Afrika Dzonga hi rin’wana ra vahumelerisi nkulu emisaveni va ma-avocado leringa kwalomu ka xiyimo xavu 12th, kuriku vuhumelerisi bya lembe exikarhi ka 80 000 na 120 000 tonnes leswinga hansi swinene eka muhumelerisi nkulu tiko ra Mexico’s 1.5 million tonnes.
Tinhlayo-Nhlayo ta Vuhumelerisi bya ma-Avocado
Kuxaviseriwa ka matiko yale handle loku languteriweke eka nguva ya 2019 kusuka hi March kuya hi October i 14.5 million wa 4 kg wati cartons, leswi vulaka kwalomu ka 58 000 tons. Derek Donkin, CEO wa South African Subtropical Growers' Association (SUBTROP) u ehleketelela leswaku nhlayo ya swibyariwa swa 2019 yitava exikarhi ka 110 000 tonnes. Leswi swikatsa vuxavisi bya laha kaya, bya matiko mambe na mihandzu leyi lulamiseriwaka mukapu wa ma- avocado na mafurha.
Vuhumelerisi bya mundzuku bya ma-avocado e Afrika Dzonga byi languteriwe kukula hiku engeteleka ka 1000 ha – 1500 ha kuva ku byariwa lembe rin’wana na rin’wana kuringana 5 wa malembe kusukela hi 2019 kuya emahlweni. Kuxaviseriwa eka matiko yan’wani swifanele ku hundza 20 million cartons kuya hileswi swi fambisaka swona swita kula loko tindzhawu leti tirikarhi tindlandlamuka.
Nhlayo yikulu ya swibyariwa leswintshwa e Afrika Dzonga i tinxaka ta nhlonge ya ntima ta Hass na Hass ta ma-avocado. Swibyariwa swintshwa swa muxaka wa rihlaza wa ma-avocado ya kongomisiwe eka timakete leti hatlisaka kumbe leti saleleke endzhaku.
Leyingana vuxokoxoko swinene ‘Avocado Market - Growth, Trends, and Forecast’ 2019-2024 yi ehleketelela leswaku kutlakuka eka ku dyiwa ka ma-avocado e China. Hi lembe ra 2017, tiko ra China ari xavisele matiko mambe 22% kutlula lembe leri hundzeke. China rixava kusuka eka matiko ngopfu ngopfu Chile, Mexico na Peru; hinkwawo yana swipimelo leswi vuyerisaka swa vuxavisi na tiko ra China.
Tindzhawu ta Vuhumelerisi bya ma-Avocado
Vuhumelerisi bya ma avocado byitele ngopfu eka tindzhawu leti tsakamaka, ta subtropical tale Limpopo eka 59%, Mpumalanga hi 33% na swiphemu swin’wana swa KwaZulu-Natal eka 8%. Tani hileswi swilaveko swa matiko mambe na swa laha kaya swa ma avocado swingaya swi tlakuka, leswi swi endle leswaku kuva na swibyariwa swintshwa swa ma avocado leswinga tlhandlukela nale ka swifundzha swin’wana, kufana na xifundza xa Western na Eastern Cape.
Vuhumelerisi bya ma-Avocado Emisaveni Hinkwayo
Kwalomu ka 76% wa ma-avocado ya humelerisiwa e America, 11% e Africa, 9% e Asia na 2% e Europe na South Pacific hi vumbirhi. Mexico hiyona muhumelerisi nkulu emisaveni wa ma-avocado, hi kwalomu ka 1.5 million tonnes eka vuhumelerisi bya misava hinkwayo bya 3.2 million tonnes eka lembe ra 2018.
South America, Colombia, Brazil, Chile na Argentina i vahumelerisi nkulu va ma-avocado, laha Peru yi xaviselaka matiko mambe 60% wa nhlayo ya South America. Swibyariwa swa Colombia swile kukuleni hi rivilo swinene kutlula Afrika Dzonga, hi 1 500 kuya eka 2 000 ha lawa ya byariwaka lembe na lembe. Colombia narona risungule kuva muxaviseri wa matiko mambe wa muxaka wa ma-avocado ya Hass emisaveni.
E Africa, vahumelerisi va ma-avocado vakatsa Afrika Dzonga eka 120 000 tonnes; Kenya ri humelerisa kwalomu ka 80 000 tonnes, Tanzania na Zimbabwe rin’we ri humelerisa 5000 tonnes xikan’we na leri raha kusungulaka ra Mozambique eka 1000 tonnes.
Matiko yan’wana lawa ya humelerisaka ma-avocado ya katsa Philippines, Australia, New Zealand, Madagascar, Mauritius, Madeira, Canary Islands, e dzongeni wa Spain nale dzongeni wa France, xikan’we na Sicily, Crete, Israel na Egypt.
Kuxaviseriwa ka Matiko ma-Avocado hi Afrika Dzonga
Exikarhi ka 45 na 50% wa ma-avocado ya Afrika Dzonga ya xaviseriwa ematikweni yale handle naswona 10-15% ya tirhisiwa ku endla mafurha na pulp. Lawan’wana ya xaviseriwa kwala kaya. Matiko lawa ya xaviseriwaka ngopfu hi Afrika Dzonga ya katsa Europe-ngopfu ngopfu Netherlands, France na Spain, UK, na Baltic states eka 95%. Nhlayo yintsongo yi xaviseriwa e Afrika, Middle East na Hong Kong.
Tindzhawu ta vumaki ta Afrika dzonga na mfuno vale ku burisaneni hiku fikelela timakete ta USA, China na Japan. Eka nkarhi wa sweswi, swipimelo leswi tikaka swa phytosanitary hi swona leswi tikisaka ku ngheneleriwa eka timakete leti. Peru, tani hi muhumelerisi wun’wana wale southern hemisphere, i muphikizani nkulu wa tiko ra Afrika Dzonga, hivumbirhi eka nhlayo na nkarhi, eka mphakelo wa ma-avocado eka ti makete tale Northern Hemisphere.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni