Mavabyi ya Kuhefemula ya Swine

©Dr Jim Robinson
Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC) i rito leritirhisiwaka ku hlamusela mavabyi yo hefemula lawa ya vangiwaka hiku hlangana ka switsongwa tsongwani swotala na ti bacteria. Kuya hi buku ya Danie Visser’s Modern Pig Production, vavabyi lawa ya tala ku humelela eka tinguluve tale xikarhi 14 kuya eka 20 wa mavhiki hi vukhale, kambe yanga tlhela ya khumba na letintsongo ka teto kumbe leti kulu ka sweswo kuya hiti pathogens leti khumbekaka.

Swikoweto

Swikoweto na xiyimo xa nhlaselo swinga hambana, kuya hiti organisms leti kumekaka, kambe swikatsa lethargy, fever, anorexia, kunga tsakeli swakudya, kunga kuli kahle, kuhuma thyaka hi matihlo na tinhompfu naku cinca ka muhlovo wa nhlonge ngopfu ngopfu emakumu ka tindleve. Swinga hetelela switisa rifu.

Swivangelo

Swiyimo swa ritshuri, mimoya yo thyaka yofana na ammonia, kunga hungi kahle ka moya, kutitimela, ku cinca cinca ka maxelo, kutsakama ngopfu ka moya, ku tala ka tinguluve na ntshikelelo hinkwaswo swinga vangela tinguluve kuva na Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex.
E Afrika Dzonga, xiyimo lexi xifambelanisiwa na Coronavirus, Circovirus, Porcine Reproductive na Respiratory Syndrome. Ti bacteria, kuya hi Modern Pig Production, letingavaka ti khumbeka i Bordetella bronchiseptica, Pasteurella multocida, Haemophilus parasuis, Antinobaccilus pleuropneumoniae, Actinobaccillus suis and Actinobacillus equuli, Streptococcus suis and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, ti tiveka tani hi Enzootic Pneumonia.
Bacteria yin’wana na yin’wana yina ndlela yayona leyi hlaselaka tinguluve hiku hambana kuya hi swikoweto, xiyimo xa mavabyi yalawo na vukhale bya nguluve yoleyo loko kuva na kuhangalaka ka mavabyi lawa. Ti pathogens tinga vanga mavabyi yale xikarhi hitoxe, kambe ya nyanya loko yava na tin’wana ti pathogens.

Nsivelo

©National Pork Board, USA
Kuya hi ntumbuluko wa mavabyi lawa, Modern Pig Production yi tsundzuxa vafuwi kuti hlanganisa na madokodela leswaku kuta kumeka nsivelo, vulawuri na vutshunguro. Biosecurity ya matimba hiyona yinga pfunaka eku siveleni ka tinguluve kuva ti khomiwa hi mavabyi kumbe leswi ya fambisaka, leswingavaka swin’wana na swin’wana kusuka eka tinguluve, swifuwo swin’wana, vanhu na swiambaloswa vatirhi.
Tinguluve tifanele kususiwa kutani tinga katsiwi ngopfu, ngopfu ngopfu kuva tivekiwa hiku ringana kusukela eku tswariweni, kumbe loko tifika e purasini, kufikela loko tiya famba. Hindlela leyi matirhelo ya all-in-all-out yata pfuna swinene ku basisiwa ka ndzhawu ya vuhumelerisi loko kunga se nghenisiwa tinguluve tintshwa.
Kuva ku basisiwa naku fafazeriwa kahle xikan’we naku basisiwa eka swin’welo swa mati, swo dyela na swivala swita sivela ku khomelela ka mavabyi kumbe mimoya ya thyaka kufana ammonia. Xikan’we na kuhunga ka moya wa kahle, leswi swita tiyisisa moya wa kahle laha kungana swifuwo.
Tinguluve tifanele ku sirheleriwa eka swiyimo swa maxelo swoka swingari kahle, kunga tali endzhawu yin’we leswaku kungavi na ntshikelelo. Mirhi yikona ku sivela yan’wana ya mavabyi lawa, kambe swikahle ku tihlanganisa na Dokodela wa swifuwo ku kuma mavabyi lawa ya karhataka swifuwo laha swinga kona. Ku susiwa ka manyokanyokani swita hunguta ku hlaseriwa hi mavabyi lawa ya vangiwaka hi manyokanyokani lawa hanyaka naku fambafamba eka mahahu.
Yan’wana ya mavabyi lawa ya hangalakaka yanga tshunguriwa hi murhi, kuya hiti organisms leti khumbekaka. Nsivelo, hambi swiritano, hiwona murhi lowukulu ku fikela sweswi.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni

 Hundzeke