Ti mango (Mangifera indica L.) i muhandzu wa tiko ra India, Pakistan, na Philippines. Tikula kahle swinene eka tindzhawu ta subtropical leti katsaka tindzhawu tin’wana ta Afrika Dzonga.
Ti mango titswariwa hi nsinya lowunga exikarhi kuya eka lowukulu nsinya, wa kwalomu ka 9 kuya eka 35 m, lowutshamaka wuri rihlaza lowu welaka ehansi ka ndyangu wa cashew Anacardiaceae.
Ti mango ta rihlaza titirhisiwa eka ku endliwa ka munyu kumbe mafurha, ti curry, chutney na switirhisiwa leswingariki na mati, loko waha nyanganya, ti mango leti vupfeke titirhisiwa ku cheriwa eswikoteleni, juzi, puree naku omisiwa. Timongo letinga endzeni ka tinyungu leti fuweke hi mafurha tinga dyiwa, titirhisiwa eka switirhisiwa swa vutshunguri, swakudya swa swifuwo xikan’we nale ka mafurha.
Matimu ya Vuhumelerisi bya ti Mango
Vativi eka swavurimi na matimu va pfumelelana na leswaku ti mango ti tumbuluke e tikweni ra India. Matsalwa yakhale swinene ya tiko ra India, yana switori swotala leswi ya swihlamuseriwaka mayelana na misinya ya ti mango. Xitori xa ndhuma swinene xikatsa museketeri wotshembeka loyi anga nyika Buddha nsimu yati mango leswaku ata wisa ehansi ka ndzhuti wa mango.
Mufumi nkulu, Akbar, loyi anga fuma kusuka hi 1556 kuya eka 1605 ari na nsimu ya 100 000 wa misinya ya ti mango. Leyi ayiri leyikulu, hambi kuri kuya hi maendlelo ya manguva lawa. Loko ma Portuguese vatava vatshamile e Western India, navona va vitane muhandzu lowu ‘manga’, leswi swingavaka swi sukele eka rito raxi Tamil ra ‘manga’. Kusuka e India, mihandzu leyi yi hangalake kuya evupela dyambu, swingava swivangiwe hi vaxavisi na vavutla mfumo vale Europe. Swibyariwa swo sungula swo xavisiwa e vupela dyambu switumbuluxiwe hi vatshami vama Portuguese e Brazil hiva 1700s.
E Afrika Dzonga, ti mango to sungula tibyariwile hi Jan van Riebeeck eCape Town kambe maxelo yale tibuweni ta lwandle yati kombe yanga lulamelanga. Swibyariwa swin’wana swa ti mango laha ku kufumelaka e KwaZulu-Natal swi tumbuluxiwile kuya eku heleni kava 1850s. Hambiswiritano, swibyariwa swo xavisiwa swisungule kwalomuya kava 1920 endzhawini ya Ofcolaco, laha kunga ekusuhi swinene nale Tzaneen exifundzheni xa Limpopo nale Malelane eMpumalanga.
Tinxaka ta ti mango: Peach na Sabre, tisungule kubyariwa eAfrika Dzonga. Tinxaka leti ta Kent na Zill titisiwile kwalomuya kava 1954 laha tinga yisiwa eka vuhumelerisi endzhaku ka 1960 e Ofcolaco, Letsitele Valley, nale tindzhawini ta Letaba laha kunga kumeka leswaku tinxaka leti mbirhi tihumelerisa mbuyelo wa kahle swinene eka tindzhawu leti.
Mbuyelo wa ti Mango
Ti mango tina nhlayo yale henhla swinene ya mati- kwalomu ka 72 kuya eka 86%, carbohydrates – kwalomu ka 9 kuya eka 25%, naswona yile hansi eka ti protein eka kuhleketeleriwa ka 0.9 -5.1%, loko mafurha yakomba 0.2 - 2.7%.
Ti mango tina swakudya nati phytochemicals tohambana hambana. Tile henhla hi swakudya, ti vitamin C, provitamin A, naswona tina kwalomu ka 10% eka kulaveka ka masiku hinkwawo ka vitamin B6 xikan’we nati carotenoids nati polyphenols.
Ti polyphenols tati mango yitirha tani hiti antioxidants leswi sivelaka ti cell ta munhu eka kuvaviseka ka DNA xikan’we na mavabyi yan’wana. Vuswikoti bya polyphenol mangiferin byaku lwisa mavabyi lawa ya hlaselaka yofana na mavabyi ya mbilu na fukuzani swikombisiwile swinene.
Khapu yin’we ya mango yi phakela kahle swinene folate na copper, laha yi phakelaka kufika eka 20% na 10%, hi yin’we yin’we, eka swilaveko swa munhu lonkulu swa siku na siku.
Allergies Ti Mango
Ti mango tiwela eka ndyangu wa cashew Anacardiaceae naswona tina vuxaka na poison ivy. Vanhu van’wana vatikomba vari na allergy eka ti mango leswi vangiwaka hiku fana ka ti protein leti kumekaka eka ti mangoes na pollen.
Oral Allergy Syndrome (OAS) yi humelela endzhaku ka timinete nyana endzhaku ka kudya ti mango naswona i allergy yoka yinga karhati leyinga lulamisiwaka endzhaku ka timinete tingari tingani. Allergy yin’wana yivuriwa ‘contact dermatitis’ leyi vangaka swirhumbani eka nhlonge. Yi vangiwa hi urushiol leyi kumekaka eka makamba xikan’we na muhandzu lowunga e hansi nyana ka makamba lawa ya vandliweke.
Vanhu lavanga na allergy ya mango vatsundzuxiwa kuva vafambela kule swinene na muhandzu loko wungase endliwa nchumu. Ti mango leti swekiwekeaswitalangi titisa ku vaviseka. Xikan’we na lava vangana allergic ya cashew kumbe ti pistachios vafanele ku papalata ti mango hikokwalaho ka leswi swivangiwaka endzhaku ko dya.
Tiva leswi:
Vuxokoxoko lebyi i byo dyondzisa ntsena naku lemukisa naswona byingaka byinga tekiwi tani hi switsundzuxo swa vutshunguri. Vuxokoxoko lebyi abyi kongomisiwangi eka kuteka ndzhawu ya switsundzuxo swa vutshunguri kumbe vutshunguri lebyi phakeriwaka hi lavanga tokota eka swa vutshunguri.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni