Ukuvuna Nokulungisa iPomegranate

© Marinda Louw
I-Pomegranate ingathengiswa iphelele isentle okanye ilungiswe ithengiswe njenge ngcambu, okanye incindi yesiselo okanye njenge pomegranate seed oil.
Xa ithengiswa kumazwe angaphandle, ipomegranate zipakishwa njenge siqhamo esipheleleyo kwi 3,8 kg (class 1 kunye no 2) okanye 15 kg (kwezo zizakwenziwa ezinye iimveliso). Iziqhamo zipakishwa kwitreyi ezimnyama ezenziwe nge mpuphu zifakwe phakathi kwe begi ye StePac ze ipakishe kwi khatoni.
Imisebenzi yayo kweli iquka ukuthengiswa kwayo njenge siqhamo esipheleyo, amagaqa engcambu (zona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwisidlo isaladi kukutya kwase middle-east), ipomegranate seed oil okanye isiselo esigcwele iianti-oxidants.
Ukulinganiselwa ngoko mgangatho kuquka ‘Extra’ (yayisaziwa njengo class I), Class I (wayesaziwa njengo Class II), Class III (ikakhulu iziqhamo ezitshiswe lilanga, ezilungele ukwenziwa i-arils) kunye ne ‘Class IV’ (umgangatho wezo zimfaxangiweyo).

Ukuvuna I-Pomegranate

©Marinda Louw
Kuba imithi iphuma iintyatyambo kathathu, isiqhamo siyavuthwa ngezigaqa kwaye zivunwa kwizigaba ezintathu. Kulula ukuvuna ipomegranates, kwaye xa zichetywe kakuhle kukho nemiqolo, iileli azizu kusetyenziswa kakhulu.
Iziqhamo ziqhoboshelwa nesivuno sibekufuphi neziqhamo ukuhlisa iindawo ezitsolo zemithi ezinokuthi zihlabe zonakalise isikhumba. Iziqhamo ziyalungiswa zifakwe ngokwe treyi okanye imigqomo kwaye kufuneka iphathwe ngobu nono ukuhlisa amathuba okuba zintlitheke.
Izilimo ze pomegranate zivuthwa ngendlela ezohlukileyo. Umzekelo, iWonderful iqala ivuthwe ngaphakathi, amagaqa abaswiti, kodwa isikhumba sibe sinendawo ezihlaza. Izilimo i-Acco ne Angel Red izakuvuthwa ngaphandle kuqala. Izikhumba zingaba bomvu, kodwa amagaqa angabi switi. Vavanya umlinganiselo weswekile phambo kokuvuna.
Uvuthwa kwesivuno kwi pomegranates kubonakala ngeswekile kunye nombala wesiqhamo (isikhumba ne gaqa lengcambu). Okwangoku, okuchaza ukuvuthwa kwe 14° Brix (umlinganiselo weswekile) uyamkelwa ngao bathenga iziqhamo kweli SAPEX. Kodwa ke umlinganiselo ongcono kwizilimo ze Wonderful kunye ne Herskovitz yi 16 ° iBrix neye Acco 14° Brix (ubuncinane 13° Brix).

Indlela Yokuphatha I-Pomegranates Emveni Kokuvuna

South Africa’s Perishable Products Export Control Board (PPECB) iyacacisa okokuba ipomegranate ayizoziqhamo zesimo sezulu. Oku akuthethi okokuba ayiqhubeki ukuvuthwa emveni kokuvunwa. I-Pomegranate kufuneka ivunwe xasele sele zivuthiwe.
Iziqhamo kufuneka zivaswe nge HACCP - ichlorine ekumgangatho ophezulu okanye anti-fungal, epulwe ngamanzi ze zalungiswa ukuze kugcinwe umgangatho, kuthintelwe ukuchachamba, izinambuzane, ukubola, umbala, ubungakanani kunye nobunzima. I-Pomegranates kufuneka zifakwe kwisikhenkcezisi ngoku khawuleza emveni kokupakisha. Eyona meko yokugcina engcono ziphakathi ko 6 - 8℃ kwiziqhamo ezisiwa kumazwe angaphandle.
Ingagcinwa ukuyokuma kwiveki ezintandathu kwindawo zokukhencezisa eziqhelekileyo, kuphinde ukuyokuma kwinyanga ezintlanu kwimeko ezinolawulo lwe atmosphere (CA) ngokwe PPECB. Ezona meko zilungileyo zokugcina ipomegranate ngu 3% O2 kunye no 6% CO2 ku 5℃.
Ukonzakaliswa kukubanda (ukumoshwa yingqele) kwenza inqukuva ne ngcambu eligaqa umbala umdaka kwaye yenza imikrwelo kwisikhumba. Iziqhamo ezisezantsi kwiswekile ziyathanda ukumoshakala yingqele. ‘Iswekile yenza ipomegranate ingaqini’, utsho uJorrie Mulder, ongumcebisi we Pomegranate Producers Association of South Africa (POMASA).
I-Pomegranate azidibani nokuphulukana nokufuma, kwaye ukuthoba ukungcangcezela nokutshona kombala. Ukuxoza iziqhamo nokusebenzisa iplastiki ekhethekileyo kuyacetyiswa okokuba zisetyeniziswe.

Ukumfaxanga I-Pomegranate

©Marinda Louw
Incindi yesiselo sibomvu se pomegranate sine polyphenols (ityebile kwi anti-oxidants) ezinokuthi zehlise ukudumba okuhamba nentlungu emzimbeni. Ine anti-oxidants ezininzi ezingaphezulu kwi siselo somdiliya omfaxangiweyo (wine) okanye esihlaza kwaye isiselo se pomegranate esimfaxangiweyo sinikeza ngapha kwama 40% yezidingo zika vitamic C wemihla ngemihla.
Ukukhetha iintlobo zokumfaxanga, cinga lombala uthandekayo, amazinga we anti-oxidants kunye nesona siselo sivelisiweyo. Ukuboba ubungakanani besiselo sencindi njengo %juice = (juice weight × 100) ÷ whole fruit weight (ubunzima besiqhamo sonke). eMzantsi Afrika, iWonderful ngowona mhlobo ulungileyo okokuba wenziwe isiselo sencindi.
Kunganzima ukuxobula ipomegranate kwaye incindi ingangcolisa iimpahla. Xa uxobula endlini kwaye ukhupha incindi yesiselo, qala usike icalyx ne score (sika) lendawo ivelileyo ibeziziqingatha. Faka iziqhamo kwipheyile elinamanzi, vula isiqhamo ususe isikhondo esiligaqa ngoku sijikelezisa phantsi kobhontsi. Izikhondo eziligaqa zizakuhlala emazantsi nempuphu, amaxolo kunye nembewu eyonakeleyo izasakudada ngaphezulu.
Imveliso yesiselo sencidi singenziwa ngoku mfaxanga lamagaqa ngelaphu (cheesecloth) okanye ilaphu elicocekileyo lezitya okanye ukusebenzisa iblender yombane. Hluza ukususa imbewu ze uphilise ngokukhawuleza. Imveliso yesiselo sencindi ipomegranate ethengiswayo ingaquka ukuhluzwa, ukucoca nokuvundiswa kwesiselo phambi kokuba sifakwe kwibhotile.

I-Pomegranate Seed Oil

Imbewu emhlophe eyomileyo ecociweyo ine oil elishumi nesibhozo 18%. I-Pomegranate seed oil ichazwa bubukho be punicic acid obuphezulu ne anti-oxidant kunye ne anti-inflamatory ezilwa izigulo ziphilise ukuguga kwesikhumba. I-Punicic acid sisityalo sendalo esine estrogen (female sex hormone).
Le oli ityebile kwi omega 5 fatty acid enqabileyo (i-anti-oxidant enamanadla) encedisana nokulungisa amajoni omzimba kwaye ibonakalise iziphumo ezincomekayo kwizifundo zophando kubafazi abane endometrioses.
I-Pomegranate seed oil isetyenziswa kwimveliso zothambisa kwaye ingathanjiswa kwisikhumba ukunyanga iczema nokuthambisa ulusu olomileyo, nokulenza luthambe.
Le oli ikhiwa ibanda kwi pomegranate marc (isiqhamo esisalayo emveni kokuyimfaxanga) esinengcambu nembewu.

Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie