Lavender hile kaya ka yona e Western nale Central Asia, Europe, Mediterranean xikan’we na North Africa. Eka tsalwa leri hita langutana na tinxaka timbirhi letikulu leti tirhisiwaka eka kuhumelerisiwa ka mafurha ya nkoka tani hi murhi naku tisa nantswo. Laha kunga true lavender kumbe English lavender kukatsa na leyi antswisiweke ya Lavandin.
Vito ra xi science: Lavandula Angustifolia
Vito ra ntolovelo: Lavender, True Lavender or English Lavender
Vito ra science: Lavandula Angustifolia x Lavandula latifolia
Vito ra ntolovelo: Lavandin
Nhlamuselo Ya Ximilani
Ximilani xa lavender xihanya nkarhi woleha lexi kulaka kufika eka 1200 mm hiku leha naswona xina matluka yo leha ya mpunwa rihlaza onge i mutwa kutani emakumu ka matluka ku tsemeleleka ya fika eka 40 kuya eka 50 mm hiku leha. Ximilani xihumesa swirhabyana swotala ku endla xihlahla.
Mabilomu lawa yavaka kona emakumu ka swirhabyani yava xichocho naswona yana muhlovo wa wasi kuya eka muhlovo wa lilac purple. Lavandin yi kula ngopfu naswona yi humesa mabilomu yotala kutlula English lavender.
Switirhisiwa
Lavender yitala kutirhisiwa hikokwalaho ka mafurha ya yona ya nkoka. Eka kilogram yin’we ya English lavender yotsakama leyi virisiwaka yi humelerisa kwalomu ka 5 kuya ka 8 millilitres wa mafurha yankoka. Loko Lavandins yi virisiwa yihumelerisa hika mbirhi mafurha kambe yari na kunuhela lokukulu ka nuhelo hikokwalaho ka camphor yale henhla leyinga eka wona.
Mafurha ya nkoka ya English Lavender yavekiwe eka nxavo wale henhla eka perfume industry hikokwalaho ka nuhelo wa floral wa yona. Mafurha ya Lavender ya tirhisiwa eka swavutshunguri tani hi antiseptic xikan’we na tia anti bacteria ta wona. Mafurha ya kahle tani hi swo chavisa switsotswana naswona switirhisiwa tani hi aromatherapy.
Mafurha ya tlhela ya tirhisiwa tani hi swotisa nantswo eka swakudya na swon’wa. Lavender yinga tlhela yi omisiwa kutani yitirhisiwa tani hi potpourri leyi nuhelaka xikan’we na nongonoko wa mabilomu.
Swilaveko Swa Misava Na Ndzulamiso
Lavender yimila eka misava yohambana hambana kambe yitirha kahle eka misava leyi tswongaka mati ya coarse sandy kuya eka sandy loam leyingana pH yale xikarhi ka 6.0 na 8. Kasi True lavender yona yikula kahle eka misava leyinga tala alkaline kutani Lavandin yitsakela pH yale hansi, misava leyingana acid kantsongo.
Loko kungase lulamisiwa misava kufanele ku tekiwa swikombiso kutani swirhumeriwa e laboratory kuva yiya hleriwa kutani ku nyikiwa switsundzuxo eka swilaveko. Lavender yina timintsu letinga entangiki naswona aswitalanga kuva tinghenelela ehansi ka misava kutlula 300 mm. Misava yifanele ku rimiwa leswaku yita olova kuya fikela kwalomu ka 400 mm ku tiyisisa leswaku yita tswonga mati.
Lulamisa levele ya pH hikuva u engetela lime eka misava leyinga tala acid kutani u chela manyoro kumbe compost. Rima misava kuya fika eka 300 mm kwalomu ka mune kumbe ntlhanu wa mavhiki loko kungase byariwa. Eka masiku yohetelela chela leswingata antswisa xivumbeko xa misava xikan’we na manyoro eka misava kutani uyi rimela enhansi kuringana 20 cm ya misava.
Leswi swita basisa na nhova leyingavaka yi mirile. Vekela swocheleta naswona loko kuriku kuta ndlaleriwa swifanele kuva swi endliwa hinkarhi lowu kutani ku byariwa swimilani.
Maxelo
Lavender i ximilani lexi tshamaka xiri rihlaza naswona ximilaeka maxelo lawa kufumelaka yo oma ya Mediterranean naswona xitirha ku antswa eka mahiselo lawa yanga exikarhi ka 20°C na 28°C. Lavender yina rimiwa eka maxelo lawa yanga oma laha kungana kwalomu ka 500 mm wa mpfula hi lembe, hambi leswi xitirhaka ku antswa ehansi ka nchelelto wa drip irrigation.
Xa mila ekusuhi na tibuwa ta lwandle kambe xitirha ku antswa swinene eka tindzhawu letingale henhla lha swimilani swin’wana swikulaka kuya fika eka 1500 wa timitara ehenhla ka lwandle. Mahiselo lawa yanga henhla ngopfu yana xiave xobiha swinene eka kuhuma ka mabilomu xikan’we na khwalithi ya mafurha.
Swibyariwa
Kuna tinxaka timbirhi letikulu ta lavender leti humeleriseriwaka ku xavisiwa. True kumbe English lavenders leti humesaka swibilon’wani leswintsongo xikan’we na mafurha yantsongo, kambe ya khwalithi ya xiyimo xale henhla kukatsa na Lavandins, leyi kunga nkatsakanyo wa tinxaka timbirhi naswona wuhumelerisa mabilomu yotala xikan’we na mafurha ya nkoka hi hectare. Mafurha ya True lavender ya hlawulekile naswona ya xavisiwa hintsengo wale henhla.
Kuna tinxaka totala ta lavender se loko ku lhawuriwa leswi faneleke ku byariwa swina nkoka kukuma switsundzuxo kusuka eka extension officer wale kusuhi xikan’we na mutivi eka vuhumelerisi eka muxaka wa kahle swinene eka ndzhawu leyi ya vuhumelerisi xikan’we na xikongomelo na makete lowu kulavaka ku xaviseriwa wona.
Tinxaka ta ndhuma ta English kumbe True lavender hi leti: Hidcote, Munstead, Jean Davis na Vera leti kunga tona leti xavisiwaka ngopfu.
Tinxaka ta ndhuma ta Lavandin hi leti: Abriali, Dutch Mill, Grappenmall, Grosso, Provence, Seal na Super
Translated by Ike Ngobeni