Nebbiolo

Nhlamuselo

Nebbiolo grapes in South Africa.

Nebbiolo i madiriva yotshuka lawa ya fambelanaka na yin’wana ya ti wayeni ta kahle swinene emisaveni.

Swilanguteka onge vito rawona risukela eka rito ra xintariyani (Italian) nebula,lerivulaka nkungwa, leswi swingava swiendliwa hikuva ya vupfa se kurikhale swinene laha se kuvaka kusungula nguva ya ximun’wana naswona nkungwa se wusungula kuvonaka e Italy, kumbe hikuva swiendliwa hi muhlovo nyana wobasa lowu vonakaka eka nhlonge ya madiriva lawa loko se yavupfile.

Nebbiolo yilanguteka onge yahuma eka yanwana ya xitariyani (Italian) leyi vange i Freisa, kambe vuxokoxoko bya vutswari lebyi nwana abyi tiveki. Switlhela switikomba kuri na vuxaka na wayeni Viognier.

Ntumbuluko

Kuya hi vulavisisi bya DNA, Nebbiolo yilanguteka yisungule kuva kona kusukela eka Piedmont kumbe eka ndzhawu ya Valtellina e vupela dyambu bya Italy.

Hiyin’wana ya tiwaeni ta khale swinene letibyariwaka e Italy, switlhele switsariwa etibukwini ta State Archive of Torino leswaku madiriva lawa yavekona kusukela exikarhi ka thirteenth Century. Kuna kuhleketelela leswaku Nebbiolo i madiriva lawa ya fanaka lawa vuriwaka Spionia, hi mutsari wa xi Roma, Pliney the Elder eka buku yakwe Naturalis Historiae, khale kusuka hivo 1 AD.

Piedmont eka malembe yiti endlelehikuva wayeni ya Barolo na Barbaresco, leyi endliweke kusukela eka madiriva ya Nebbiolo lawa yabyariwaka eka tindzhawu tinwana ta miganga yale tindzhawini letiya. Hinkari wava 15th Century, Nebbiolo yive ya xiyimo xa lehenhla eka tindzhawu ta Barola, leyitivekaka tani hi La Morra kusukela khale, laha ku onha kumbe kutsemiwa ka misinya leyi aswiri na xigwevo xa rifu kumbe kutsemiwa voko ra xinene.

Barola na Barbaresco, eka malembe, yitiveke tani hi wayeni ya tihosi kumbe hosi ya tiwayeni “wine of kings and king of wines” e Italy. Ekusunguleni, wayeni leyi ayinga twisisiwi kahle loko yin’wiwa nkarhi wunga se fika.

Barolo ya kahle, hambiswiritano, yifanele kutshikiwa yikula kuringana 12 wa malembe leswaku yita humesa vuswikoti bya yona. Switlhela switika swinene kuhumelerisa wayeni leyi ngopfu ngopfu loko kuri na lava vange kuhumelerisiwa ka Nebbiolo kufanele ku endliwa hivahumelerisi va wayeni lavangana vuswikoti na ntokoto wohumelerisa hikuva kuna switandzhaku eka muxaka lowu, Pinot noir.

Mavito yanwana

Yitlhela yitiveka tani hi Chiavennasca, Picutener, Spanna na Nibeul.

Vuhumelerisi e Afrika Dzonga

Muxaka wa madiriva lawa wosungula wutisiwile kusuka e Italy hi prof Abraham Izak Perold himalembe yava 1910. Tinwana leti atiri na vuswikoti tivuye titisiwa hi Vititec exikarhi ka malembe ya 1990 na 1995. Steenberg Winery ya Constantia yive yona yosungula ku humelerisa wayeni ya Nebbiolo hi malembe yava 1990s.

Tindzhawu ta vuhumelerisi

Vuhumelerisi e Afrika Dzonga byintsongo swinene, laha kungana masimu yantsongo eka 25 ha letinga tsariwa kusukela hi 2016. Masimu yotala yakumeka e Breedekloof, Stellenbosch nale Cape South Coast, laha Paarl, Klein Karoo na Northern Cape natona tina tindzhawu tintsongo tavuhumelerisi.

Ku kula

Muxaka lowu wutsakela swinene maxelo yo hola. Nsinya lowu wukula swinene, wutlhela wuva na vuswikoti byo humelerisa kwalomu ka 12 t/ha kuya eka 18 t/ha.

Ku vupfa

Madiriva lawa yavupfa hiku hatlisa exikarhi ka nguva kusuka eka hafu yosungula ya February.

Mihandzu

Nsinya lowu wuhumelerisa madiriva yoka yanga kulangi ngopfu, kambe yakulu onge iya xirhendzevutani lawa yavaka yotshuka ivi ya cinca yava yantima loko yavupfile. Nhlonge yawona yilarile kambe yitiyela kasi swalendzeni swina juzi yakahle swinene no nuhela mihandzu.

Matluka

Nebbiolo yina matluka ya rihlaza rodzwihala lawa yanga yantsongo kuya exikarhi, iya xirhendzevutani yatlhela yava na swiave swa ntlhanu.

Switsotswana na mavabyi

Muxaka lowu wukarhatiwa ngopfu hi downy mildew, powdery mildew xikanwe notshwa hi dyambu. Mpfula loko yina hinkarhi wantshovelo yitisa kubola eka mihandzu.

Switirhisiwa

Madiriva lawantsongo lawa ya humelerisiwaka laha Afrika Dzonga yatirhisiwa kukatsela tinwana no endla wayeni yinwe.

Nantswo

Lowu muxaka hiwun’wana wa letinga tivekaka kuya hi muhlovo wa tona, wayeni yontimela nyana leyi vonakaka onge yina muhlovo wa orange emakumu. Tinxaka letikumekaka laha Afrika Dzonga tihumelerisa minantswo yotiya ya mihandzu nati berry.