Kunezizathu ezihlukahlukene zalokhu kepha ikakhulukazi zingabhekiswa ezinkingeni zokuzalanisa. Kungenzeka ukuthi umhlambi unengulube engafanele noma uhlelo lokuzalanisa aluklanyelwe noma alulandelwa. Ngenhlanhla, abalimi abancane baseNingizimu Afrika bangathuthukisa ukuzaliswa kwezingulube.
Thola Izingulube Ezifanele
Phakathi neminyaka eyikhulu edlule, ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwezinhlanzi ezindala, ezimhlophe, ezikhula ngokushesha futhi ezikhulayo nezikhukhumeziwe ziye zangeniswa ngabakhiqizi baseNingizimu Afrika kanti izakhi zezingulube ziye zasakazwa emhlambini wendawo. Lokhu kuye kwandisa amathuba okuba izinkomo zentengiselwano zithuthukise ezimweni ezingahlelekile, kodwa lokhu kudinga ukunakekelwa nokuphathwa okwengeziwe.Uma kukhona umkhiqizi we-ingulube wezokuhweba obhekene nezidumbu eziningi zokuhlaba izingulube, lezi zizokwenza isisindo esihle kakhulu semfuyo encane. Lezi zingulube zinezifo ezizophakamisa izinga lomhlambi futhi zizobiza kancane kunezilwane ezikhethiwe kakhulu zokuzalanisa.
Insemination ye-Artificial (AI) yindlela esheshayo nephephile kakhulu yokuthuthukisa izinga lofuzo lomhlambi ozalisayo. Lokhu kuhilela okungaphezulu kwempahla, ubuchwepheshe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimali kunomhlambi okhiqiza ngaphansi kwebhetha elilodwa ngeviki kungavuma, okungukuthi kungaphansi kuka-25 okuhlwanyelayo.
Njengomthetho owodwa akufanele athenge noma iyiphi ingulube ongazi lutho mayelana nayo - gwema izinkampani kanye nezingulube ze-speculator - ngoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi yokuthenga izilwane ezinezifo kanye nezakhi zofuzo ezimbi. Khuluma nochwepheshe wezempilo wezilwane endaweni yangakini ukuze uthole ulwazi ngezifo ezivame kakhulu nanoma imiphi imingcele.
Ukukhetha Ukubeletha Abesifazane
Umsebenzi owodwa wokuhlwanyela ukukhiqiza izikhumba ezinempilo ezikhule kahle, kabili ngonyaka. Ama-big litters azalwe ephilile azuzisa umlimi wezingulube uma unina angabondla futhi anakekele kuze kufike ekuguleni.Ama-Gilts (ingulube encane engakazalwa) futhi ohlwanyela angakhethwa emhlambini wekhaya okhona noma womakhelwane (enezingulube ezingenayo izifo), uma nje kuphela abesifazane abahamba phambili besifazane abahamba phambili.
Ukukhetha Insikazi Ezalisayo
Umlimi wezingulube kufanele atshale izimali ngesikhwama esihle. Ukukwabelana ngamathumba kungaholela ekusakazweni kwezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi phakathi kwezinkomo zezingulube. I-boar ingahle yabelane phakathi kwabalimi uma kunikezwe imithetho ethile:Amathumba kufanele avele emhlambini wezilwane eziseduze enezinga elifanayo lokungcola kanye nerekhodi lokuqhathaniswa okuphumelelayo.
Amathumba akufanele ahlobene nanoma yimuphi wesifazane ukuthi ukhonza futhi kufanele athuthele kwenye indawo ngemva kweminyaka emibili ukugwema ukuvuvukala.
Kumele kube khona izingulube kubesifazane besifazane abangu-12 kuya ku-16 futhi akufanele akhonze izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesithathu ngesonto.
Umjikelezo Wokubeletha Wezingulube
Ukuzala ngezingulube kunezinombolo ezimbalwa ezingasetshenziswa ukukala ukukhiqizwa okuhleliwe namazinga.Izinhlanzi zivutha ekushiseni emasontweni amathathu. Bazohlala bethola isithumba ngezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, lapho kufanele ahlaselwe kathathu ngezikhathi zamahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24. Gcina izingulube kude nezinhlanzi eziphakathi kwezinsizakalo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi akaphazanyiswa ngenkathi ekhonza, okungathatha imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu.
Uma ukuhlwanyela kufika ngosuku lokushisa kwezinsuku ezingu-18 kuya kwezingu-22 ngemuva kokukhishwa kusho ukuthi ukulingana akuphumelelanga futhi kufanele kukhonjwe futhi ngokukhethekile nangenye ibhogi uma kukhona.
Uma ukuxuba kuphumelele ukuhlwanyela kuzokhulelwa izinsuku eziyi-114 kuya kwezingu-116 (amasonto angu-16 nezinsuku ezintathu). Angasebenzisa lesi sikhathi emakamu avulekile kanye nezinye ezikhulelwe ("eyomile") zihlwanyela kuze kube sekupheleni kwesonto ngaphambi kokuba i-farrowing (ibelethe).
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kufanele athuthelwe endaweni yokukhosela ekhethekile enezindwangu eziningi - ama-pine shavings angcono kodwa utshani wekolweni, isitshalo sommbila, i-teff hay noma i-veld-cuttings izokwenza.
Ngokuvamile uzothatha isikhathi esenza isihlamba esihle ngoba lapho singakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukukhiqiza okungokwemvelo nokukhiqiza ubisi.
Qinisekisa ukususa noma yini ebukhali noma ephukile futhi udale isikhala esiphephile sokugijima - isitimela esikude kakhulu noma isigxobo esinamandla esibekwe ngokuphepha cishe ngo-20 cm ukusuka phansi kanye nodonga kuzovimbela ukuchoboza okuningi kwabancancisayo.
Ukugcinwa Kwerekhodi Ekufuyeni Izingulube
Bhala phansi zonke izinsuku ezibalulekile kanye nemicimbi mayelana nezingulube zakho, ukuzalana nokudla kwazo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:Inombolo yokuhlwanyela (noma igama lakhe), isigqila esikhonza kuye, izinsuku zomjikelezo wakhe wokushisa, usuku olulindelekile lokusikhipha isikhathi kanye nosuku lwangempela lokuhamba.
Futhi bhala yonke imininingwane yengilazi yengulube. Lokhu kufaka phakathi inani lezingulube ezizalwe ziphila kanye nalabo abafa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Futhi, phawula inani lezingulube ezifa ngesikhathi sokuncelisa. Futhi, cubha usuku lokugaya (ngokuvamile emavikini angu-4 kuya ku-6 ubudala) futhi izingulube eziphelele ziphakanyiswe ngempumelelo yilowo ohlwanyelayo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukurekhoda izinqubo ezenziwe ngesikhathi sokuncelisa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi umjovo wensimbi ukuvimbela i-anemia ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezi-6, ukukhomba ama-gilts amahle (ama-female unbred), ukwelashwa kwe-mange kanye nemigomo, indlebe ekunakekeleni ngensimbi eyenziwe ngenhloso nephethini yokubhala nokubhala ngomdwebo nge tattoo ebhalisiwe. Izingulube ze-tattoo ingumthetho wezomthetho - bheka isigaba sokuphathwa kwabancancisi.
Translated by Nsika Khoza