Afrika Tshipembe ndi vhone vhabveledzi vhahulwane vha maafukhada zwine zwa swika fhethu ha 12 hune a vhahone. Fhedzi naho zworalo nga nwaha hu bveledziwa zwine zwa vha vhukati ha 80 000 na 120 000 tonnes zwine zwa vha zwi murahu vhukuma na kha vhabveledzi vhahulwane vha Mexico’s 1.5 million tonnes.
Tshitatisitiki Tsha Tsha u Bveledziwa ha Maafukhada
Musi hu tshi khou humbuleliwa maafukhada ane avha uri aya bva aya kha manwe mashango nga 2019 ubva nga nwedzi wa Thafamuhwe uya kha tshimedzi ndi 14.5 million kha carton dza 4 kg, zwine zwi ya swika kha 58 000 tons. Derek Donkin, CEO wa South African Subtropical Growers' Association (SUBTROP) u humbulela uri mbalo yo fhelelaho ya zwimela nga 2019 zwi nga swika 110 000 tonnes. Hezwi hu vha ho katelwa apo na ane aiswa kha manwe mashango na mitshelo ine ya vha i tshi khou rengiselwa uri i vhewe uri hu kone u itwa mapfura.
Huna u lavheleliwa uri zwa maafukhada zwi do hula vhukuma zwine zwa do vhuya zwa swika kha 1000 ha – 1500 ha ine ya do tavhiwa nga nwaha kha minwaha mitanu ine ya khou da ubva nga nwaha wa 2019 u ya phanda. Zwine zwa iswa kha manwe mashango zwi fanela u fhira dzi cartons dza 20 million musi ho sedziwa kuhulele arali ndowetshumo ya hone i tshi khou dihula.
Dzine dza vha uri dzo dalesa dzine dza kho tavhiwa vhukuma Afrika Tshipembe ndi black-skinned Hass na Hass-type avocados. Hu di vha na dzinwe tshaka nntswa dzine dza vha uri dzi khou tavhiwa dza maafukhada madala dzine hu vha hu tshi khou lavheleliwa uri ado rengiswa kha maraga ya po.
Ndivho ya zwa u rengiswa ha maafukhada-u hula, u dala na u kona u vhonela phanda 2019-2024 ho do vha na muvhigo wa uri u liwa ha maafukhada zwi khou hulela China, nga 2017, vha China vho disa zwinzhi zwine zwa swika 22% u fhira kha minwaha yo fhiraho. Vha china vha isa nga maanda Chile, Mexico na Peru; haya mashango othe avha na mbuyelo ya u kona u rengiselana na vha China.
Hune ha Bveledziwa Hone Mafukhada
Fhethu hune ha vha uri huna maafukhada nga vhunzhi hu vha fhethu hune ha vha uri hu ya rothola, u fana na kha vhupo ha vundu la Limpopo hune ha vha 59% na Mpumalanga hune ha vha na 33% na zwipida zwa KwaZulu-Natal hune ha vha na 8%. Sa vhunga atshi todiwa u mona na lothe a dovha hafhu atodiwa na mashangodavha u bveledziwa ha maafukhada zwo no dala vhukuma. Zwino na u tavhiwa ha dzinwe tshaka zwo no fhirela na kha manwe mavundu, u fana na western na Eastern Cape.
U Bveledziwa ha Maafukhada u Mona na Shango Lothe
Zwine zwa swika 76% ya maafukhada aya bveledziwa America, ha vha na 11% ine ya bveledziwa Afurika, 9% Asia na 2% Europe na kha manwe mashango a vhukovhela. Mexico ndi vhone vhabveledzi vhahulwane vha maafukhada, hune avha zwine zwa swika 1.5 Million tonnes kha zwine zwa bveledziwa kha shango lothe zwi vha zwi tshi khou swika 3.2 million nga nwaha wa 2018.
South America, Colombia, Brazil, Chile na Argentina ndi vhone vhabveledzi vhahulwane vha maafukhada, hune Peru vha vha vha tshi khou bvisa ane aswika 60% atshi khou ya kha manwe mashango nga tshikalo tsha vhukovhela ha America. U tavhiwa ha Colombia hu khou hula nga luvhilo lune lwa fhira na lwa Afrika Tshipembe, hune ha vha na dzine dza swika 1 500 uya kha 2 000 ha dzo tavhiwaho nga nwaha. Colombia i dovha ya vha hone yo no fha vha Hass kha lifhasi.
Afurika, u bveledziwa ha maafukhada ho kateliwa na Afrika Tshipembe hu vha ho bveledziwa 120 000 tonnes; Kenya hu humbuleliwa uri vhabveledza zwine zwa swika 80 000 tonnes, Tanzania na Zimbabwe hunwe na hunwe hu tshi khou bveledza 5000 tonnes na havha vhaswa vha Mozambique vhane vha bveledza 1000 tonnes.
Hu di vha na manwe mashango ane avha uri aya bveledza maafukhada ho kateliwa na Philippines, Australia, New Zealand, Madagascar, Mauritius, Madeira, Canary Islands, southern Spain na southern France, na Sicily, Crete, Israel na Egypt.
Maafukhada a Afrika Tshipembe Musi Atshi ya kha Manwe Mashango
Zwine zwa vha vhukati ha 45 na 50% ya maafukhada a Afrika Tshipembe avha atshi khou iswa kha manwe mashango ha vha na ane aswika 10-15% ane aya vhewa uri akone u ita mapfura. Manwe aya rengiswa henefha hayani. Vhane vha vha uri vha ya kona u disa maafukhada Afrika Tshipembe ndi Europe-nga maanda Netherlands, France na Spain, the UK, na Baltic zwi vha zwi tshi khou swika 95%. Hu di vha na manwe matuku ane avha uri aya iswa kha mashango a Afurika na Hong kong na Middle East.
Vha ndowetshumo vha Afrika Tshipembe na muvhuso vha khou dzudzanya uri vha kone u vha na thengiso na vhathu vha USA, mainland China na Japan. Zwazwino, zwa phytosanitary zwine zwa todea ndi zwone zwine zwa khou ima phanda ha thengiso. Vha Peru sa vhanwe vha vha bveledzi vha Southern Hemisphere ndi vhone vhane vha tou lwedzana vhukuma na Afrika Tshipembe, kha zwothe tshikalo na tshifhinga, tsha u isa maafukhada kha maraga wa Northern Hemisphere.
Translated by Khalirendwe Nekhavhambe