Ilizwe lase Mzantsi Afrika lelinye lawona mazwe avelisa i-avocado, akwindawo yeshumi elinesibini (12th), kodwa imveliso yonyaka nganye iphakathi kwama 80 000 nama 120 000 we toni isemva kakhulu kumazwe avelisa ezininzi afana ne Mexico evelisa 1.5 million ye toni.
Inkcukacha Manani ze Avocado
Uqikelelo lwentengiso yangaphandle ngexesha lesivuno sonyaka ka 2019 ukususela ngenyanga ka March ukuya ku October zizigidi ezingama 14.5 million ze 4 kg ze khathuni, ezingama 58 000 we toni. U-Derek Donkin, CEO ye South African Subtropical Grower’s Association (Subtrop) uqikelela okokuba isivuno esipheleleyo sonyaka ka 2019 sizakuba kuma 110 000 we toni. Oku kuquka intengiso yelizwe nakumazwe angaphandle kwaye iziqhamo ezithi zithengiselwe okokuba kwenziwe i-avocado ecujiweyo ne oli.
Imveliso yexesha elizayo ye Avocado eMzantsi Afrika kulindeleke okokuba ikhule ngama 1000 -1500 we hektare awongezelekileyo azakuthi atyalwe rhoqo ngonyaka kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo ukusukela ngonyaka ka 2019 ukuya phambili. Intengiso yanga phandle kufuneka idlule kuma 20 million we khathuni ngokwe ndlela ekhula ngayo kwaye izakwanda xa intengiso iqhubeka ikhula.
Uninzi lwezityalo ezintsha eMzantsi Afrika luhlobo iblack-skinned Hass kunye nentlobo ze Hass ze avocado. Izityalo ezintsha ze avocado enesikhumba esihlaza zenzelwa intengiso yaphambili kwexesha lentengiso yeli okanye ixesha elidlulileyo.
Ulwazi ‘ngentengiso ye avocado – ukukhula, inkcazelo kunye noqikelelo’ Inkcazelo yonyaka ka 2019- 2024 iqikelela ukonyuka ekudliweni kwe avocado kwilizwe lase China. Kunyaka ka 201,7 ilizwe lase China lathi lathenga ama 22% ngaphezulu konyaka odlulileyo. Ilizwe lase China lithenga kakhulu kwelase Chile, Mexico, nase Peru; omathathu lamazwe anezifumelwano zentengiso nelizwe lase China eziwalungele omathathu lamazwe.
Indawo ze Mveliso ye Avocado
Imveliso ye Avocado ikhula kakhulu kwindawo ezifumileyo ezomileyo ze phondo lase Limpopo kuma 59%, Mpumalanga nama 33%, nezinye indawo za KwaZulu Natal ku 8%. Nanjengoko isidingo sentengiso sithe sonyuka kwilizwe nakumazwe angaphandle unyaka wonke, nokutyalwa kwezilimo ze avocado kunonelele kumanye amaphondo afana ne Ntshona Koloni ne Mpuma Koloni.
Imveliso ye Lizwe ye Avocado
Kuqikelelwa okokuba kuma 76% we avocado aveliswa eMelika, malunga nama 11% isuka e-Africa, 9% Asia, kunye no 2% e-Europe nase South Pacific. Ilizwe lase Mexico lelona lizwe liphambili elivelisa i-avocado, nemveliso eqikelelwa kuma 1.5 million we toni ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle ne 3.2 million ye toni ngonyaka ka 2018.
Ilizwe iSouth America, Colombia, Brazil, Chile ne Argentina ngawona mazwe avelisa i-avocado eninzi, ze iPeru ithengise ama 60% wemveliso kwi South America. Izityalo zase Colombia zikhula ngoku khawuleza kunezo zeli lo Mzantsi Afrika, ngama 1 500 ukuya kuma 2 000 ha ezityalwa rhoqo ngonyaka. Ilizwe lase Colombia liye yalelinye lamazwe avelisa kakhulu i-avocado iHass kwilizwe jikelele.
Kwilizwe lase Afrika, abavelisi be avocado baquka ilizwe lase Mzantsi Afrika ngama 120 000 we toni; ilizwe iKenya yona kuqikelelwa okokuba ivelisa ama 80 000 we toni, Tanzania kunye ne Zimbabwe zivelisa 5000 ye toni ilizwe ngalinye, ze iMozambique esentsha kwimveliso ivelise ama 1000 we toni.
Amanye amazwe avelisa ii-avocado aquka Philippines, Australia, New Zealand, Madagascar, Mauritius, Madeira, iziqithi iCanary Islands, Southern Spain kunye ne Southern France, kana njalo ne Sicily, Crete, Israel ne Egypt.
Intengiso yase Mzantsi Afrika ye Avocado ku Mazwe angaphandle
Phakathi ko 45% no 50% we Avocado zeli lo Mzantsi Afrika zithengiselwa amazwe angaphandle ze ama 10-15% kwenziwe i-oli ngazo nempuphu. Inkoliso ithengiswa kweli lo Mzantsi. awona mazwe athenga i-avocado kweli lo Mzantsi Afrika yi Europe, Netherlands, France, Spain, UK kunye ne Baltic states kuma 95%. Umlinganiselo omncinci uthengiselwa amazwe ase Afrika, Middle East, ne Hong Kong.
Intengiso zeli lo Mzantsi Afrika kunye norhulumente zikuthetho-thethwano malunga nokuthengisela i-USA, Mainland, China, ne Japan. Okwangoku, imithetho edibene nempilo yezidingo zezityalo zenza kubenzima ukuthengisela lamazwe. Ilizwe lase Peru, njenge linye lamazwe ayimveliso kwi hemisphere, lilo elikukhuphiswa kakhulu nelizwe lo Mzantsi Afrika, zombini ngokwa manani wemveliso nexesha, ekuthengiseni i-avocado kwintengiso ye nothern hemisphere.
Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie