Zininzi izizathu zoku kodwa ziye zeyanyaniswe kwingxaki zokufuya. Maxa wambi umhlambi angabinazo iihagu ezilungileyo okanye okanye inkqubo yokuzikhulisa engenziwanga okanye engalandelwanga. Ngethamsanqa, amafama asakhasayo afuye iihagu eMzantsi Afrika angenza ngcono ekufuyeni iihagu.
Fumana Iihagu Eziyilungeleyo Inzala
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo engamakhulu, kuye kwakho uluhlu lweenkunzi neemazi zebhokhwe ezinde, ezimhlophe, ezikhawuleza ukukhula ezaziswa kweli loMzantsi Afrika ngamafama afuye iihagu kwaye ufuzo lwezi hagu kusasazeke kwimihlambi ekwindawo ezingqongileyo. Oku kwandise amathuba okuthengisa imihlambi yeehagu kwimeko ezinga gunyaziswanga, kodwa oku kufuna inkathalo no lawulo oluluqilima.Xa kukho umthengisi we nyama yehagu okwaziyo ukuxhela iihagu eziseleyo, ezi ziyakwazi ukwenza imihlambi emincinci ekhulayo. Ezihagu zinofuzo olwenza okokuba kunyuke umgangatho womhlambi kwaye amaxabiso aphantsi kuneehagu ezithanda ukukhuliswa.
i-Artificial Insemination (AI) yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo kwaye ikhuselekileyo ukunyusa izinga lofuzo kumhlambi wehagu okhulayo ngenjongo yokuzalisa. Ku kuquka amalungiselelo, ulwazi nencitha mali kunomhlambi ovelisa ngaphantsi kwesizalo esinye ngeveki, oko ngemazi ezingaphantsi kwama 25.
Njengo mthetho ubani akufunekanga athenge ihagu angazinto ngayo – zama ukungayi kwintengiso ezaziwa ngokuba zi auction nehagu ezithengwa ngokuzijonga qha - kuba oku kungenyusa amathuba okuthenga ihagu enezifo nofuzo olubi. Thetha nalowo usebenza ngezilwanyana okufuphi akunike ulwazi kwizifo ezixhaphakileyo nemida.
Ukukhetha Iimazi Zehagu Zokuzalisa
Owona msebenzi wemazi kukuvelisa amantshontsho asempilweni, akhuliswe kakuhle kabini ngonyaka. Amantshontsho amakhulu azelwe ephila alulutho kumfama omkhulu xa umama wawo ekwazi ukuwanakekela awancancise de alunyulwe.Iihagu ezincinci ezingeka dibani neemazi. Kwaye iimazi zinga khethwa kumhlambi okhoyo ekhayeni okanye kumelwane (onehagu ezingenazo izifo), xa kusetyenziswe iimazi ezibalaseleyo kwaye ezizalwa ngomama ababalaseleyo.
uKukhetha Inkunzi Yehagu
Umfama wehagu kufuneka achithe imali kwi nkunzi yehagu elungileyo. Ukusebenzisa inkunzi yehagu enye kwimazi ezahlukileyo kunga khokhelela kwizifo zocantsi phakathi kwemihlambi yehagu. Inkunzi ingasetyenziswa ngamafama amabini kodwa ke kubekho imithetho ebekiweyo:Inkunzi kufuneka ifumaneke kumhlambi okufuphi onezinga elifanayo lokhuseleko ngokofuzo kunye noluhlu loku lokumithisa ngempumelelo.
Inkunzi kufuneka ingahlobani ne mazi edibana nayo ngesondo kwaye kufuneka isiwe kude kwenye indawo emveni kweminyaka emibini ukuthintela okokuba zingamithisani.
Kufuneka kubekho inkunzi kwihagu ezingama (12) ukuya ku (16) ezizimazi kwaye akufunekanga idibane neemazi ezingapha kwesithathu (3) ngeveki.
Amaxesha Okumithisana Eehagu
Ukuzalisana kwehagu kunamanani alula angasetyenziswa ujonga umlinganiselo we mveliso nomgangatho.Iimazi zilungela ukumithiswa ngamaxesha athile ahlulwe ziveki ezintathu. Zihlala zidibana nemazi iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu, apho kufuneka zabelane ngesondo kathathu iiyure ezingama 12- 24 yee yure zokuphumla. Gcina inkunzi kude kwimazi ngexesha ezingadibani ngalo ngesondo kwaye xa zithe zadibana qinisekisa okokuba aziphazamiswa, kwaye oku kungathatha imizuzu elishumi (10) ukuya kwishumi elinesihlanu (15).
Ukuba imazi ilungele ukulalwa kwintsuku ezingama 18 ukuya kuma 22 emveni kokulalwa kuthetha okokuba ayikhange imithiseke, kwaye kufuneka kuphindwe kwakhona ukulalwa yenye inkunzi xa ikhona.
Xa imithisekile imazi izakumitha iintsuku ezingama 114 ukuya ku 116 (iiveki ezilishumi nesithandathu neentsuku ezintathu). Angalichitha elixesha kwinkampi nezinye iihagu ezimithiyo (“iimazi ezomileyo”) de kubeyi veki phambi kokuzala.
Kwintsuku phambi kokuzala kufuneka asiwe kwindawo ekhethekileyo enomondlalo omninzi - ezenziwe ngomthi we pine zingcono kodwa ezona zibalaseleyo yimizi yengqolowa, amakhatshu ombona, imizi okanye ukunqumla amahlahla emadlelweni. Imazi ichitha ixesha isenza indlwana kwaye oku kulungile oko kuzakuqinisekisa okokuba izalela kwindawo elungileyo ikwazi nokuvelisa ubisi.
Qinisekisa ukususa konke onkutsolo okanye okwaphukileyo wenze indawo ekhuselekileyo - indawo yokuzalela okanye indawo enokukhanya efakwe ama 20 cm ukususela phantsi nase dongeni kuza kuthintela ukucinezeleka kwamantshontsho xa encanca.
Ukushicilela Ulwazi Kumfama ofuye Iihagu
Bhala phantsi zonke iintsuku ezibalulekileyo kunye neziganeko ngeehagu zakho, ukuzala kwazo nokutya. Kufuneka kuquke :Inani lemazi (okanye igama), inkunzi elala nayo,iintsuku zokulungela ukumithiswa, iintsuku ekulindeleke imazi incancise ngazo kunye nentsuku ezizizo zokuncancisa.
Shicilela zonke iinkcukacha zamantshontsho ehagu. Oku kufuneka kuquke inani lamantshonthso azelwe ephila nalawo azelwe eswelekile. Qaphela, inani lamantshontsho afa xa encanca. Kwakhona shicilela usuku lokulumla (ngesiqhelo kwi veki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu ubudala). Kunye nenani leehagu ezikhuliswe zandala yiloo mazi.
Kubalulekile ukushicilela okuthe kwenziwa ngexesha lokuncanciswa. Oku kufuneka kuquke inaliti ye iron etofwa ngenjongo yoku thintela ukuphela kwegazi emzimbeni (anaemia) kwintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. Jonga iimazi ezingekazali), lawula unyango nogonyo, ukugqogqa iindlebe ngesixhobo esenzelwe oko nendlela yamanani nokugcogca (tattoo), nge tattoo elisemthethweni. Ukugcogca iihagu ngumthetho ekufuneka ulandelwe- jonga isihloko esithetha ngolawulo ngokulunyulwa kwamantshontsho.
Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie