neZimbabwe ngakunye kukhiqiza amathani angama-5000 bese kuthi iMozambiki entsha ifike kumathani ayi-1000.
Amanye amazwe akhiqiza ukwatapheya kufaka phakathi iPhilippines, i-Australia, iNew Zealand, neMadagascar, neMauritius, iMadeira, iziqhingi zaseCanary, eningizimu yeSpain naseningizimu yeFrance, kanye neSicily, iCrete, i-Israel neGibhithe.
Ukuthunyelwa Kwempahla Kwangaphandle kweNingizimu Afrika
Phakathi kwama-45 kuya kwangama-50% ama-avocados aseNingizimu Afrika athunyelwa ngaphandle bese kuthi i-10-15% icutshungulwe ku-oyili nasesipilini. Konke okunye kuyathengiswa endaweni. Amazwe angenisa ngokuyinhloko ama-avocados aseNingizimu Afrika yiYurophu - ikakhulukazi iNetherlands, iFrance neSpain, i-UK, kanye neBaltic state ngama-95%. Amavolumu amancane athunyelwa e-Afrika, eMiddle East naseHong Kong.
Izimboni zaseNingizimu Afrika nohulumeni baxoxisana ngokufinyelela emakethe e-USA, China China naseJapan. Njengamanje, izidingo eziqinile zephytosanitary zilinganisela ukufinyelela kulezi zimakethe. I-Peru, njengomunye umkhiqizi we-hemisphere eseningizimu, ungumncintiswano obucayi kakhulu waseNingizimu Afrika, ngevolumu nangesikhathi, sokuhlinzekwa kwe-avocados ezimakethe ezisenyakatho ze-hemisphere.
Translated by Nsika Khoza